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<div class="section" id="objects-library-for-ringqt-application">
<span id="index-0"></span><h1>Objects Library for RingQt Application<a class="headerlink" href="#objects-library-for-ringqt-application" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>In this chapter we will learn about the objects library and using it in GUI applications.</p>
<p>Instead of using global variables for windows objects and connecting events to objects using the object name, the
Objects Library will manage a list of the GUI objects and will provide a more natural API to quickly
create one or many windows from the same class.</p>
<p>Also the Objects Library provide a way to quickly set methods
to be executed when an event is fired. Also the library provide a natural interface to
quickly use the parent or the caller windows from the child or sub windows and the other way around.</p>
<p>The Objects Library is designed to be used with the MVC Design Pattern.</p>
<p>The Objects Library uses reflection and meta-programming to add new methods to Controller classes to provide
an easy way for communication between these classes.</p>
<p>The Objects Library is called automatically by the GUILib</p>
<p>Also we can call it alone by using the next command</p>
<div class="highlight-ring notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">load</span> <span class="s">"objectslib.ring"</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The ObjectsLib provide functions like openObject(), lastObject() and a class called ObjectsParent</p>
<p>The GUILib provide a new specific API for GUI applications like openWindow(), lastWindow(), etc.</p>
<div class="section" id="library-usage-with-gui-applications">
<span id="index-1"></span><h2>Library Usage with GUI Applications<a class="headerlink" href="#library-usage-with-gui-applications" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>Use the openWindow(cWindowControllerClassName) function to open new Windows</p></li>
<li><p>Create at least Two Classes for each window, The Controller Class and the View Class</p></li>
<li><p>Create each controller class from the WindowsControllerParent Class</p></li>
<li><p>Create each view class from the WindowsViewParent Class</p></li>
<li><p>Use the lastWindow() function to get the object of the last window created (The Controller object).</p></li>
<li><p>When you call a sub window, use the SetParentObject() method and pass the self object.</p></li>
<li><p>In the View Class, To determine the event method use the Method(cMethodName) function.</p></li>
<li><p>The Method(cMethodName) function determine the method in the controller class that will be executed.</p></li>
<li><p>Each controller class contains by default the CloseAction() method that you can call to close the window.</p></li>
<li><p>You don’t need to call the Show() Method for each window, When you use openWindow() It will be called.</p></li>
<li><p>In the view class, Define the GUI window object as an attribute called win.</p></li>
<li><p>You can use openWindowNoShow() to avoid displaying the window.</p></li>
<li><p>You can use openWindowAndLink() to quickly get methods to access the windows.</p></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="example">
<span id="index-2"></span><h2>Example<a class="headerlink" href="#example" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>In the next example we will create two types of windows.</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>Main Window contains a button. When the user click on the button a sub window will be opened.</p></li>
<li><p>The User Can click on the button many times to open many sub windows.</p></li>
<li><p>Each Sub Window contains Two buttons.</p></li>
<li><p>The first button in the sub window change the Main and the Sub Windows Titles.</p></li>
<li><p>The second button in the sub window close the Sub Window.</p></li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight-ring notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">load</span> <span class="s">"guilib.ring"</span>
<span class="k">new</span> <span class="n">qApp</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">openWindow</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="p">:</span><span class="n">MainWindowController</span> <span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">exec</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="n">MainWindowController</span> <span class="k">from</span> <span class="n">WindowsControllerParent</span>
<span class="n">oView</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="n">MainWindowView</span>
<span class="k">func</span> <span class="n">SubWindowAction</span>
<span class="n">openWindow</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="p">:</span><span class="n">SubWindowController</span> <span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">lastWindow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">SetParentObject</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="n">MainWindowView</span> <span class="k">from</span> <span class="n">WindowsViewParent</span>
<span class="n">win</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="n">qWidget</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">SetWindowTitle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Main Window"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">btnSub</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="n">qPushButton</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">win</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">setText</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Sub Window"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">setClickEvent</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="n">Method</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="p">:</span><span class="n">SubWindowAction</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="n">resize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">400</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">400</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="n">SubWindowController</span> <span class="k">from</span> <span class="n">WindowsControllerParent</span>
<span class="n">oView</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="n">SubWindowView</span>
<span class="k">func</span> <span class="n">SetMainWindowTitleAction</span>
<span class="n">Parent</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">oView</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">win</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">SetWindowTitle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Message from the Sub Window"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">oView</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">win</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">SetWindowTitle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Click Event Done!"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="n">SubWindowView</span> <span class="k">from</span> <span class="n">WindowsViewParent</span>
<span class="n">win</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="n">qWidget</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">SetWindowTitle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Sub Window"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">btnMsg</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="n">qPushButton</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">win</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">setText</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Set Main Window Title"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">setClickEvent</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="n">Method</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="p">:</span><span class="n">SetMainWindowTitleAction</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="n">btnClose</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="n">qPushButton</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">win</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">Move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">200</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">setText</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Close"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">setClickEvent</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="n">Method</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="p">:</span><span class="n">CloseAction</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="n">resize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">400</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">400</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The next screen shot after creating three sub windows.</p>
<img alt="Objects Library Example - Shot 1" src="_images/objectslib1.png" />
<p>The next screen shot after clicking on the button in each sub window.</p>
<img alt="Objects Library Example - Shot 2" src="_images/objectslib2.png" />
</div>
<div class="section" id="openwindowandlink-function">
<span id="index-3"></span><h2>openWindowAndLink() Function<a class="headerlink" href="#openwindowandlink-function" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>We can use the openWindowAndLink() function to connect between the application
windows, pass messages (call methods) between the objects.</p>
<p>This function uses Meta-programming to define dynamic methods in the
Caller Class to use the dynamic objects of other windows that we create.</p>
<p>Example : (Uses the Form Designer)</p>
<p>First Window</p>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/blob/master/samples/UsingFormDesigner/twowindowspart5/firstwindowView.ring">https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/blob/master/samples/UsingFormDesigner/twowindowspart5/firstwindowView.ring</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/blob/master/samples/UsingFormDesigner/twowindowspart5/firstwindowController.ring">https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/blob/master/samples/UsingFormDesigner/twowindowspart5/firstwindowController.ring</a></p></li>
</ol>
<p>Second Window</p>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/blob/master/samples/UsingFormDesigner/twowindowspart5/secondwindowView.ring">https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/blob/master/samples/UsingFormDesigner/twowindowspart5/secondwindowView.ring</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/blob/master/samples/UsingFormDesigner/twowindowspart5/secondwindowController.ring">https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/blob/master/samples/UsingFormDesigner/twowindowspart5/secondwindowController.ring</a></p></li>
</ol>
<p>In the next code for example (from FirstWindowController.ring)</p>
<p>The openWindowAndLink() will create an object from the SecondWindowController Class</p>
<p>Then will add the SecondWindow() and IsSecondWindow() Methods
to the FirstWindowController Class</p>
<p>Also will add the FirstWindow() and IsFirstWindow() Methods
to the SecondWindowController Class</p>
<p>So the SendMessage() method in FirstWindowController class can
use the SecondWindow() method to access the object.</p>
<p>This is more simple than using lastWindow(), Parent() and
SetParentObject() methods.</p>
<div class="highlight-ring notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="n">firstwindowController</span> <span class="k">from</span> <span class="n">windowsControllerParent</span>
<span class="n">oView</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="n">firstwindowView</span>
<span class="k">func</span> <span class="n">OpenSecondWindow</span>
<span class="n">openWindowAndLink</span><span class="p">(:</span><span class="n">SecondWindowController</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">func</span> <span class="n">SendMessage</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">IsSecondWindow</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">SecondWindow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">setMessage</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Message from the first window"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">ok</span>
<span class="k">func</span> <span class="n">setMessage</span> <span class="n">cMessage</span>
<span class="n">oView</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Label1</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">setText</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cMessage</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="openwindowinpackages-function">
<span id="index-4"></span><h2>openWindowInPackages() Function<a class="headerlink" href="#openwindowinpackages-function" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>The openWindowInPackages() function is the same as openWindow()
but takes an extra list that determine the packages
to import before opening the window.</p>
<p>Syntax:</p>
<div class="highlight-ring notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">openWindowInPackages</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cClassName</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">aPackagesList</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Example:</p>
<p>The next example from the Form Designer source code, Open the Window Flags window
using the openWindowInPackages() function.</p>
<p>We determine the class name “WindowFlagsController” and the packages name.</p>
<p>The Window Flags window uses the FormDesigner and System.GUI packages.</p>
<div class="highlight-ring notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">openWindowInPackages</span><span class="p">(:</span><span class="n">WindowFlagsController</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">[</span>
<span class="s">"formdesigner"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s">"System.GUI"</span>
<span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="objects-library-source-code">
<span id="index-5"></span><h2>Objects Library Source Code<a class="headerlink" href="#objects-library-source-code" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>The library source code is very simple, You can check the source code files</p>
<p>The source code for the Objects Library (can be used without GUILib)</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/blob/master/libraries/objectslib/objects.ring">https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/blob/master/libraries/objectslib/objects.ring</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/blob/master/libraries/objectslib/objectslib.ring">https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/blob/master/libraries/objectslib/objectslib.ring</a></p></li>
</ul>
<p>The source code for the MVC classes in GUILib</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/blob/master/libraries/guilib/mvc/controllerparent.ring">https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/blob/master/libraries/guilib/mvc/controllerparent.ring</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/blob/master/libraries/guilib/mvc/viewparent.ring">https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/blob/master/libraries/guilib/mvc/viewparent.ring</a></p></li>
</ul>
<span class="target" id="index-6"></span></div>
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