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<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset='UTF-8'><meta name='viewport' content='width=device-width initial-scale=1'>
<link href='https://fonts.loli.net/css?family=Open+Sans:400italic,700italic,700,400&subset=latin,latin-ext' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' /><style type='text/css'>html {overflow-x: initial !important;}:root { --bg-color:#ffffff; --text-color:#333333; --select-text-bg-color:#B5D6FC; --select-text-font-color:auto; --monospace:"Lucida Console",Consolas,"Courier",monospace; --title-bar-height:20px; }
.mac-os-11 { --title-bar-height:28px; }
html { font-size: 14px; background-color: var(--bg-color); color: var(--text-color); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }
body { margin: 0px; padding: 0px; height: auto; inset: 0px; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.42857; overflow-x: hidden; background: inherit; tab-size: 4; }
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[lang="flow"] svg, [lang="mermaid"] svg { max-width: 100%; height: auto; }
[lang="mermaid"] .node text { font-size: 1rem; }
table tr th { border-bottom: 0px; }
video { max-width: 100%; display: block; margin: 0px auto; }
iframe { max-width: 100%; width: 100%; border: none; }
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mark { background: rgb(255, 255, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); }
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.md-diagram-panel .edgeLabel rect { opacity: 1 !important; }
.md-fences.md-fences-math { font-size: 1em; }
.md-fences-advanced:not(.md-focus) { padding: 0px; white-space: nowrap; border: 0px; }
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.outline-content strong { font-weight: 400; }
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@include-when-export url(https://fonts.loli.net/css?family=Open+Sans:400italic,700italic,700,400&subset=latin,latin-ext);
/* open-sans-regular - latin-ext_latin */
/* open-sans-italic - latin-ext_latin */
/* open-sans-700 - latin-ext_latin */
/* open-sans-700italic - latin-ext_latin */
html {
font-size: 16px;
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}
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font-family: "Open Sans","Clear Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, 'Segoe UI Emoji', sans-serif;
color: rgb(51, 51, 51);
line-height: 1.6;
}
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margin: 0 auto;
padding: 30px;
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}
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}
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}
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#write > ol:first-child{
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a {
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}
h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6 {
position: relative;
margin-top: 1rem;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
font-weight: bold;
line-height: 1.4;
cursor: text;
}
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h3:hover a.anchor,
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h6:hover a.anchor {
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h1 code {
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font-size: 2.25em;
line-height: 1.2;
border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
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}
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</style><title>SpaCE2022评测数据清洗工作指南_0330V2</title>
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<div id='write' class=''><h4 id='centerspace2022中文空间语义理解评测数据清洗工作指南center'><center><span>SpaCE2022中文空间语义理解评测数据清洗工作指南</span></center></h4><center>欢迎大家参与本次数据清洗工作！</center><p><a href='#任务简介'><span>任务简介</span></a></p><p><a href='#语料来源'><span>语料来源</span></a></p><p><a href='#选项说明'><span>选项说明</span></a></p><p><a href='#标注工具使用说明'><span>标注工具使用说明</span></a></p><hr /><h4 id='任务简介'><span>任务简介</span></h4><p><span> 1</span><span>.</span><span> SpaCE2022课题组通过计算机程序收集了大量自然文本语料，用途是进行句子空间方位语义理解研究。空间方位语义指句中有关于实体在物理空间中的方位信息，包括静态的方位信息和动态的方位信息，前者如“会议室里有一张大桌子”；后者如“他们把会议室的大桌子搬出去了”。<mark>请注意：
（1）这里的“物理空间”是日常生活中可以观察、可以感知的的客观的几何空间，如“操场上、会议室里、大桥下”等。不包括比较主观的抽象空间，如“印象中”、“概念中”等。
（2）除典型的“物理空间”外，还有一些“信息空间”，比如“微信中”、“名单里”、“信里”等，一般也有可观察、可感知的客观的“物理载体”，因此这类信息空间也属于本课题关注的空间方位信息。</mark></span></p><p><strong></strong><span> 2</span><span>.</span><span> 收集到的自然文本语料已经过计算机程序自动分词和词性标注处理，并对</span><font color="dc3545"><strong><span>方位词</span></strong></font><span>、</span><font color="e39128"><strong><span>趋向动词</span></strong></font><span>、</span><font color="11ab21"><strong><span>处所词 </span></strong></font><span>进行了高亮显示<mark>（名词不再高亮）</mark>。<mark>方位词、处所词都可表示方向或位置，趋向动词表示位置的移动。下表是三个词类的释义和举例。 </span></p><figure><table><thead><tr><th><span>词类</span><p><span></th><th><span>释义</span></th><th><span>例子</span></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><span>方位词</span></td><td><span>方位词表示带有参照点的方向或相对位置关系，如“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“前”、“后”、“旁”等。方位词表示的相对位置既可以是空间也可以是时间，本文仅关注方位词表达的空间语义。</span></td><td><span>“桌子上面”、“大树下”中的“上”、“下”是方位词，表示空间；“春节前”中的“前”是方位词，表示时间。</span></td></tr><tr><td><span>趋向动词</span></td><td><span><mark>趋向动词是表达趋向意义的动词，趋向指相对于某个参照点的位置移动，如“来”、“去”、“进”、“出”、“回”、“进来”、“出去”、“出来”等。</mark></span></td><td><span><mark>“去上海”、“下乡去”、“回家”、“进屋”、“把子弹从身体中取出来”中的“去”、“回”、“进”、“出来”是趋向动词，表示位置移动。趋向动词不表示位移义的例子：“他看上去很疲惫。”“两轮谈判下来，大家都筋疲力尽。”中的“上去”“下来”已彻底虚化，不表实际位移。</mark></span></td></tr><tr><td><span>处所词</span></td><td><span>处所词表示空间位置，可用“哪里”提问，可做“在”的宾语。</span></td><td><span>“在民间”、“在远处”中的“民间”和“远处”属于处所词。</mark></span></td></tr></tbody></table></figure> 3</span><span>.</span><span> 需要人工进行逐句审核通过上述途径得到的语料存在5类问题，，找出问题，即所谓的语料数据清洗。清洗工作的目的是对每个句段中的问题进行标识，有的还需要修改。下表概括了句段中存在问题的范围、对问题的具体描述，标注时对应的选项，以及具体的标注方式（其中“归类”通过点选按钮完成，详见“选项说明”部分）。</span></p><figure><table><thead><tr><th><span>问题范围/焦点</span></th><th><span>问题描述</span></th><th><span>标注时对应的选项（按钮）</span></th><th><span style="display:inline-block;width:128px"><span>标注方式</span></span></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><span>整段</span></td><td><span>无空间方位义、复杂难懂、句段不完整</span></td><td><span>该段落不表达空间方位义/复杂难懂/不完整</span></td><td><strong><span>归类</span></strong></td></tr><tr><td><span>整段</span></td><td><span>字、词、符号错误</span></td><td><span>该段落存在错别字以及符号错误</span></td><td><strong><span>标识</span></strong><span>+</span><strong><span>归类</span></strong><span>+</span><strong><span>修改</span></strong></td></tr><tr><td><span>方位词</span></td><td><span>并不表达空间方位义</span></td><td><span>红色词（方位词）不表达空间方位义</span></td><td><strong><span>标识</span></strong><span>+</span><strong><span>归类</span></strong></td></tr><tr><td><span>趋向动词</span></td><td><span>并不表达空间方位义</span></td><td><span>橙色词（趋向动词）不是表达空间方位义的趋向动词</span></td><td><strong><span>标识</span></strong><span>+</span><strong><span>归类</span></strong></td></tr><tr><td><span>句段中<mark>高亮的方位词、趋向动词、处所词</mark></span></td><td><span><mark>高亮的方位词、趋向动词、处所词存在分词错误(不考虑词性标注错误)</mark></span></td><td><span>高亮词存在分词错误</span></td><td><strong><span>标识</span></strong><span>+</span><strong><span>归类</span></strong></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><hr /><p> </p><h4 id='语料来源'><span>语料来源</span></h4><ul><li><p><span>语料来源于多个领域，有普通日常语言的文本，还有专业领域的文本，比如体育领域人体动作类语料、地理百科类语料等。</span></p><hr /><p> </p></li></ul><h4 id='选项说明'><span>选项说明</span></h4><ul><li><p><strong><span>选项1： 该段落不表达空间方位义/复杂难懂/不完整</span></strong><span>：仅需做“</span><strong><span>归类</span></strong><span>”操作。</span><mark>请注意：冒号结尾的句子，如果冒号前的句义完整，则<strong>不</strong>属于“不完整”。</mark></p><ul><li><p><font style="font-family:楷体"><span>示例1 由谁去充任那些苦难的角色？又有谁去体现这世间的幸福，骄傲和快乐？只好听凭偶然，是没有道理好讲的。</span></font></p><p><span>【句子整体无空间方位义。标注者应选择“ 该段落不表达空间方位义/复杂难懂/不完整”。】</span></p></li><li><p><font style="font-family:楷体"><span>示例2 在双臂快速向下摆动的同时身体跳起。单脚落地支撑</span><font color="red"><strong><span>，</span></strong></font></font></p><p><span>【句尾处是逗号“，”，整个句子意思不完整。标注者应选择“ 该段落不表达空间方位义/复杂难懂/不完整”。】</span></p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong><span>选项2： 该段落存在错别字以及符号错误</span></strong><span>：需做“</span><strong><span>标识+归类+修改</span></strong><span>”操作</span></p><ul><li><p><font style="font-family:楷体"><span>示例3 我们</span><font color="red"><strong><span>沿者</span></strong></font><span>小路散步到井房，房顶上盛开的金银花芬芳扑鼻。莎莉文老师把我的一只手放在喷水口下，一股清凉的水在我手上流过。</span></font></p><p><span>【句中红色高亮词“沿者”是“沿着”之误。标注者应用鼠标选中“沿者”，点选“该段落存在错别字以及符号错误”，在弹出的文本框内</span><strong><span>修改</span></strong><span>为“沿着”。】</span></p></li><li><p><font style="font-family:楷体"><span>示例4 在双臂快速向下摆动的同时身体跳起。单脚落地支撑，呈稳定的单腿运动姿，注意膝盖不要超过脚尖</span><font color="red"><strong><span>）</span></strong></font><span>并保持身体稳定。</span></font></p><p><span>【句中标红的标点符号“）”错误。标注者应用鼠标选中“</span><strong><span>脚尖</span><font color="red"><span>）</span></font><span>并</span></strong><span>”，点选“该段落存在错别字以及符号错误”，在弹出的文本框内</span><strong><span>修改</span></strong><span>为“脚尖并”。】</span></p></li><li><p><font style="font-family:楷体"><span>示例5 在双臂快速向下摆动的同时身体跳起。单脚落地支撑，呈稳定的单腿运动姿，注意膝盖不要超过脚尖并保持身体稳定 </span></font></p><p><span>【此句语义是完整的，但句尾缺少句号。标注者应用鼠标选中“</span><strong><span>稳定</span></strong><span>”，点选“该段落存在错别字以及符号错误”，在弹出的文本框内，在”稳定“后添加一个句号，即</span><strong><span>修改</span></strong><span>为“</span><strong><span>稳定。</span></strong><span>”】</span></p></li></li><li><p><font style="font-family:楷体"><span><mark>示例6 发展简史安徽最古的文化属距今约4000多年的龙山文化。此后，由于淮河流域毗邻当时经济、文化比较先进的中原地区，开发较早。《左传》记载“禹会诸侯于涂山，执玉帛者万国”。涂山就在今怀远县。春秋、战国时代（公元前770～前221），省境中、西部属于楚国领域，寿春（今寿县）曾为楚国国都。</mark> </span></font></p><p><span><mark>【此句语义是完整的，在地理百科类文本，有小标题嵌入文段的情况，例如“发展简史安徽”可将其改成“发展简史：安徽”。应用鼠标选中“</span><strong><span>发展简史安徽</span></strong><span></mark><mark>”，点选“该段落存在错别字以及符号错误”，在弹出的文本框内，</span><strong><span>修改</span></strong><span>为“</span><strong><span>发展简史：安徽</span></strong><span>”】</mark></span></p></li></ul></li></mark><li><p><strong><span>选项3： 红色词（方位词）不表达空间方位义</span></strong><span>：需做“</span><strong><span>标识+归类</span></strong><span>”操作</span></p><ul><li><p><font style="font-family:楷体"><span>示例7 1563年制定的英国《学徒法》中有这样的规定：“所有的工匠和工人，在3月中旬至9月中旬的期间内，早上应于时钟显示5点或5点</span><font color="red"><strong><span>前</span></strong></font><span>上岗。</span></font></p><p><span>【句中红色高亮词“前”，在此处表达时间概念，并不是表示空间方位义。标注者应用鼠标选中“前”，然后点选“红色词（方位词）不表达空间方位义”。】</span></p></li><li><p><font style="font-family:楷体"><span>示例8 仰卧，整个身体在放松的状态</span><font color="red"><strong><span>下</span></strong></font><span>躺在地面或垫子上，目视上方，双手放在身体两侧，自然摆放。</span></font></p><p><span>【句中红色高亮词“下”，在此处不表示空间方位义。标注者应用鼠标选中“下”，然后点选“红色词（方位词）不表达空间方位义”。】</span></p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong><span>选项4： 橙色词（趋向动词）不是表达空间方位义的趋向动词</span></strong><span>：需做“</span><strong><span>标识+归类</span></strong><span>”操作</span></p><ul><li><p><font style="font-family:楷体"><span>示例9 我常梦想着在人间彻底消灭残疾，但可以相信，那时将由患病者代替残疾人</span><font color="e39128"><span>去</span></font><span>承担同样的苦难。</span></font></p><p><span>【句中橙色高亮词“去”不是表达空间方位义的趋向动词。标注者应用鼠标选中“去”，然后点选“橙色词（趋向动词）不是表达空间方位义的趋向动词”。】</span></p></li><li><p><font style="font-family:楷体"><span>示例10 清晨，我</span><font color="e39128"><span>去</span></font><span>公园玩，一进门就闻到一阵清香。我赶紧往荷花池边跑去。</span></font></p><p><span>【</span><strong><span>请注意</span></strong><span>：这里的趋向动词“去”表达空间方位义。此句</span><strong><span>不</span></strong><span>应归入“橙色词（趋向动词）不是表达空间方位义的趋向动词”。标注者应选择“无上述问题”。】</span></p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong><span>选项5： 高亮词存在分词错误</span></strong><span>（分词错误指的是把不是词的单位误识为词）：需做“</span><strong><span>标识+归类</span></strong><span>”操作。</span><mark>请注意：名词不再高亮，即名词的分词错误不再标注。</mark></p><ul><li><p><span>1.句中红色高亮方位词存在分词错误</span></p><ul><li><p><font style="font-family:楷体"><span>示例11</span></font></p><p><img src="https://space2022photo-1310409365.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/img/202203291046161.png" referrerp后点选“高亮词存在分词错误”】</span></p></li><li><p><font style="font-family:楷体"><span>示例12</span></font><span> </span><font stylolicy="no-referrer" alt="image-20220329104612312"></p><p><span>【句中红色方框内高亮的“前右脚”属于切分错误。标注者应用鼠标选中“前右脚”，然e="font-family:楷体"><span>我平安</span><font color="red"><strong><span>地上</span></strong></font><span>了岸，踽踽地走着，偶然把头回过去，只看见一个微弱的灯光，一高一低地向着东方走去。</span></font></p><p><span>【句中红色高亮词“地上”是分词错误。标注者应用鼠标选中“地上”，然后点选“高亮词存在分词错误”。】</span></p></li><li><p><font style="font-family:楷体"><span>示例13</span></font></p><p><img src="https://space2022photo-1310409365.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/img/202203292214980.png" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" alt="image-20220329221414401"></p><p><span>【句子红色方框内高亮词“门锁上”是分词错误。标注者应用鼠标选中“门锁上”，然后点选“高亮词存在分词错误”。】</span></p></li></ul></li><li><p><span>2.句中绿色高亮处所词存在分词错误</span></p><ul><li><p><font style="font-family:楷体"><span>示例14</span></font></p><p><img src="https://space2022photo-1310409365.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/img/202203301204082.png" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" alt="image-20220329000209571"></p><p><span>【句中绿色高亮词“天上”是分词错误。标注者应用鼠标选中“天上”，然后点选“高亮词存在分词错误”。】</span></p></li><li><p><font style="font-family:楷体"><span>示例15 有一天，天气很冷，我和一位同事站在公司大</span><font color="11ab21"><span>门前</span></font><span>谈话。</span></font></p><p><span>【句中绿色高亮词“门前”是分词错误。标注者应用鼠标选中“门前”，然后点选“高亮词存在分词错误”。】</span></p></li><li><p><font style="font-family:楷体"><span>示例16 有一天，天气很冷，我和一位同事站在公司</span><font color="11ab21"><span>门前</span></font><span>谈话。</span></font></p><p><span>【</span><strong><span>请注意</span></strong><span>：此句中“</span><font color="11ab21"><span>门前</span></font><span>”被视作为一个词，不是分词错误。“</span><font color="11ab21"><span>门前</span></font><span>”可以合在一起作为处所词（用绿色高亮），也可以分开成为“名词+方位词”组合，分别用蓝色和红色高亮为“</span><font color="r0d6efd"><span>门</span></font><font color="red"><span>前</span></font><span>”。两种处理方式均可。</span><strong><span>不</span></strong><span>需要归入“高亮词存在分词错误”。此句应点选“无上述问题”。】</span></p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong><span>选项6： 无上述问题</span></strong></p><ul><li><p><font style="font-family:楷体"><span>示例17</span></font></p><p><img src="https://space2022photo-1310409365.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/img/202203301204665.png" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" alt="image-20220329001551076"></p></li></ul></li></ul><p><span> </span><span>【该段落是正常的含有空间方位义的文本】</span></p><p><strong><span>注意事项</span></strong></p><ul><li><p><span>1. 一个语段可能存在多个问题，或一个问题出现多次，</span><strong><span>所有问题均需标注</span></strong><span>。标注一个问题之后，如发现还有新的问题，可点击“</span><strong><span>继续增加标注</span></strong><span>”按钮来标注新的问题。</span></p><ul><li><p><font style="font-family:楷体"><span>示例18</span></font></p><p><img src="https://space2022photo-1310409365.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/img/202203301336815.png" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" alt="image-20220330133634951"></p><p><img src="https://space2022photo-1310409365.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/img/202203301336747.png" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" alt="image-20220330125341360"></p><p><span> 【此句中存在多个错误，“门锁上”存在分词错误，“月匙”为“钥匙”之误。标注者应在第一步标注了“门锁上”的错误后，点击按钮“继续增加标注”，然后用鼠标选中“月匙”，修改为“钥匙”。】</span></p></li></ul><ul></ul></span></p></li></ul><ul><li><p><span><mark>2. 如果选择了选项1“无空间方位义、复杂难懂、句段不完整”或者选项5 “无上述问题”，则这个句段标注完成，可以不用考虑其他选项。</mark></span></p></li></ul><ul><li><p><span><mark>3. 本课题收集语料目的仅为研究之用，为避免在计算机自动处理过程中产生不当信息内容，若句子政治性很强，比如涉及国家大政方针、党的理论，国家领导人等信息；或有国家法律法规不允许传播的内容，比如色情内容，涉恐信息等，就归入整句无空间方位义。不再进入后续标注流程。</mark></span></p></li></ul><h4 id='标注工具使用说明'><span>标注工具使用说明</span></h4><ul><li><p><span>step1： 用户登录网站 </span><a href='https://2030nlp.github.io/Sp22AnnoOL/'><strong><span>点击网址</span></strong></a></p></li><li><p><span>step2： 输入 </span><strong><span>姓名</span></strong><span> 和 </span><strong><span>密码</span></strong><span> 。</span></p><p><img src="https://space2022photo-1310409365.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/img/202203291016568.png" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" alt="setp1"></p></li><li><p><span>step3： 点击</span><strong><span>「开始标注」</span></strong><span>按钮，进入标注页面。</span></p><p><img src="https://space2022photo-1310409365.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/img/202203291016743.png" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" alt="step2"></p></li><li><p><span>step4：根据当前句子情况，点击</span><strong><span>「该段落不表达空间方位义/复杂难懂/不完整」</span></strong><span> 、</span><strong><span>「该段落存在错别字以及符号错误」</span></strong><span>、</span><strong><span>「红色词（方位词)不表达空间方位义」</span></strong><span>、</span><strong><span>「橙色词（趋向动词)不是表达空间方位义的趋向动词」</span></strong><span> 、</span><strong><span>「高亮词存在分词错误」</span></strong><span>、 </span><strong><span>「无上述问题</span></strong><span>」6个按钮中的一个进行标注。标注完成后点击</span><strong><span>「保存并继续」</span></strong><span>，直至标完事先分配好的任务，界面就会提示 </span><strong><span>「没有下一条了」</span></strong><span>。</span>
<span> </span></p></li><li><p><span>Tips</span></p><ul><li><p><span>标注工具仅支持<mark>电脑端</mark>chrome、firefox浏览器。</span></p></li><li><p><span>如有任何问题，请联系小组长。</span></p><hr /><p> </p></li></ul><p><font style="font-family:微软雅黑"><font size="2"><span>文档最近更新时间：2022-04-03</span></font></font></p><p><font style="font-family:微软雅黑"><font size="2"><span>北京大学SpaCE2022评测任务课题组 </span></font></font></p><p><font style="font-family:微软雅黑"><font size="2"><span>本项目得到国家科技创新2030“新一代人工智能”重大项目——“以自然语言为核心的语义理解理论、模型与方法”（项目号：2020AAA0106701）支持。</span></font></font></p></li></ul></div></div>
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