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‎Array Questions/readme.md

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# Array Questions
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[![ComputeNepal - learn-c-programming](https://img.shields.io/static/v1?label=ComputeNepal&message=learn-c-programming&color=blue&logo=github)](https://github.com/ComputeNepal/learn-c-programming "Go to GitHub repo")
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[![License](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-MIT-blue)](#license)
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[![issues - learn-c-programming](https://img.shields.io/github/issues/ComputeNepal/learn-c-programming)](https://github.com/ComputeNepal/learn-c-programming/issues)
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[![contributions - welcome](https://img.shields.io/badge/contributions-welcome-blue)](/CONTRIBUTING.md "Go to contributions doc")
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![Learn C Programming](https://repository-images.githubusercontent.com/615587446/9a0d7982-bdb2-4918-8570-ebfff27778ad)
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## 1. WAP to input 10 numbers and display the largest and smallest number.
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### Program
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```c
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//WAP to input 10 numbers and display the largest and smallest number.
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#include <stdio.h>
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int main(){
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int a[10], largest, smallest;
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printf("Enter 10 numbers: ");
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for(int i=0; i< 10; i++){
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scanf("%d", &a[i]);
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}
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largest = a[0];
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smallest = a[1];
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for(int i=0; i< 10; i++){
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if(a[i] > largest){
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largest = a[i];
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}
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if(a[i] < smallest){
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smallest = a[i];
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}
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}
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printf("Largest: %d, smallest: %d\n",largest, smallest);
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return 0;
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}
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```
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This program reads 10 numbers from the user and finds the largest and smallest
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number among them using two for loops.
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First, it declares an integer array of size 10 to store the numbers entered by
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the user. Then, it prompts the user to enter 10 numbers one by one using a for
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loop and scanf function.
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After that, it sets the initial values of largest and smallest as the first and
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second elements of the array, respectively. It then uses another for loop to
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compare all the elements of the array with the current value of largest and
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smallest. If any element of the array is larger than the current value of
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largest, the largest value is updated to that element. Similarly, if any element
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of the array is smaller than the current value of smallest, the smallest value
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is updated to that element.
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Finally, the program prints the largest and smallest numbers found during the
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comparison using printf function.
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## 2. WAP to read the age of 40 students and count the number of students aged between 15 and 22.
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### Program
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```c
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//WAP to read the age of 40 students and count the number of students aged between 15 and 22.
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#include <stdio.h>
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int main(){
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int a[40], c=0;
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printf("Enter the age of students: ");
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for(int i=0; i<40; i++){
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scanf("%d",&a[i]);
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if(a[i] >= 15 && a[i] <= 22)
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c++;
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}
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printf("Number of students between 15 to 22: %d\n", c);
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}
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```
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This program is designed to read the age of 40 students and count the number of
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students aged between 15 and 22.
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Firstly, an integer array a of size 40 is declared to store the age of the 40
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students. Then, the program prompts the user to enter the age of each student
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using a for loop that runs 40 times. Inside the loop, the scanf function is used
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to read each input age and store it in the corresponding element of the a array.
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After reading all the ages, another for loop is used to iterate through the a
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array and count the number of students whose age is between 15 and 22
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(inclusive). If the age of the current student is within the given range, then
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the counter variable c is incremented.
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Finally, the program displays the number of students aged between 15 and 22
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using the printf function. Note that the printf function does not need a format
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specifier for the integer c as it is a simple integer value.
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## 3. WAP to input several numbers and arrange them in ascending order.
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### Program
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```c
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//WAP to input several numbers and arrange them in ascending order.
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#include <stdio.h>
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int main(){
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int a[10], temp;
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printf("Enter the elements of the array: ");
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for(int i=0; i<10; i++){
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scanf("%d",&a[i]);
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}
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for(int i=0; i<10; i++){
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for(int j=i+1; j<10; j++){
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if(a[i] > a[j]){
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temp = a[j];
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a[j] = a[i];
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a[i] = temp;
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}
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}
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}
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printf("Arranged numbers: \n");
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for(int i=0; i<10; i++){
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printf("%d\t", a[i]);
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}
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return 0;
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}
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```
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This program takes input of 10 numbers and then arranges them in ascending order
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using the bubble sort algorithm.
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The input of the program is taken using the scanf() function and stored in an
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integer array called "a" with a size of 10.
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Then, two for loops are used for comparing and swapping the elements of the
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array in ascending order. The outer loop runs from 0 to 9, and the inner loop
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runs from i+1 to 9. This is because each element should be compared with all the
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remaining elements, which is done by the inner loop.
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If an element is found to be greater than the next element, then they are
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swapped. The swapping is done using a temporary variable called temp.
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Finally, the arranged numbers are printed using a for loop and printf()
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function.
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## 4. WAP to input a matrix of size rXc and transpose it.
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### Program
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```c
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//WAP to input a matrix of size rXc and transpose it.
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#include <stdio.h>
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int main(){
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int a[3][3];
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printf("Enter a matrix: ");
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for(int i=0; i<3; i++){
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for(int j=0; j<3; j++){
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scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
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}
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}
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printf("Original matrix: \n");
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for(int i=0; i<3; i++){
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for(int j=0; j<3; j++){
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printf("%d \t",a[i][j]);
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}
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printf("\n");
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}
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printf("Transposed matrix: \n");
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for(int i=0; i<3; i++){
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for(int j=0; j<3; j++){
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printf("%d \t",a[j][i]);
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}
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printf("\n");
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}
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}
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```
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This program takes a 3x3 matrix as input and then transposes it, which means it
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converts rows into columns and columns into rows. Here's a step-by-step
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explanation of the program:
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- The program declares a 3x3 integer array a to store the matrix.
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- The program then prompts the user to input the matrix by using two nested
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loops that iterate through each element of the matrix.
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- After the matrix is input, the program prints the original matrix by using two
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nested loops to iterate through each element and print it in a tabular format.
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- The program then prints the transposed matrix by using two nested loops to
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iterate through each element, but this time, it prints the elements of the
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array in transposed form. This is achieved by swapping the indices of rows and
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columns, so the row index becomes the column index and vice versa.
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- Finally, the program exits.
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Overall, this program demonstrates how to transpose a matrix in C using two
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nested loops to iterate through each element of the matrix.
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## 5. WAP to input two matrices of size 2X3 and display their sum.
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### Program
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```c
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//WAP to input two matrices of size 2X3 and display their sum.
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#include<stdio.h>
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int main(){
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int a[2][3], b[2][3];
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printf("Enter the first matrix:");
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for(int i=0; i<2; i++){
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for(int j=0; j<3; j++){
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scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
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}
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}
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printf("Enter the second matrix:");
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for(int i=0; i<2; i++){
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for(int j=0; j<3; j++){
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scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);
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}
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}
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printf("Addition matrix: \n");
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for(int i=0; i<2; i++){
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for(int j=0; j<3; j++){
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printf("%d\t",a[i][j] + b[i][j]);
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}
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printf("\n");
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}
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return 0;
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}
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```
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This program is designed to add two matrices of size 2x3. Here is an explanation
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of how the code works:
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- Two 2x3 matrices, a and b, are declared.
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- The user is prompted to enter the values for the first matrix, and these
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values are stored in a using a nested for loop.
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- The user is prompted to enter the values for the second matrix, and these
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values are stored in b using another nested for loop.
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- Another nested for loop is used to calculate the sum of the corresponding
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elements of a and b, and the result is printed as a new 2x3 matrix, which
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represents the addition of the two input matrices.
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The program works by adding the corresponding elements of a and b using a nested
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for loop to iterate over each element. The result is then printed as a new 2x3
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matrix using another nested for loop to print each element in a row-column
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format.
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Note that in order for two matrices to be added, they must be of the same size
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and shape (i.e., have the same number of rows and columns).
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## 6. WAP to input custom values for two matrix along with their rows and columns and find the product of those two matrices.
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### Program
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```c
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// matrix multiplication
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <stdlib.h>
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int mult_matrix(int, int, int, int);
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int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
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int row1, column1, row2, column2;
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printf("================================\n");
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printf("Enter number of rows and columns for the first matrix:\n");
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scanf("%d%d", &row1, &column1);
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printf("================================\n");
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printf("Enter number of rows and columns for the second matrix:\n");
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scanf("%d%d", &row2, &column2);
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printf("================================\n");
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// check to see if any of the rows and columns are negative
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if (((row1 * column1) < 1) && ((row2 * column2) < 1)) {
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printf("Enter non-negative value.\n");
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exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
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} else {
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if (column1 != row2) {
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// check to see if the number of column of first matrix is equal to the
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// number of rows of second matrix;
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printf("Number of column of first matrix must be equal the row of second "
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"matrix.\n");
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exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
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} else {
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// if all the conditions are true, then call the mult_matrix function
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mult_matrix(row1, column1, row2, column2);
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}
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}
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return 0;
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}
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int mult_matrix(int row1, int column1, int row2, int column2) {
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int arr1[row1][column1], arr2[row2][column2];
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// take input for first matrix
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for (int i = 0; i < row1; i++) {
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for (int j = 0; j < column1; j++) {
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printf("For first matrix:\n");
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printf("Enter element number [%d][%d]:\n", i + 1, j + 1);
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scanf("%d", &arr1[i][j]);
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}
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}
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printf("================================\n");
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// take input for second matrix
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for (int i = 0; i < row2; i++) {
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for (int j = 0; j < column2; j++) {
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printf("For second matrix:\n");
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printf("Enter element number [%d][%d]:\n", i + 1, j + 1);
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scanf("%d", &arr2[i][j]);
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}
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}
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printf("================================\n");
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// multiplying the two matrixes
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int result[row1][column2];
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for (int i = 0; i < row1; i++) {
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for (int j = 0; j < column2; j++) {
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result[i][j] = 0;
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for (int k = 0; k < column1; k++) {
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// either column1 or row2 can be used
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result[i][j] += arr1[i][k] * arr2[k][j];
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}
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}
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}
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// muliplied matrix
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printf("Result of the product of those two matrixes\n");
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for (int i = 0; i < row1; i++) {
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for (int j = 0; j < column2; j++) {
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printf("%d\t", result[i][j]);
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}
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printf("\n");
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}
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return 0;
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}
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```
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- Takes input for the rows and columns from the user
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- Passes into a function with the name mult_matrix
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- Takes input for the values of those two matrix from the user
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- Multiplies the matrices
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---
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#### LOGIC
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The criteria for the multiplication of two matrices is that,
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the number columns of the first matrix must be the same as the number of rows of
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second matrix.
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example: matrices of order, 2x3 & 3x1
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are eligible for multiplication
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---
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<!-- Add new question above this comment -->
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## License
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Released under [MIT](/LICENSE) by [@ComputeNepal](https://github.com/ComputeNepal).
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[![Website - Visit ComputeNepal](https://img.shields.io/static/v1?label=Website&message=Visit+ComputeNepal&color=2ea44f&logo=RSS)](https://computenepal.com)

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