diff --git a/Source/APU/2A03.cpp b/Source/APU/2A03.cpp
index ad75845a..71de9cc2 100644
--- a/Source/APU/2A03.cpp
+++ b/Source/APU/2A03.cpp
@@ -198,16 +198,16 @@ int C2A03::GetChannelLevelRange(int Channel) const
 }
 
 
-void C2A03::UpdateMixingAPU1(double v) {
+void C2A03::UpdateMixingAPU1(double v, bool UseSurveyMix) {
 	// NSFPlay output waveform ranges from 0 - 8191
-	// should not affect legacy mixing
-	Synth2A03SS.volume(v, 8191);
+	// legacy mixing absolutely requires the range 10000
+	Synth2A03SS.volume(v, UseSurveyMix ? 8191 : 10000);
 }
 
-void C2A03::UpdateMixingAPU2(double v) {
+void C2A03::UpdateMixingAPU2(double v, bool UseSurveyMix) {
 	// NSFPlay output waveform ranges from 0 - 8191
-	// should not affect legacy mixing
-	Synth2A03TND.volume(v, 8191);
+	// legacy mixing absolutely requires the range 10000
+	Synth2A03TND.volume(v, UseSurveyMix ? 8191 : 10000);
 }
 
 void C2A03::ClockSequence()
diff --git a/Source/APU/2A03.h b/Source/APU/2A03.h
index 08ebb3ff..38a03586 100644
--- a/Source/APU/2A03.h
+++ b/Source/APU/2A03.h
@@ -99,8 +99,8 @@ class C2A03 : public CSoundChip2
 	int GetChannelLevelRange(int Channel) const override;
 
 public:
-	void UpdateMixingAPU1(double v);
-	void UpdateMixingAPU2(double v);
+	void UpdateMixingAPU1(double v, bool UseSurveyMix = false);
+	void UpdateMixingAPU2(double v, bool UseSurveyMix = false);
 
 	void	ClockSequence();		// // //
 	
diff --git a/Source/APU/FDS.cpp b/Source/APU/FDS.cpp
index 230c3b13..9a8451c5 100644
--- a/Source/APU/FDS.cpp
+++ b/Source/APU/FDS.cpp
@@ -232,12 +232,7 @@ void CFDS::UpdateMixLevel(double v, bool UseSurveyMix)
 	// (m_SynthFDS: FdsAudio) used to generate output samples between [0..63] inclusive,
 	// but was changed to  [0 .. 63*1152] inclusive to prevent quantization at low volumes.
 
-	if (UseSurveyMix)
-		m_SynthFDS.volume(v, 63 * 1152);
-	else
-		// The following mixing levels match nsfplay's FDS output,
-		// using 2A03 Pulse as a baseline.
-		m_SynthFDS.volume(v * 1.122f, 256 * 1152);
+	m_SynthFDS.volume(UseSurveyMix ? v : (v * 1.122f), UseSurveyMix ? (63 * 1152) : (256 * 1152));
 }
 
 /// Input:
diff --git a/Source/APU/Mixer.cpp b/Source/APU/Mixer.cpp
index 42985d38..37f2885d 100644
--- a/Source/APU/Mixer.cpp
+++ b/Source/APU/Mixer.cpp
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ void CMixer::SetChipLevel(chip_level_t Chip, float Level)
 
 float CMixer::GetAttenuation(bool UseSurveyMix) const
 {
-	float Attenuation = 1.0f;
+	float ATTENUATION_2A03 = 1.0f;
 
 	if (!UseSurveyMix) {
 		const float ATTENUATION_VRC6 = 0.80f;
@@ -161,22 +161,17 @@ float CMixer::GetAttenuation(bool UseSurveyMix) const
 		// Increase headroom if some expansion chips are enabled
 
 		if (m_iExternalChip & SNDCHIP_VRC6)
-			Attenuation *= ATTENUATION_VRC6;
-
+			ATTENUATION_2A03 *= ATTENUATION_VRC6;
 		if (m_iExternalChip & SNDCHIP_VRC7)
-			Attenuation *= ATTENUATION_VRC7;
-
+			ATTENUATION_2A03 *= ATTENUATION_VRC7;
 		if (m_iExternalChip & SNDCHIP_FDS)
-			Attenuation *= ATTENUATION_FDS;
-
+			ATTENUATION_2A03 *= ATTENUATION_FDS;
 		if (m_iExternalChip & SNDCHIP_MMC5)
-			Attenuation *= ATTENUATION_MMC5;
-
+			ATTENUATION_2A03 *= ATTENUATION_MMC5;
 		if (m_iExternalChip & SNDCHIP_N163)
-			Attenuation *= ATTENUATION_N163;
-
+			ATTENUATION_2A03 *= ATTENUATION_N163;
 		if (m_iExternalChip & SNDCHIP_S5B)		// // // 050B
-			Attenuation *= ATTENUATION_S5B;
+			ATTENUATION_2A03 *= ATTENUATION_S5B;
 	}
 	else {
 		// attenuation scaling is exponential based on total chips used
@@ -188,10 +183,10 @@ float CMixer::GetAttenuation(bool UseSurveyMix) const
 		if (m_iExternalChip & SNDCHIP_N163) TotalChipsUsed++;
 		if (m_iExternalChip & SNDCHIP_S5B) TotalChipsUsed++;
 
-		Attenuation *= static_cast<float>(1.0 / (float)TotalChipsUsed);
+		ATTENUATION_2A03 *= static_cast<float>(1.0 / (float)TotalChipsUsed);
 	}
 
-	return Attenuation;
+	return ATTENUATION_2A03;
 }
 
 void CMixer::RecomputeEmuMixState()
@@ -229,8 +224,8 @@ void CMixer::RecomputeEmuMixState()
 
 	// Maybe the range argument, as well as the constant factor in the volume,
 	// should be supplied by the CSoundChip2 subclass rather than CMixer.
-	chip2A03.UpdateMixingAPU1(Volume * m_fLevelAPU1);
-	chip2A03.UpdateMixingAPU2(Volume * m_fLevelAPU2);
+	chip2A03.UpdateMixingAPU1(Volume * m_fLevelAPU1, UseSurveyMixing);
+	chip2A03.UpdateMixingAPU2(Volume * m_fLevelAPU2, UseSurveyMixing);
 	chipFDS.UpdateMixLevel(Volume * m_fLevelFDS, UseSurveyMixing);
 	chipN163.UpdateMixLevel(Volume * m_fLevelN163, UseSurveyMixing);
 
diff --git a/Source/APU/VRC7.cpp b/Source/APU/VRC7.cpp
index 880304ea..b86b80f8 100644
--- a/Source/APU/VRC7.cpp
+++ b/Source/APU/VRC7.cpp
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ void CVRC7::UpdateMixLevel(double v, bool UseSurveyMix)
 	SetDirectVolume(UseSurveyMix ? v : (v * AMPLIFY));
 	
 	// emu2413's waveform output ranges from -4095...4095
-	m_SynthVRC7.volume(v, 8191);
+	m_SynthVRC7.volume(v, UseSurveyMix ? 8191 : 10000);
 }
 
 void CVRC7::UpdatePatchSet(int PatchSelection, bool UseExternalOPLLChip, uint8_t* PatchSet)