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<p>JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) is a text format for the serialization of structured data.</p>

<p>It is derived from the object literals of JavaScript.</p>

<p>JSON can represent four <strong>primitive types</strong> (strings, numbers, booleans, and null) and two <strong>structured types</strong> (objects and arrays)</p>

<h1>Primitive JSON</h1>
<p>Here are four small JSON texts containing only values:<br>
    "Hello world!"<br>
    42<br>
    true<br>
    null
</p>

<h1>Object JSON</h1>

<p>An object structure is represented as a pair of curly brackets surrounding zero or more name/value pairs (or members).</p>

<p>An object is an unordered collection of zero or more name/value pairs</p>

<p>A <strong>name</strong> is a string</p>

<p>A <strong>value</strong> is a string, number, boolean, null, object, or array.</p>

<p>Declare properties using <strong>name:value</strong> pairings separated by commas</p>

<p>Enclose names in curly braces</p>

<p>There is no trailing comma</p>

<p>This is a JSON object:</p>

<pre>
{
    "Image": {
        "Width":  800,
        "Height": 600,
        "Title":  "View from 15th Floor",
        "Thumbnail": {
            "Url":    "http://www.example.com/image/481989943",
            "Height": 125,
            "Width":  100
        },
        "Animated" : false,
        "IDs": [116, 943, 234, 38793]
    }
}
</pre>

<h1>Array JSON</h1>

<p>An array structure is represented as square brackets surrounding zero or more values (or elements).</p>

<p>Elements are separated by commas.</p>

<p>A <strong>value</strong> must be an
<ul>
    <li>object</li>
    <li>array</li>
    <li>number</li>
    <li>string</li>
    <li>three literal names
        <ol>
            <li>true</li>
            <li>false</li>
            <li>null</li>
        </ol>
    </li>
</ul>

<p>This is a JSON array containing two objects:</p>

<pre>
    [
        {
           "precision": "zip",
           "Latitude":  37.7668,
           "Longitude": -122.3959,
           "Address":   "",
           "City":      "SAN FRANCISCO",
           "State":     "CA",
           "Zip":       "94107",
           "Country":   "US"
        },
        {
           "precision": "zip",
           "Latitude":  37.371991,
           "Longitude": -122.026020,
           "Address":   "",
           "City":      "SUNNYVALE",
           "State":     "CA",
           "Zip":       "94085",
           "Country":   "US"
        }
    ]
</pre>

<h1>Number</h1>

<p>The representation of numbers is similar to that used in most programming languages.  A number is represented in base 10 using decimal digits.  It contains an integer component that may be prefixed with an optional minus sign, which may be followed by a fraction part and/or an exponent part.  Leading zeros are not allowed. A fraction part is a decimal point followed by one or more digits.</p>

<h1>String</h1>

<p>The representation of strings is similar to conventions used in the C family of programming languages.  A string begins and ends with quotation marks.</p>

<p><a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7159">source: The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)</a></p>


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