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table-postgres.5
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.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 2013 Eric Faurot <eric@openbsd.org>
.\"
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
.\"
.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
.\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
.\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
.\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
.\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
.\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
.\"
.Dd $Mdocdate: April 21 2024 $
.Dt TABLE_POSTGRESQL 5
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm table_postgresql
.Nd format description for smtpd PostgreSQL tables
.Sh DESCRIPTION
This manual page documents the file format of PostgreSQL tables used
by the
.Xr smtpd 8
mail daemon.
.Pp
The format described here applies to tables as defined in
.Xr smtpd.conf 5 .
.Sh POSTGRESQL TABLE
A postgresql table allows the storing of usernames, passwords, aliases, and
domains in a format that is shareable across various machines that support
.Xr postgres 1 .
.Pp
The table is used by
.Xr smtpd 8
when authenticating a user, when user information such as user-id and/or
home directory is required for a delivery, when a domain lookup may be required,
and/or when looking for an alias.
.Pp
A PostgreSQL table consists of one or more
.Xr postgresql 1
databases with one or more tables.
.Pp
If the table is used for authentication, the password should be
encrypted using the
.Xr crypt 3
function.
Such passwords can be generated using the
.Xr encrypt 1
utility or
.Xr smtpctl 8
encrypt command.
.Sh POSTGRESQL TABLE CONFIG FILE
The following configuration options are available:
.Bl -tag -width Ds
.It Xo
.Ic conninfo
.Cm host Ns = Ns Ar 'host'
.Cm user Ns = Ns Ar 'user'
.Cm password Ns = Ns Ar 'password'
.Cm dbname Ns = Ns Ar 'dbname'
.Xc
Connection info needed to connect to the PostgreSQL database.
For example:
.Pp
.Bd -literal -compact
conninfo host='db.example.com' user='maildba' password='...' dbname='opensmtpdb'
.Ed
.It Xo
.Ic query_alias
.Ar SQL statement
.Xc
This is used to provide a query to look up aliases.
The question mark is replaced with the appropriate data.
For alias it is the left hand side of the SMTP address.
This expects one VARCHAR to be returned with the user name the alias
resolves to.
.It Xo
.Ic query_credentials
.Ar SQL statement
.Xc
This is used to provide a query for looking up user credentials.
The question mark is replaced with the appropriate data.
For credentials it is the left hand side of the SMTP address.
The query expects that there are two VARCHARS returned, one with a user
name and one with a password in
.Xr crypt 3
format.
.It Xo
.Ic query_domain
.Ar SQL statement
.Xc
This is used to provide a query for looking up a domain.
The question mark is replaced with the appropriate data.
For the domain it would be the right hand side of the SMTP address.
This expects one VARCHAR to be returned with a matching domain name.
.It Xo
.Ic query_mailaddrmap
.Ar SQL statement
.Xc
This is used to provide a query to look up senders.
The question mark is replaced with the appropriate data.
This expects one VARCHAR to be returned with the address the sender
is allowed to send mails from.
.El
.Pp
A generic SQL statement would be something like:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
query_ SELECT value FROM table WHERE key=$1;
.Ed
.Sh FILES
.Bl -tag -width "/etc/mail/postgres.conf" -compact
.It Pa /etc/mail/postgres.conf
Default
.Xr table-postgresql 5
configuration file.
.El
.Sh EXAMPLES
.Ss GENERIC EXAMPLE
Example based on the OpenSMTPD FAQ: Building a Mail Server
The filtering part is excluded in this example.
.Pp
The configuration below is for a medium-size mail server which handles
multiple domains with multiple virtual users and is based on several
assumptions.
One is that a single system user named vmail is used for all virtual users.
This user needs to be created:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
# useradd -g =uid -c "Virtual Mail" -d /var/vmail -s /sbin/nologin vmail
# mkdir /var/vmail
# chown vmail:vmail /var/vmail
.Ed
.Pp
PostgreSQL schema:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
CREATE TABLE domains (
id SERIAL,
domain VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT ''
);
CREATE TABLE virtuals (
id SERIAL,
email VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
destination VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT ''
);
CREATE TABLE credentials (
id SERIAL,
email VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
password VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT ''
);
.Ed
.Pp
That can be populated as follows:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
INSERT INTO domains VALUES (1, "example.com");
INSERT INTO domains VALUES (2, "example.net");
INSERT INTO domains VALUES (3, "example.org");
INSERT INTO virtuals VALUES (1, "abuse@example.com", "bob@example.com");
INSERT INTO virtuals VALUES (2, "postmaster@example.com", "bob@example.com");
INSERT INTO virtuals VALUES (3, "webmaster@example.com", "bob@example.com");
INSERT INTO virtuals VALUES (4, "bob@example.com", "vmail");
INSERT INTO virtuals VALUES (5, "abuse@example.net", "alice@example.net");
INSERT INTO virtuals VALUES (6, "postmaster@example.net", "alice@example.net");
INSERT INTO virtuals VALUES (7, "webmaster@example.net", "alice@example.net");
INSERT INTO virtuals VALUES (8, "alice@example.net", "vmail");
INSERT INTO credentials VALUES (1, "bob@example.com", "$2b$08$ANGFKBL.BnDLL0bUl7I6aumTCLRJSQluSQLuueWRG.xceworWrUIu");
INSERT INTO credentials VALUES (2, "alice@example.net", "$2b$08$AkHdB37kaj2NEoTcISHSYOCEBA5vyW1RcD8H1HG.XX0P/G1KIYwii");
.Ed
.Pp
.Pa /etc/mail/postgresql.conf
.Bd -literal -offset indent
conninfo host='db.example.com' user='maildba' password='OpenSMTPDRules!' dbname='opensmtpdb'
query_alias SELECT destination FROM virtuals WHERE email=$1;
query_credentials SELECT email, password FROM credentials WHERE email=$1;
query_domain SELECT domain FROM domains WHERE domain=$1;
.Ed
.Pp
.Pa /etc/mail/smtpd.conf
.Bd -literal -offset indent
table domains postgres:/etc/mail/postgres.conf
table virtuals postgres:/etc/mail/postgres.conf
table credentials postgres:/etc/mail/postgres.conf
listen on egress port 25 tls pki mail.example.com
listen on egress port 587 tls-require pki mail.example.com auth <credentials>
accept from any for domain <domains> virtual <virtuals> deliver to mbox
.Ed
.Ss MOVING FROM POSTFIX (& POSTFIXADMIN)
.Pa /etc/mail/postgres.conf
.Bd -literal -offset indent
conninfo host='db.example.com' user='postfix' password='...' dbname='postfix'
query_alias SELECT destination FROM alias WHERE email=$1;
query_credentials SELECT username, password FROM mailbox WHERE username=$1;
query_domain SELECT domain FROM domain WHERE domain=$1;
.Ed
.Pp
The rest of the config remains the same.
.Sh TODO
Documenting the following query options:
.Bd -literal -offset indent -compact
.Ic query_netaddr
.Ic query_userinfo
.Ic query_source
.Ic query_mailaddr
.Ic query_addrname
.Ed
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr encrypt 1 ,
.Xr crypt 3 ,
.Xr smtpd.conf 5 ,
.Xr smtpctl 8 ,
.Xr smtpd 8
.Sh HISTORY
The first version of
.Nm
was written in 2016.
It was converted to the stdio table protocol in 2024.
.Sh AUTHORS
.An -nosplit
.Nm
was initially written by
.An Gilles Chehade Aq Mt gilles@poolp.org .
The conversion to the stdio table protocol was done by
.An Omar Polo Aq Mt op@openbsd.org .