inheritance.md

➲ Inheritance:

Inheritance is a fundamental concept in object-oriented programming that allows to create new classes with properties and methods of existing classes. It promotes code reusability and helps to organize complex application systems.

☴ Overview:

1. Extending Classes
2. Overriding Methods
3. Key Points

✦ Extending Classes:

To create a new class by inheriting from an existing class, with the use of extends keyword: It can access only public and protected properties and methods of the parent class.

Example:

// existing parent class
class ParentClass {
    public function parentMethod() {
        echo "Parent method";
    }
}

// Creating new class by inheriting the properties and methods
class ChildClass extends ParentClass {
    public function childMethod() {
        echo "Child method";
    }
}

✦ Overriding Methods:

To override a extended method in a child class to provide a specific implementation:

Example:

class Shape {
    public function draw() {
        echo "Drawing shape";
    }
}

class Circle extends Shape {
    public function draw() {
        echo "Drawing circle";
    }
}

✦ Key Points:

• A child class can inherits all public and protected properties and methods from parent class.
• A child class can override extended methods of parent class.
• A child class can add own properties and methods.
• To access the parent class methods within the child class, Use parent keyword.

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