Logistic_Regression_LDA_QDA_KNN.R

# Chapter 4 Lab: Logistic Regression, LDA, QDA, and KNN

# The Stock Market Data

library(ISLR)
names(Smarket)
dim(Smarket)
summary(Smarket)
pairs(Smarket)
cor(Smarket)
cor(Smarket[,-9])
attach(Smarket)
plot(Volume)

# Logistic Regression

glm.fit=glm(Direction~Lag1+Lag2+Lag3+Lag4+Lag5+Volume,data=Smarket,family=binomial)
summary(glm.fit)
coef(glm.fit)
summary(glm.fit)$coef
summary(glm.fit)$coef[,4]
glm.probs=predict(glm.fit,type="response")
glm.probs[1:10]
contrasts(Direction)
glm.pred=rep("Down",1250)
glm.pred[glm.probs>.5]="Up"
table(glm.pred,Direction)
mean(glm.pred==Direction)
train=(Year<2005)
Smarket.2005=Smarket[!train,]
dim(Smarket.2005)
Direction.2005=Direction[!train]
glm.fit=glm(Direction~Lag1+Lag2+Lag3+Lag4+Lag5+Volume,data=Smarket,family=binomial,subset=train)
glm.probs=predict(glm.fit,Smarket.2005,type="response")
glm.pred=rep("Down",252)
glm.pred[glm.probs>.5]="Up"
table(glm.pred,Direction.2005)
mean(glm.pred==Direction.2005)
mean(glm.pred!=Direction.2005)
glm.fit=glm(Direction~Lag1+Lag2,data=Smarket,family=binomial,subset=train)
glm.probs=predict(glm.fit,Smarket.2005,type="response")
glm.pred=rep("Down",252)
glm.pred[glm.probs>.5]="Up"
table(glm.pred,Direction.2005)
mean(glm.pred==Direction.2005)
predict(glm.fit,newdata=data.frame(Lag1=c(1.2,1.5),Lag2=c(1.1,-0.8)),type="response")

# Linear Discriminant Analysis

library(MASS)
lda.fit=lda(Direction~Lag1+Lag2,data=Smarket,subset=train)
lda.fit
plot(lda.fit)
lda.pred=predict(lda.fit, Smarket.2005)
names(lda.pred)
lda.class=lda.pred$class
table(lda.class,Direction.2005)
mean(lda.class==Direction.2005)
sum(lda.pred$posterior[,1]>=.5)
sum(lda.pred$posterior[,1]<.5)
lda.pred$posterior[1:20,1]
lda.class[1:20]
sum(lda.pred$posterior[,1]>.9)

# Quadratic Discriminant Analysis

qda.fit=qda(Direction~Lag1+Lag2,data=Smarket,subset=train)
qda.fit
qda.class=predict(qda.fit,Smarket.2005)$class
table(qda.class,Direction.2005)
mean(qda.class==Direction.2005)

# K-Nearest Neighbors

library(class)
train.X=cbind(Lag1,Lag2)[train,]
test.X=cbind(Lag1,Lag2)[!train,]
train.Direction=Direction[train]
set.seed(1)
knn.pred=knn(train.X,test.X,train.Direction,k=1)
table(knn.pred,Direction.2005)
knn.pred=knn(train.X,test.X,train.Direction,k=3)
table(knn.pred,Direction.2005)
mean(knn.pred==Direction.2005)