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atom.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
<title>Hexo</title>
<link href="http://example.com/atom.xml" rel="self"/>
<link href="http://example.com/"/>
<updated>2023-01-16T03:15:08.000Z</updated>
<id>http://example.com/</id>
<author>
<name>TQ</name>
</author>
<generator uri="https://hexo.io/">Hexo</generator>
<entry>
<title>linux网卡命名规范</title>
<link href="http://example.com/2023/01/16/linux%E7%BD%91%E5%8D%A1%E5%91%BD%E5%90%8D%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83/"/>
<id>http://example.com/2023/01/16/linux%E7%BD%91%E5%8D%A1%E5%91%BD%E5%90%8D%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83/</id>
<published>2023-01-15T16:00:00.000Z</published>
<updated>2023-01-16T03:15:08.000Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h2 id="biosdevname-和-net-ifnames-两种命名规范"><a href="#biosdevname-和-net-ifnames-两种命名规范" class="headerlink" title="biosdevname 和 net.ifnames 两种命名规范"></a>biosdevname 和 net.ifnames 两种命名规范</h2><h3 id="net-ifnames"><a href="#net-ifnames" class="headerlink" title="net.ifnames"></a>net.ifnames</h3><p>net.ifnames 的命名规范为: 设备类型+设备位置+数字</p><p>设备类型：</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">en 表示Ethernet</span><br><span class="line">wl 表示WLAN</span><br><span class="line">ww 表示无线广域网WWAN</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>实际的例子:</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">eno1 板载网卡</span><br><span class="line">enp0s2 pci网卡</span><br><span class="line">ens33 pci网卡</span><br><span class="line">wlp3s0 PCI无线网卡</span><br><span class="line">wwp0s29f7u2i2 4G modem</span><br><span class="line">wlp0s2f1u4u1 连接在USB Hub上的无线网卡</span><br><span class="line">enx78e7d1ea46da pci网卡</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="biosdevname"><a href="#biosdevname" class="headerlink" title="biosdevname"></a>biosdevname</h3><p>biosdevname 的命名规范为：</p><p>实际的例子:</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">em1 板载网卡</span><br><span class="line">p3p4 pci网卡</span><br><span class="line">p3p4_1 虚拟网卡</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p><a href="https://www.aikaiyuan.com/12535.html">CentOS 7 CentOS 8 网卡命名规则</a></p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><h2 id="biosdevname-和-net-ifnames-两种命名规范"><a href="#biosdevname-和-net-ifnames-两种命名规范" class="headerlink" title="biosdevname 和 net.ifnames 两种</summary>
<category term="linux" scheme="http://example.com/categories/linux/"/>
<category term="网卡" scheme="http://example.com/tags/%E7%BD%91%E5%8D%A1/"/>
<category term="网卡命名规则" scheme="http://example.com/tags/%E7%BD%91%E5%8D%A1%E5%91%BD%E5%90%8D%E8%A7%84%E5%88%99/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>网卡mac漂移</title>
<link href="http://example.com/2023/01/16/%E7%BD%91%E5%8D%A1mac%E6%BC%82%E7%A7%BB/"/>
<id>http://example.com/2023/01/16/%E7%BD%91%E5%8D%A1mac%E6%BC%82%E7%A7%BB/</id>
<published>2023-01-15T16:00:00.000Z</published>
<updated>2023-01-16T08:04:16.000Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p><strong>最近遇到一个非常神奇的事情，万兆双口的网卡mac在特定情况下会发生漂移</strong></p><h4 id="设备1"><a href="#设备1" class="headerlink" title="设备1"></a>设备1</h4><p>设备名：X9DRi-LN4+/X9DR3-LN4+（微星的机器）</p><p>网卡型号：Intel Corporation 82599ES 10-Gigabit（万兆双光口）</p><p><a href="https://cn.fs.com/products/135978.html">网卡链接</a></p><p>系统内核：5.X</p><p>网口命名规则：biosdevname=1 net.ifnames=0</p><p>实际网卡名： eth0、eth3</p><h4 id="设备2"><a href="#设备2" class="headerlink" title="设备2"></a>设备2</h4><p>设备名：PowerEdge R720xd（戴尔的机器）</p><p>网卡型号：Intel Corporation 82599ES 10-Gigabit（万兆双光口）</p><p>系统内核5.X</p><p>网卡命名规则：biosdevname=1 net.ifnames=0</p><p>实际网卡名：p6p1、p6p2</p><p>从网卡名来看，设备1的网卡没有遵循biosdevname的命名规则，当然，出问题的也就是这台机器。</p><p>设备1的机器在正常情况下网卡的mac不会发生漂移，但是如果网卡的配置文件发生变化（硬修改网卡名会碰这个文件），则这两张网卡的mac就会发生漂移（比如说之前mac1所在的网卡是同的，漂移之后mac1所在的网卡就变成不通的了），网卡名则是随机生成的。</p><p>造成这种漂移的原因应该与主板bios的配置或者是主板的兼容性有关（猜的），毕竟正规厂商的机器就没有这种问题</p><p>所以如果遇到组装机用万兆双光口的机器，改网卡名还是开机自启软改比较好</p><p><a href="https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1349194">Linux查看网卡型号、驱动版本、队列数</a></p><h3 id="如何辨别网卡是否为双出口"><a href="#如何辨别网卡是否为双出口" class="headerlink" title="如何辨别网卡是否为双出口"></a>如何辨别网卡是否为双出口</h3><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[root@/]# ethtool -i eth0</span><br><span class="line">driver: ixgbe</span><br><span class="line">version: 5.9.4</span><br><span class="line">firmware-version: 0x800003df, 255.65535.255</span><br><span class="line">expansion-rom-version: </span><br><span class="line">bus-info: 0000:88:00.0</span><br><span class="line">supports-statistics: yes</span><br><span class="line">supports-test: yes</span><br><span class="line">supports-eeprom-access: yes</span><br><span class="line">supports-register-dump: yes</span><br><span class="line">supports-priv-flags: yes</span><br><span class="line">[root@/]# ethtool -i eth66</span><br><span class="line">driver: ixgbe</span><br><span class="line">version: 5.9.4</span><br><span class="line">firmware-version: 0x800003df, 255.65535.255</span><br><span class="line">expansion-rom-version: </span><br><span class="line">bus-info: 0000:88:00.1</span><br><span class="line">supports-statistics: yes</span><br><span class="line">supports-test: yes</span><br><span class="line">supports-eeprom-access: yes</span><br><span class="line">supports-register-dump: yes</span><br><span class="line">supports-priv-flags: yes</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>两个网卡的pci地址都一样<br>bus-info: 0000:88:00.0<br>bus-info: 0000:88:00.1</p><p>或者直接lscpi查看网卡</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[root@340915f192636271a3bcfbaf9be1b8ea /]# lspci|grep Eth</span><br><span class="line">88:00.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82599ES 10-Gigabit SFI/SFP+ Network Connection (rev 01)</span><br><span class="line">88:00.1 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82599ES 10-Gigabit SFI/SFP+ Network Connection (rev 01)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>这就是双出口的pci地址</p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><p><strong>最近遇到一个非常神奇的事情，万兆双口的网卡mac在特定情况下会发生漂移</strong></p>
<h4 id="设备1"><a href="#设备1" class="headerlink" title="设备1"></a>设备1</h4><p>设备名：X9</summary>
<category term="linux" scheme="http://example.com/categories/linux/"/>
<category term="网卡" scheme="http://example.com/tags/%E7%BD%91%E5%8D%A1/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>shell显示百分比</title>
<link href="http://example.com/2022/11/18/shell%E6%98%BE%E7%A4%BA%E7%99%BE%E5%88%86%E6%AF%94/"/>
<id>http://example.com/2022/11/18/shell%E6%98%BE%E7%A4%BA%E7%99%BE%E5%88%86%E6%AF%94/</id>
<published>2022-11-17T16:00:00.000Z</published>
<updated>2022-11-02T01:52:48.000Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p>awk ‘BEGIN{printf “%.2f%\n”,’$a’/‘$b’*100}’ </p><p>echo <code>echo "scale=2;$a/6"|bc</code>%</p><p>awk ‘BEGIN{printf “%.2f%\n”,’$a’/‘$b’*100}’ </p><p>echo <code>echo "scale=2;$a/6"|bc</code>%</p><p> shell计算中使用除法，基本默认上都是整除。</p><p>比如：</p><p>num1=2</p><p>num2=3</p><p>num3=<code>expr $num1 / $num2</code></p><p>这个时候num3=0 ,是因为是因为expr不支持浮点除法</p><p>解决的方法：</p><p>num3=<code>echo "sclae=2; $num1/$num2" | bc</code></p><p>使用bc工具，sclae控制小数点后保留几位</p><p>还有一种方法</p><p>awk ‘BEGIN{printf “%.2f\n”,’$num1‘/’$num2‘}’</p><p>如果用百分比表示</p><p>awk ‘BEGIN{printf “%.2f%\n”,(’$num1‘/’$num2‘)*100}’</p><p>参考链接：<a href="https://blog.csdn.net/chengxuyuanyonghu/article/details/47956713">shell 显示百分数</a></p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><p>awk ‘BEGIN{printf “%.2f%\n”,’$a’&#x2F;‘$b’*100}’ </p>
<p>echo <code>echo &quot;scale=2;$a/6&quot;|bc</code>%</p>
<p>awk ‘BEGIN{printf “%.</summary>
<category term="shell" scheme="http://example.com/categories/shell/"/>
<category term="百分比" scheme="http://example.com/tags/%E7%99%BE%E5%88%86%E6%AF%94/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>EFI、UEFI、MBR、GPT的区别</title>
<link href="http://example.com/2022/11/17/EFI%E3%80%81UEFI%E3%80%81MBR%E3%80%81GPT%E7%9A%84%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%AB/"/>
<id>http://example.com/2022/11/17/EFI%E3%80%81UEFI%E3%80%81MBR%E3%80%81GPT%E7%9A%84%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%AB/</id>
<published>2022-11-16T16:00:00.000Z</published>
<updated>2022-10-18T03:21:16.000Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h3 id="CSM"><a href="#CSM" class="headerlink" title="CSM"></a>CSM</h3><p>CSM（兼容性支持模块）是BIOS上Boot选项里的一个下拉子项目（一些老的主板上没有此选项），与Secure Boot（安全启动）是并列项。 CSM开启使得可以支持UEFI启动和非UEFI启动。 若是需要启动传统MBR设备，则需开启CSM。 关闭CSM则变成纯UEFI启动，且完全支持安全启动。</p><h3 id="UEFI"><a href="#UEFI" class="headerlink" title="UEFI"></a>UEFI</h3><p>UEFI属于主板类名词，其作用类似于BIOS。</p><h2 id="分区类型"><a href="#分区类型" class="headerlink" title="分区类型"></a>分区类型</h2><h3 id="简介"><a href="#简介" class="headerlink" title="简介"></a>简介</h3><p>GPT、MBR则属于硬盘类名词，它们的作用类似一艘航母的骨架，有了这个骨架，我们才可以进行细致到诸如C、D、E等盘符的分区。</p><p>一块硬盘接驳主机之后，它的首要任务建立分区列表，分区列表有MBR和GPT两种，其中MBR分区列表支持最大2TB硬盘，GPT分区列表支持最大128PB(1PB=1024TB)。</p><h3 id="GPT分区列表"><a href="#GPT分区列表" class="headerlink" title="GPT分区列表"></a>GPT分区列表</h3><p>GPT（GUID Partition Table）：即全局唯一标识分区列表，是一个物理硬盘的分区结构。它用来替代BIOS中的主引导记录分区表（MBR）。</p><h3 id="MBR分区列表"><a href="#MBR分区列表" class="headerlink" title="MBR分区列表"></a>MBR分区列表</h3><p>MBR（Master Boot Record）：即硬盘的主引导记录分区列表，在主引导扇区，位于硬盘的cylinder 0， head 0， sector 1 （Sector是从1开始的）。</p><h2 id="UEFI、BIOS和MBR、GPT之间的关系？"><a href="#UEFI、BIOS和MBR、GPT之间的关系？" class="headerlink" title="UEFI、BIOS和MBR、GPT之间的关系？"></a>UEFI、BIOS和MBR、GPT之间的关系？</h2><p>我们从名词解析可得知，传统BIOS不支持GPT分区列表，仅支持MBR格式。UEFI则是取代传统BIOS，它不支持MBR模式，仅支持GPT格式。</p><p>延伸阅读:近两年出现的UEFI主板，采用UEFI+BIOS共存模式，并且BIOS中集成UEFI启动项。</p><h3 id="启动盘的启动参数"><a href="#启动盘的启动参数" class="headerlink" title="启动盘的启动参数"></a>启动盘的启动参数</h3><p>不同启动类型(uefi/bios),制作启动盘的参数也不同</p><p>启动为 UEFI(非 CSM,不兼容传统的 BIOS 启动),分区类型为 GPT</p><p>启动为 BIOS 或 UFEI(兼容传统的 BIOS 启动),分区类型为 MBR</p><p>参考：<a href="https://blog.51cto.com/u_3619476/3735286">EFI、UEFI、MBR、GPT的区别</a></p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><h3 id="CSM"><a href="#CSM" class="headerlink" title="CSM"></a>CSM</h3><p>CSM（兼容性支持模块）是BIOS上Boot选项里的一个下拉子项目（一些老的主板上没有此选项），与Secure Boot（安全启动）</summary>
<category term="linux" scheme="http://example.com/categories/linux/"/>
<category term="系统" scheme="http://example.com/tags/%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>ipv6详解</title>
<link href="http://example.com/2022/11/02/ipv6/"/>
<id>http://example.com/2022/11/02/ipv6/</id>
<published>2022-11-01T16:00:00.000Z</published>
<updated>2022-11-02T01:58:00.000Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h3 id="简介"><a href="#简介" class="headerlink" title="简介"></a>简介</h3><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">fe80开头就像169.254.x.x，是这个网段里没人给你分ip，自动协商的地址，其地址不能在网络上路由，也就是说，通常无法用于上网</span><br><span class="line">现在各大运营商用的ipv6</span><br><span class="line">电信是240e开头的（240e::/20）</span><br><span class="line">移动是2409开头的（2409:8000::/20）</span><br><span class="line">联通是2408开头的（2408:8000::/20）</span><br><span class="line">其他一些标记有teredo也不是原生ipv6</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><h3 id="简介"><a href="#简介" class="headerlink" title="简介"></a>简介</h3><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><s</summary>
<category term="linux网络" scheme="http://example.com/categories/linux%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C/"/>
<category term="ipv6" scheme="http://example.com/tags/ipv6/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>shell创建随机数</title>
<link href="http://example.com/2022/11/02/shell%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E9%9A%8F%E6%9C%BA%E6%95%B0/"/>
<id>http://example.com/2022/11/02/shell%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E9%9A%8F%E6%9C%BA%E6%95%B0/</id>
<published>2022-11-01T16:00:00.000Z</published>
<updated>2022-11-02T01:58:18.000Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h3 id="使用linux-uuid"><a href="#使用linux-uuid" class="headerlink" title="使用linux uuid"></a>使用linux uuid</h3><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">#!/bin/bash</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">function rand(){</span><br><span class="line"> min=$1</span><br><span class="line"> max=$(($2-$min+1))</span><br><span class="line"> num=$(cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/uuid | cksum | awk -F ' ' '{print $1}')</span><br><span class="line"> echo $(($num%$max+$min))</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">rnd=$(rand 100 500)</span><br><span class="line">echo $rnd</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="参考链接"><a href="#参考链接" class="headerlink" title="参考链接"></a>参考链接</h3><p><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/fdipzone/article/details/24329523">shell 生成指定范围随机数与随机字符串</a></p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><h3 id="使用linux-uuid"><a href="#使用linux-uuid" class="headerlink" title="使用linux uuid"></a>使用linux uuid</h3><figure class="highlight plaintex</summary>
<category term="shell" scheme="http://example.com/categories/shell/"/>
<category term="随机数" scheme="http://example.com/tags/%E9%9A%8F%E6%9C%BA%E6%95%B0/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>python拉取elk的数据</title>
<link href="http://example.com/2022/10/06/elk%E6%8B%89%E5%8F%96%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE/"/>
<id>http://example.com/2022/10/06/elk%E6%8B%89%E5%8F%96%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE/</id>
<published>2022-10-05T16:00:00.000Z</published>
<updated>2022-10-18T03:21:26.000Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p>使用python中的elasticsearch模块拉取数据，注意elasticsearch模块的版本要与ekl的版本一致（大版本上）</p><h3 id="获取elk的服务信息"><a href="#获取elk的服务信息" class="headerlink" title="获取elk的服务信息"></a>获取elk的服务信息</h3><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[root@Fish ~]# curl 192.168.3.111:9200</span><br><span class="line">{</span><br><span class="line"> "name" : "elk-masterX",</span><br><span class="line"> "cluster_name" : "XXX",</span><br><span class="line"> "cluster_uuid" : "XXX",</span><br><span class="line"> "version" : {</span><br><span class="line"> "number" : "7.5.0",</span><br><span class="line"> "build_flavor" : "default",</span><br><span class="line"> "build_type" : "tar",</span><br><span class="line"> "build_hash" : "e9ccaed468e2fac2275a3761849",</span><br><span class="line"> "build_date" : "2021-11-26T01:06:52.518XXXX",</span><br><span class="line"> "build_snapshot" : false,</span><br><span class="line"> "lucene_version" : "8.3.0",</span><br><span class="line"> "minimum_wire_compatibility_version" : "6.8.0",</span><br><span class="line"> "minimum_index_compatibility_version" : "6.0.0-beta1"</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> "tagline" : "You Know, for Search"</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p><strong>如果elk使用https证书认证</strong></p><p>使用如下方法获取elk信息</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">curl --user user:pwd https://192.168.0.3:9200 -k</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>curl -k 可以跳过证书认证</p><h4 id="elk的版本是-7-5-0，所以elasticsearch-模块的大版本也要是7的版本"><a href="#elk的版本是-7-5-0，所以elasticsearch-模块的大版本也要是7的版本" class="headerlink" title="elk的版本是 7.5.0，所以elasticsearch 模块的大版本也要是7的版本"></a>elk的版本是 7.5.0，所以elasticsearch 模块的大版本也要是7的版本</h4><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">pip3 install elasticsearch==7.13.0</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="查看elasticsearch的版本"><a href="#查看elasticsearch的版本" class="headerlink" title="查看elasticsearch的版本"></a>查看elasticsearch的版本</h4><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">pip3 list|grep el</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="python连接elasticsearch失败"><a href="#python连接elasticsearch失败" class="headerlink" title="python连接elasticsearch失败"></a>python连接elasticsearch失败</h3><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">“URL must include a ‘scheme’, ‘host’, and ‘port’ component (ie ‘https://localhost:9200’)”</span><br><span class="line">ValueError: URL must include a ‘scheme’, ‘host’, and ‘port’ component (ie ‘https://localhost:9200’)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">pip3 uninstall elasticsearch</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">pip3 install elasticsearch==7.13.0</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><p>使用python中的elasticsearch模块拉取数据，注意elasticsearch模块的版本要与ekl的版本一致（大版本上）</p>
<h3 id="获取elk的服务信息"><a href="#获取elk的服务信息" class="headerlink" title</summary>
<category term="linux" scheme="http://example.com/categories/linux/"/>
<category term="linux" scheme="http://example.com/tags/linux/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>系统封装的一些异常报错</title>
<link href="http://example.com/2022/09/20/%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%B0%81%E8%A3%85%E7%9A%84%E5%BC%82%E5%B8%B8/"/>
<id>http://example.com/2022/09/20/%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%B0%81%E8%A3%85%E7%9A%84%E5%BC%82%E5%B8%B8/</id>
<published>2022-09-19T16:00:00.000Z</published>
<updated>2022-09-20T09:03:12.000Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h3 id="内核获取方式"><a href="#内核获取方式" class="headerlink" title="内核获取方式"></a>内核获取方式</h3><p><a href="https://mirrors.aliyun.com/elrepo/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/">centos内核大全</a></p><h3 id="error-populating-transaction-anaconda-is-retrying"><a href="#error-populating-transaction-anaconda-is-retrying" class="headerlink" title="error populating transaction anaconda is retrying"></a>error populating transaction anaconda is retrying</h3><p>安装系统时报这个错，估计是改了Package文件夹里的内容后没更新repodata里面的索引，直接就封装了</p><p>解决方法：更新repodata里的索引就行</p><p>详细操作间『linux_iso镜像解析』</p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><h3 id="内核获取方式"><a href="#内核获取方式" class="headerlink" title="内核获取方式"></a>内核获取方式</h3><p><a href="https://mirrors.aliyun.com/elrepo/kernel/el7/</summary>
<category term="linux" scheme="http://example.com/categories/linux/"/>
<category term="系统" scheme="http://example.com/tags/%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F/"/>
<category term="异常" scheme="http://example.com/tags/%E5%BC%82%E5%B8%B8/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>systemctl,Systemd 入门教程</title>
<link href="http://example.com/2022/09/05/systemed%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8/"/>
<id>http://example.com/2022/09/05/systemed%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8/</id>
<published>2022-09-04T16:00:00.000Z</published>
<updated>2022-09-20T08:54:18.000Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h3 id="简介"><a href="#简介" class="headerlink" title="简介"></a>简介</h3><p><a href="https://www.ruanyifeng.com/blog/2016/03/systemd-tutorial-commands.html">Systemd 入门教程：命令篇</a></p><h3 id="systemctl命令"><a href="#systemctl命令" class="headerlink" title="systemctl命令"></a>systemctl命令</h3><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">systemctl list-units ##列出当前系统服务的状态</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">systemctl list-unit-files ##列出服务的开机状态</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">systemctl status sshd ##查看指定服务的状态</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">systemctl stop sshd ##关闭指定服务</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">systemctl start sshd ##开启指定服务</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">systemctl restart sshd ##从新启动服务</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">systemctl enable sshd ##设定指定服务开机开启</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">systemctl disable sshd ##设定指定服务开机关闭</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">systemctl reload sshd ##使指定服务从新加载配置</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">systemctl list-dependencies sshd ##查看指定服务的倚赖关系</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">systemctl mask sshd ##冻结指定服务</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">systemctl unmask sshd ##启用服务</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">systemctl set-default multi-user.target ##开机不开启图形</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">systemctl set-default graphical.target ##开机启动图形</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="服务状态"><a href="#服务状态" class="headerlink" title="服务状态"></a>服务状态</h3><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">loaded ##系统服务已经初始化完成，加载过配置</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">active（running） ##正有一个或多个程序正在系统中执行， vsftpd就是这种模式</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">atcive（exited） ##僅執行一次就正常結束的服務， 目前並沒有任何程序在系統中執行</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">atcive（waiting） ##正在執行當中，不過還再等待其他的事件才能继续处理</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">inactive ##服务关闭</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">enbaled ##服务开机启动</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">disabled ##服务开机不自启</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">static ##服务开机启动项不可被管理</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">failed ##系统配置错误</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><h3 id="简介"><a href="#简介" class="headerlink" title="简介"></a>简介</h3><p><a href="https://www.ruanyifeng.com/blog/2016/03/systemd-tutorial-comm</summary>
<category term="systemed" scheme="http://example.com/categories/systemed/"/>
<category term="简介" scheme="http://example.com/tags/%E7%AE%80%E4%BB%8B/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>shell并发操作</title>
<link href="http://example.com/2022/08/17/shell%E5%B9%B6%E5%8F%91/"/>
<id>http://example.com/2022/08/17/shell%E5%B9%B6%E5%8F%91/</id>
<published>2022-08-16T16:00:00.000Z</published>
<updated>2022-09-20T08:55:00.000Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h3 id="普通多进程"><a href="#普通多进程" class="headerlink" title="普通多进程"></a>普通多进程</h3><h4 id="原理"><a href="#原理" class="headerlink" title="原理"></a>原理</h4><p>shell中实现并发，就是把循环体的命令用&符号放入后台运行，1000个任务就会并发1000个线程，运行时间2s左右，比起方案一的1000s，已经非常快了。</p><h4 id="例子"><a href="#例子" class="headerlink" title="例子"></a>例子</h4><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">#!/bin/bash</span><br><span class="line"># bam to bed</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">date # 脚本开始时间</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">for ((i=1;i<=1000;i++))</span><br><span class="line">do</span><br><span class="line">{</span><br><span class="line"> sleep 1 #sleep 1用以模仿执行一条命令需要花费的时间（可以用真实命令来代替）</span><br><span class="line"> echo 'success'$i; </span><br><span class="line"> }& #用{}把循环体括起来，后加一个&符号，代表每次循环都把命令放入后台运行</span><br><span class="line"> #一旦放入后台，就意味着{}里面的命令交给操作系统的一个线程处理了</span><br><span class="line"> #循环了1000次，就有1000个&将任务放入后台，操作系统会并发1000个线程来处理 </span><br><span class="line">done </span><br><span class="line">wait #wait命令表示。等待上面的命令（放入后台的任务）都执行完毕了再往下执行</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line">date # 脚本结束时间</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="使用FIFO实现“多进程”"><a href="#使用FIFO实现“多进程”" class="headerlink" title="使用FIFO实现“多进程”"></a>使用FIFO实现“多进程”</h3><p>可以控制每次并发的数量</p><h4 id="原理-1"><a href="#原理-1" class="headerlink" title="原理"></a>原理</h4><p>先新建一个FIFO，写入一些字符。一个进程开始前会先从这个FIFO中读走一个字符，执行完之后再写回一个字符。如果FIFO中没有字符，该线程就会等待，fifo就成了一个锁。</p><h4 id="例子-1"><a href="#例子-1" class="headerlink" title="例子"></a>例子</h4><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">#!/bin/bash</span><br><span class="line"># bam to bed</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">start_time=`date +%s` #定义脚本运行的开始时间</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">tmp_fifofile="/tmp/$$.fifo"</span><br><span class="line">mkfifo $tmp_fifofile # 新建一个FIFO类型的文件</span><br><span class="line">exec 6<>$tmp_fifofile # 将FD6指向FIFO类型</span><br><span class="line">rm $tmp_fifofile #删也可以，</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">thread_num=5 # 定义最大线程数</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">#根据线程总数量设置令牌个数</span><br><span class="line">#事实上就是在fd6中放置了$thread_num个回车符</span><br><span class="line">for ((i=0;i<${thread_num};i++));do</span><br><span class="line"> echo</span><br><span class="line">done >&6</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">for i in data/*.bam # 找到data文件夹下所有bam格式的文件</span><br><span class="line">do</span><br><span class="line"> # 一个read -u6命令执行一次，就从FD6中减去一个回车符，然后向下执行</span><br><span class="line"> # 当FD6中没有回车符时，就停止，从而实现线程数量控制</span><br><span class="line"> read -u6</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> echo "great" # 可以用实际命令代替</span><br><span class="line"> echo >&6 # 当进程结束以后，再向FD6中加上一个回车符，即补上了read -u6减去的那个</span><br><span class="line"> } &</span><br><span class="line">done</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">wait # 要有wait，等待所有线程结束</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">stop_time=`date +%s` # 定义脚本运行的结束时间</span><br><span class="line">echo "TIME:`expr $stop_time - $start_time`" # 输出脚本运行时间</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">exec 6>&- # 关闭FD6</span><br><span class="line">echo "over" # 表示脚本运行结束</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="管道FIFO"><a href="#管道FIFO" class="headerlink" title="管道FIFO"></a>管道FIFO</h3><h4 id="基础知识"><a href="#基础知识" class="headerlink" title="基础知识"></a>基础知识</h4><h5 id="文件描述符（fd）"><a href="#文件描述符（fd）" class="headerlink" title="文件描述符（fd）"></a>文件描述符（fd）</h5><p>Linux shell中的File Descripter（文件描述符，缩写fd）可以理解为一个指向文件的指针。</p><p>默认有三个FD：0，1，2。</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">0 Standard Input 标准输入</span><br><span class="line">1 Standard Output 正确输出</span><br><span class="line">2 Standard Error 错误输出</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>除了上面三个标准的描述符外，我们还可以在进程中去自定义其他的数字作为文件描述符，后面例子中会出现自定义数字。每一个文件描述符会对应一个打开文件，同时，不同的文件描述符也可以对应同一个打开文件；同一个文件可以被不同的进程打开，也可以被同一个进程多次打开。(跟匿名管道相比；普通管道：私家车，FIFO管道：公车)</p><h5 id="命名管道"><a href="#命名管道" class="headerlink" title="命名管道"></a>命名管道</h5><p>我们之前接触过的管道“1”，其实叫做匿名管道，它左边的输出作为右边命令的输入。这个匿名管道只能为两边的命令提供服务，它是无法让其他进程连接的。</p><p>实际上，这两个进程（cat和less）并不知道管道的存在，它们只是从标准文件描述符中读取数据和写入数据。</p><p>另外一种管道叫做命名管道，英文（First In First Out，简称FIFO）。</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">FIFO本质上和匿名管道的功能一样，只不过它有一些特点：</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">1）在文件系统中，FIFO拥有名称，并且是以设备特俗文件的形式存在的；</span><br><span class="line">2）任何进程都可以通过FIFO共享数据；</span><br><span class="line">3）除非FIFO两端同时有读与写的进程，否则FIFO的数据流通将会阻塞；</span><br><span class="line">4）匿名管道是由shell自动创建的，存在于内核中；而FIFO则是由程序创建的（比如mkfifo命令），存在于文件系统中；</span><br><span class="line">5）匿名管道是单向的字节流，而FIFO则是双向的字节流；</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">有了上面的基础知识储备后，下面我们来用FIFO来实现shell的多进程并发控制。</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="参考"><a href="#参考" class="headerlink" title="参考"></a>参考</h3><p><a href="https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/68574239">Linux 1 Shell“ 多线程”，提高工作效率</a></p><p><a href="https://www.cnblogs.com/pugang/p/13268897.html">Linux Shell命名管道FIFO - 多进程动态并发</a></p><p><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/weiyuefei/article/details/38824681">【转】Linux shell IO重定向</a></p><p><a href="https://www.cnblogs.com/chengmo/archive/2010/10/20/1855805.html">linux shell数据重定向（输入重定向与输出重定向）详细分析</a></p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><h3 id="普通多进程"><a href="#普通多进程" class="headerlink" title="普通多进程"></a>普通多进程</h3><h4 id="原理"><a href="#原理" class="headerlink" title="原理"></a>原</summary>
<category term="shell" scheme="http://example.com/categories/shell/"/>
<category term="并发" scheme="http://example.com/tags/%E5%B9%B6%E5%8F%91/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>数据读取模块</title>
<link href="http://example.com/2022/07/11/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E8%AF%BB%E5%8F%96%E6%A8%A1%E5%9D%97/"/>
<id>http://example.com/2022/07/11/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E8%AF%BB%E5%8F%96%E6%A8%A1%E5%9D%97/</id>
<published>2022-07-10T16:00:00.000Z</published>
<updated>2022-09-21T08:25:36.000Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h3 id="读取xlsx文件"><a href="#读取xlsx文件" class="headerlink" title="读取xlsx文件"></a>读取xlsx文件</h3><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">import pandas as pd</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 读取xlsx文件</span><br><span class="line"># 安装 pip3 install openpyxl</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">df_xlsx = pd.read_excel('/root/test2.xlsx', engine='openpyxl', sheet_name='工作表1',keep_default_na=False)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># keep_default_na=False 把空值不变成NaN</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">print(df_xlsx)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> uuid host init_host 地区 运营商 service_name</span><br><span class="line">0 d78230 183.215.145.111 183.215.145.222 湖南 xx</span><br><span class="line">1 46ef0c 111.8.203.111 湖南 移动 xx</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="df为Dataframe格式数据"><a href="#df为Dataframe格式数据" class="headerlink" title="df为Dataframe格式数据"></a>df为Dataframe格式数据</h3><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">df.shape 返回df/表格的形状（几行几列），例如返回值为(2,6)，则该df是2行6列</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">df.shape[0] 返回行数</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">de.shape[1] 返回列数</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">可以使用for循环对df进行操作：</span><br><span class="line">for row in range(0, df_xlsx.shape[0]):</span><br><span class="line"> print(df_xlsx['uuid'][row])</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">将其转换为列表或者字典</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="读取csv文件"><a href="#读取csv文件" class="headerlink" title="读取csv文件"></a>读取csv文件</h3><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">import csv</span><br><span class="line"># 从csv中读取数据</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">with open('/root/test.csv','r', encoding='utf-8') as f:</span><br><span class="line"> lines=csv.reader(f)</span><br><span class="line"> for line in lines:</span><br><span class="line"> print(line)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">['a9e7b4', '福建省', '电信', '845', '1000']</span><br><span class="line">['43908a', '福建省', '电信', '357', '1000']</span><br><span class="line">['8dd28d', '浙江省', '电信', '828', '1000']</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="写入xlsx文件"><a href="#写入xlsx文件" class="headerlink" title="写入xlsx文件"></a>写入xlsx文件</h3><h4 id="其他类型转为Dataframe"><a href="#其他类型转为Dataframe" class="headerlink" title="其他类型转为Dataframe"></a>其他类型转为Dataframe</h4><p>两个字典嵌套转Dataframe</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">>>> import pandas as pd</span><br><span class="line">>>> my_dict = {'i': {'a':1}, 'love': {'b':2}, 'you': {'c':3}}</span><br><span class="line">>>> a=pd.DataFrame(my_dict)</span><br><span class="line">>>> print(a)</span><br><span class="line"> i love you</span><br><span class="line">a 1.0 NaN NaN</span><br><span class="line">b NaN 2.0 NaN</span><br><span class="line">c NaN NaN 3.0</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">具体例子具体分析吧</span><br><span class="line">建议：其他数据格式转Dataframe，最好先使用其他格式排列好数据，再转df，df直接输出到xlsx就行</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="写入csv文件"><a href="#写入csv文件" class="headerlink" title="写入csv文件"></a>写入csv文件</h3><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">import csv</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">with open('test.csv', 'w', newline='',encoding='utf-8') as f:</span><br><span class="line"> writer = csv.writer(f)</span><br><span class="line">#一行行写入</span><br><span class="line"> writer.writerows(list2)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="elk拉取数据"><a href="#elk拉取数据" class="headerlink" title="elk拉取数据"></a>elk拉取数据</h3><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">from elasticsearch import Elasticsearch</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">es = Elasticsearch(["192.168.3.1:9200"],timeout=120)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> body={</span><br><span class="line"> "query": {</span><br><span class="line"> "bool": {</span><br><span class="line"> "must": [</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> "match": {</span><br><span class="line"> "IpMd5.keyword": uuid</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> ],</span><br><span class="line"> "must_not": [],</span><br><span class="line"> "should": [],</span><br><span class="line"> "filter": [</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> "range": {</span><br><span class="line"> "Time": {</span><br><span class="line"> "gte": "2022-06-29T20:20:00+08:00",</span><br><span class="line"> "lt": "2022-06-29T20:25:00+08:00"</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> ]</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> res = es.search(index='nodeslogW', size=300, body=body)</span><br><span class="line"># 返回的是字典的格式</span><br><span class="line">doc = res['hits']['hits']</span><br><span class="line"> if len(doc):</span><br><span class="line"> for item in doc:</span><br><span class="line"> print(item['_source']['Services']['XX']['buffer'])</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p><a href="https://www.elastic.co/guide/cn/elasticsearch/guide/current/query-dsl-intro.html#query-dsl-intro">参考：查询表达式</a></p><p><a href="https://www.elastic.co/guide/cn/elasticsearch/guide/current/bool-query.html#bool-query">参考：组合查询</a></p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><h3 id="读取xlsx文件"><a href="#读取xlsx文件" class="headerlink" title="读取xlsx文件"></a>读取xlsx文件</h3><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><t</summary>
<category term="文本" scheme="http://example.com/categories/%E6%96%87%E6%9C%AC/"/>
<category term="python" scheme="http://example.com/tags/python/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>shell脚本EOF解析</title>
<link href="http://example.com/2022/07/08/shell%E8%84%9A%E6%9C%ACEOF%E5%A6%99%E7%94%A8/"/>
<id>http://example.com/2022/07/08/shell%E8%84%9A%E6%9C%ACEOF%E5%A6%99%E7%94%A8/</id>
<published>2022-07-07T16:00:00.000Z</published>
<updated>2022-07-08T10:08:34.000Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h3 id="简介"><a href="#简介" class="headerlink" title="简介"></a>简介</h3><p>使用EOF结合cat命令可以把多行数据写入文件中</p><p>这个EOF就像是标识符一样，标明开始、结束，换成STD也一样。</p><p>EOF嵌套使用就是把EOF改个名字罢了，不然shell哪知道谁跟谁是一对啊</p><p>通过cat配合重定向能够生成文件并追加操作,在它之前先熟悉几个特殊符号:</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">< :输入重定向</span><br><span class="line">> :输出重定向</span><br><span class="line">>> :输出重定向,进行追加,不会覆盖之前内容</span><br><span class="line"><< :标准输入来自命令行的一对分隔号的中间内容.</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>因为 << 的意思是：标准输入来自命令行的一对分隔号的中间内容，也就是你在bash上的标准输入，如果有s=$(data)的话要使用转义字符s=$(data)，不然这个就会执行了，写到文件里的就是s=3点11分。并且 `` 都要改成 $()。</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[root@XX /]# cat << EOF</span><br><span class="line">> hshhs</span><br><span class="line">> ksk</span><br><span class="line">> EOF</span><br><span class="line">hshhs</span><br><span class="line">ksk</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">[root@XX /]# cat << STD</span><br><span class="line">> h1</span><br><span class="line">> STD</span><br><span class="line">h1</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="将内容输出到文件中"><a href="#将内容输出到文件中" class="headerlink" title="将内容输出到文件中"></a>将内容输出到文件中</h3><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[root@XX /]# cat << EOF >> m</span><br><span class="line">> hello m</span><br><span class="line">> EOF</span><br><span class="line">[root@XX /]# cat m</span><br><span class="line">hello m</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="嵌套使用"><a href="#嵌套使用" class="headerlink" title="嵌套使用"></a>嵌套使用</h3><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[root@XX /]# cat << EOF > m</span><br><span class="line">> hello m</span><br><span class="line">> bye m</span><br><span class="line">> cat << STD > n</span><br><span class="line">> hello n</span><br><span class="line">> bye n</span><br><span class="line">> EOF</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">[root@XX /]# cat m</span><br><span class="line">hello m</span><br><span class="line">bye m</span><br><span class="line">cat << STD > n</span><br><span class="line">hello n</span><br><span class="line">bye n</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="参考"><a href="#参考" class="headerlink" title="参考"></a>参考</h3><p><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/zongshi1992/article/details/71693045">linux shell脚本EOF妙用</a></p><p><a href="https://www.h5w3.com/z/510614.html">shell多行重定向方法（多重嵌套）</a></p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><h3 id="简介"><a href="#简介" class="headerlink" title="简介"></a>简介</h3><p>使用EOF结合cat命令可以把多行数据写入文件中</p>
<p>这个EOF就像是标识符一样，标明开始、结束，换成STD也一样。</p>
<p</summary>
<category term="文本" scheme="http://example.com/categories/%E6%96%87%E6%9C%AC/"/>
<category term="EOF" scheme="http://example.com/tags/EOF/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>centos7安装nload流量监控</title>
<link href="http://example.com/2022/07/06/centos7%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85nload%E6%B5%81%E9%87%8F%E7%9B%91%E6%8E%A7/"/>
<id>http://example.com/2022/07/06/centos7%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85nload%E6%B5%81%E9%87%8F%E7%9B%91%E6%8E%A7/</id>
<published>2022-07-05T16:00:00.000Z</published>
<updated>2022-07-07T04:48:26.000Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h3 id="方法一"><a href="#方法一" class="headerlink" title="方法一"></a>方法一</h3><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">yum -y install nload</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="方法二"><a href="#方法二" class="headerlink" title="方法二"></a>方法二</h3><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">yum install -y gcc</span><br><span class="line">yum install -y gcc-c++</span><br><span class="line">yum install -y ncurses-devel</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line">wget http://www.roland-riegel.de/nload/nload-0.7.4.tar.gz</span><br><span class="line">tar zxvf nload-0.7.4.tar.gz</span><br><span class="line">cd nload-0.7.4</span><br><span class="line">./configure</span><br><span class="line">make;make install</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="使用"><a href="#使用" class="headerlink" title="使用"></a>使用</h3><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">nload ppp0 ppp1 ppp2</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/m0_38110132/article/details/80681261">参考：Centos7安装nload流量监控</a></p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><h3 id="方法一"><a href="#方法一" class="headerlink" title="方法一"></a>方法一</h3><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pr</summary>
<category term="linux" scheme="http://example.com/categories/linux/"/>
<category term="linux" scheme="http://example.com/tags/linux/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>开机自启 rc.d/rc.loacl</title>
<link href="http://example.com/2022/06/30/%E5%BC%80%E6%9C%BA%E8%87%AA%E5%90%AF%E8%84%9A%E6%9C%AC/"/>
<id>http://example.com/2022/06/30/%E5%BC%80%E6%9C%BA%E8%87%AA%E5%90%AF%E8%84%9A%E6%9C%AC/</id>
<published>2022-06-29T16:00:00.000Z</published>
<updated>2022-07-06T09:01:28.000Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h3 id="rc-d-rc-local简介"><a href="#rc-d-rc-local简介" class="headerlink" title="rc.d/rc.local简介"></a>rc.d/rc.local简介</h3><p>/etc/rc.local 是 /etc/rc.d/rc.local的软连接（系统安装时根据/etc/rc.d/rc.local生成的）</p><p>所以开机自启实际上是执行/etc/rc.d/rc.local这个文件（该文件需要可执行权限，文件头为 #!/bin/bash）</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[root /]# ls -l /etc/rc.local </span><br><span class="line">lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Aug 24 2021 /etc/rc.local -> rc.d/rc.local</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="问题一：rc-d-rc-loacl无法执行"><a href="#问题一：rc-d-rc-loacl无法执行" class="headerlink" title="问题一：rc.d/rc.loacl无法执行"></a>问题一：rc.d/rc.loacl无法执行</h3><p>一般来说，造成这种情况的是由于该文件没有可执行权限<br>下面来说下不一般的</p><p>首先看看有没有rc.local这个服务</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">systemctl list-unit-files|grep rc.local</span><br><span class="line">rc-local.service static</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>再看看rc.local服务的状态</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">systemctl status rc-local.service</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">● rc-local.service - /etc/rc.d/rc.local Compatibility</span><br><span class="line"> Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service; static; vendor preset: disabled)</span><br><span class="line"> Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Thu 2022-06-30 14:39:40 CST; 7min ago</span><br><span class="line"> Process: 1074 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/rc.local start (code=exited, status=203/EXEC)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Jun 30 14:39:39 cac8821bbb6ae2bd3553cc0552e923ddXX systemd[1]: Starting /etc/rc.d/rc.local Compatibility...</span><br><span class="line">Jun 30 14:39:40 cac8821bbb6ae2bd3553cc0552e923ddXX systemd[1]: rc-local.service: control process exited, code=exited status=203</span><br><span class="line">Jun 30 14:39:40 cac8821bbb6ae2bd3553cc0552e923ddXX systemd[1]: Failed to start /etc/rc.d/rc.local Compatibility.</span><br><span class="line">Jun 30 14:39:40 cac8821bbb6ae2bd3553cc0552e923ddXX systemd[1]: Unit rc-local.service entered failed state.</span><br><span class="line">Jun 30 14:39:40 cac8821bbb6ae2bd3553cc0552e923ddXX systemd[1]: rc-local.service failed.</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>很显然，服务启动失败</p><p>一般来说服务组件是没问题的，那么我们检查下/etc/rc.d/rc.local文件，看看是不是该文件格式不正确</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">cat /etc/rc.d/rc.local</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">/bin/bash /s.sh</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>果然，少了<code>#!/bin/bash</code>作为第一行</p><p>加上后就OK了</p><p>参考：<a href="https://blog.csdn.net/DSK_981029/article/details/120305469">树莓派：【FAILED】 Failed to start /etc/rc.local Compatibility.</a></p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><h3 id="rc-d-rc-local简介"><a href="#rc-d-rc-local简介" class="headerlink" title="rc.d&#x2F;rc.local简介"></a>rc.d&#x2F;rc.local简介</h3><p>&#x2F;et</summary>
<category term="linux" scheme="http://example.com/categories/linux/"/>
<category term="linux" scheme="http://example.com/tags/linux/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>linux查找字符串所在行</title>
<link href="http://example.com/2022/06/23/linux%E6%9F%A5%E6%89%BE%E5%AD%97%E7%AC%A6%E4%B8%B2%E6%89%80%E5%9C%A8%E8%A1%8C/"/>
<id>http://example.com/2022/06/23/linux%E6%9F%A5%E6%89%BE%E5%AD%97%E7%AC%A6%E4%B8%B2%E6%89%80%E5%9C%A8%E8%A1%8C/</id>
<published>2022-06-22T16:00:00.000Z</published>
<updated>2022-06-23T05:49:30.000Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h3 id="模糊匹配-输出行号"><a href="#模糊匹配-输出行号" class="headerlink" title="模糊匹配 输出行号"></a>模糊匹配 输出行号</h3><ol><li><p>grep</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"># 输出内容同时输出行号</span><br><span class="line">grep -n "要匹配的字符串" 文件名</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></li><li><p>awk</p></li></ol><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"># 输出行号，并不输出内容</span><br><span class="line"># 注意是单引号</span><br><span class="line">awk '/要匹配字符串/{print NR}' 文件名</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>这里涉及一个小的知识点，如何在awk中写变量呢。<br>比如“要匹配字符串”位置想要写入一个变量，要在变量外加单引号，再加双引号：</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"># 变量赋值</span><br><span class="line">word=hello</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 在awk中引入变量, 打印变量所在的行</span><br><span class="line">awk '/"'${word}'"/{print $0}' file.txt</span><br><span class="line"># 其中${word}是变量较好的写法，$word 的写法也可以执行</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="精确匹配（全匹配）输出行号"><a href="#精确匹配（全匹配）输出行号" class="headerlink" title="精确匹配（全匹配）输出行号"></a>精确匹配（全匹配）输出行号</h3><ol><li>grep</li></ol><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">grep -wn "要匹配的字符串" 文件名</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>其中 grep -w 是完全匹配要匹配的字符串，字符串只是字段内一部分也可以匹配。比如，</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"># 结果为abcd, abcde, abc等</span><br><span class="line">grep "abc" </span><br><span class="line"># 结果为abc</span><br><span class="line">grep -w "abc" </span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ol start="2"><li>awk</li></ol><p>awk并不能像grep那样去过滤单词。grep可以过滤到单词，awk只能过滤到字段。</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"># 匹配以逗号为分隔（如csv）的第三列/第三个字段，打印行号</span><br><span class="line">awk -F, '$3=="要匹配的字符串" {print NR}' 文件名</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 匹配以逗号为分隔（如csv）的第三列/第三个字段</span><br><span class="line"># 打印该行内容 写{print}或{print $0} 都可以</span><br><span class="line">awk -F, '$3=="要匹配的字符串" {print}' 文件名</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="参考"><a href="#参考" class="headerlink" title="参考"></a>参考</h3><p><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/Olivia_Vang/article/details/104076272">linux查找字符串所在行，输出行号</a></p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><h3 id="模糊匹配-输出行号"><a href="#模糊匹配-输出行号" class="headerlink" title="模糊匹配 输出行号"></a>模糊匹配 输出行号</h3><ol>
<li><p>grep</p>
<figure class="highlight</summary>
<category term="文本" scheme="http://example.com/categories/%E6%96%87%E6%9C%AC/"/>
<category term="awk" scheme="http://example.com/tags/awk/"/>
<category term="grep" scheme="http://example.com/tags/grep/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>mariadb数据库使用</title>
<link href="http://example.com/2022/06/21/mariadb%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8/"/>
<id>http://example.com/2022/06/21/mariadb%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8/</id>
<published>2022-06-20T16:00:00.000Z</published>
<updated>2022-06-29T10:35:52.000Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p>安装：</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">yum -y install mariadb-server mariadb </span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">安装完后</span><br><span class="line">systemctl start mariadb</span><br><span class="line">systemctl enable mariadb</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>登录</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">mysql -u root -p</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">第一次登陆不需要输入密码，直接点enter进入就行</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>列出所有表</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">show tables;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>列出所有数据库</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">show databases;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>查看用户信息</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">select user,host from mysql.user;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">MariaDB [(none)]> select user,host from mysql.user;</span><br><span class="line">+------+------------------------------------+</span><br><span class="line">| user | host |</span><br><span class="line">+------+------------------------------------+</span><br><span class="line">| root | 127.0.0.1 |</span><br><span class="line">| root | ::1 |</span><br><span class="line">| | cac8821bbb6ae2bd3553cc0552e923ddxx |</span><br><span class="line">| root | cac8821bbb6ae2bd3553cc0552e923ddxx |</span><br><span class="line">| Fish | host |</span><br><span class="line">| | localhost |</span><br><span class="line">| root | localhost |</span><br><span class="line">+------+------------------------------------+</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>删除用户</p><p>注：在MySQL中，用户帐户由用户名和主机名部分组成，jabba@localhost 和 <a href="mailto:jabba@10.10.8.8">jabba@10.10.8.8</a> 是不同的用户帐户。</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">drop user Fish@host;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">MariaDB [(none)]> drop user Fish@host;</span><br><span class="line">Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>创建用户</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">create user 'Fish'@'localhost' identified by 'Fish@#666';</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>创建数据库</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">create database jojo;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>选择数据库</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">use jojo;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><p>安装：</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span></summary>
<category term="服务器" scheme="http://example.com/categories/%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8/"/>
<category term="数据库" scheme="http://example.com/tags/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>dell服务器开机无法正常启动</title>
<link href="http://example.com/2022/06/21/%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98/"/>
<id>http://example.com/2022/06/21/%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98/</id>
<published>2022-06-20T16:00:00.000Z</published>
<updated>2022-06-21T06:39:28.000Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43822878/article/details/120267752">dell服务器开机无法正常启动Strike the F1 key to continue, F2 to run the system setup program</a></p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><p><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43822878/article/details/120267752">dell服务器开机无法正常启动Strike the F1 key to continue, F2 to run the sys</summary>
<category term="服务器" scheme="http://example.com/categories/%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8/"/>
<category term="服务器" scheme="http://example.com/tags/%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>go使用rsa加密</title>
<link href="http://example.com/2022/06/10/go%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8rsa%E5%8A%A0%E5%AF%86/"/>
<id>http://example.com/2022/06/10/go%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8rsa%E5%8A%A0%E5%AF%86/</id>
<published>2022-06-09T16:00:00.000Z</published>
<updated>2022-06-10T10:00:34.000Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://studygolang.com/articles/28458">用 Golang 实现 RSA 加密和签名（有示例）</a></p><p><a href="https://www.jianshu.com/p/95fe3fa26d46">go语言RSA API使用示例</a></p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><p><a href="https://studygolang.com/articles/28458">用 Golang 实现 RSA 加密和签名（有示例）</a></p>
<p><a href="https://www.jianshu.com/p/95fe3fa26d46">g</summary>
<category term="go语言" scheme="http://example.com/categories/go%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80/"/>
<category term="学习笔记" scheme="http://example.com/tags/%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E7%AC%94%E8%AE%B0/"/>
<category term="go" scheme="http://example.com/tags/go/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>iperf3使用方法详解</title>
<link href="http://example.com/2022/06/10/iperf3%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3/"/>
<id>http://example.com/2022/06/10/iperf3%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3/</id>
<published>2022-06-09T16:00:00.000Z</published>
<updated>2022-06-10T10:08:54.000Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/314727150">iperf3使用方法详解</a></p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><p><a href="https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/314727150">iperf3使用方法详解</a></p>
</summary>
<category term="linux网络" scheme="http://example.com/categories/linux%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C/"/>
<category term="iper3" scheme="http://example.com/tags/iper3/"/>
<category term="测速" scheme="http://example.com/tags/%E6%B5%8B%E9%80%9F/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>如何测试端口通不通</title>
<link href="http://example.com/2022/06/10/%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%AB%AF%E5%8F%A3%E9%80%9A%E4%B8%8D%E9%80%9A/"/>
<id>http://example.com/2022/06/10/%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%AB%AF%E5%8F%A3%E9%80%9A%E4%B8%8D%E9%80%9A/</id>
<published>2022-06-09T16:00:00.000Z</published>
<updated>2022-07-06T04:25:34.000Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h3 id="查看某一端口是否开放"><a href="#查看某一端口是否开放" class="headerlink" title="查看某一端口是否开放"></a>查看某一端口是否开放</h3><ol><li>lsof</li></ol><p>你可以使用 lsof 命令来查看某一端口是否开放。查看端口可以这样来使用，我就以80端口为例：</p><p>lsof -i:80</p><p>如果有显示说明已经开放了，如果没有显示说明没有开放</p><ol start="2"><li>netstat</li></ol><p>netstat -aptn执行看看，是否监听在0.0.0.0:3306</p><p>netstat -nupl (UDP类型的端口)<br>netstat -ntpl (TCP类型的端口)</p><ol start="4"><li>telnet</li></ol><p>telnet ip 端口号 方式测试远程主机端口是否打开</p><p><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/swazer_z/article/details/64442730">如何测试端口通不通(四种方法）</a></p><p><a href="https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1473377">Centos查看端口占用情况和开启端口命令</a></p><h3 id="nc-测试端口"><a href="#nc-测试端口" class="headerlink" title="nc 测试端口"></a>nc 测试端口</h3><p>yum -y install nc</p><h4 id="TCP端口测试"><a href="#TCP端口测试" class="headerlink" title="TCP端口测试"></a>TCP端口测试</h4><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">在192.168.130.1上执行：</span><br><span class="line">nc -l 8888</span><br><span class="line">然后输入内容，并回车；</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">在192.168.130.2上执行：</span><br><span class="line">nc 192.168.130.1 8888</span><br><span class="line">并观察是否有内容输出，如果有，说明端口是通的。</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="UDP端口测试"><a href="#UDP端口测试" class="headerlink" title="UDP端口测试"></a>UDP端口测试</h4><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">在192.168.130.1上执行：</span><br><span class="line">nc -ul 8888 #监听8888端口</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">在192.168.130.2上执行：</span><br><span class="line">nc -u 192.168.130.1 8888</span><br><span class="line">然后输入内容，并回车，并观察130.1上是否有内容输出，如果有，说明端口是通的。</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/d1240673769/article/details/102632178">参考：利用nc测试服务器之间端口之间的连通性</a></p>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><h3 id="查看某一端口是否开放"><a href="#查看某一端口是否开放" class="headerlink" title="查看某一端口是否开放"></a>查看某一端口是否开放</h3><ol>
<li>lsof</li>
</ol>
<p>你可以使用 lsof 命令</summary>
<category term="linux网络" scheme="http://example.com/categories/linux%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C/"/>
<category term="端口" scheme="http://example.com/tags/%E7%AB%AF%E5%8F%A3/"/>
</entry>
</feed>