Add new functional_dependency generic test macro
#988
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* Provide passing/failing seed CSVs (`data_test_functional_dependency_pass.csv` and `data_test_functional_dependency_fail.csv`) * Add example `schema.yml` usage demonstrating `data_tests` with multiple determinants and an optional `where` clause * Write documentation block for `functional_dependency`. * Upgrade postgres in Docker to 13.19 to be able to run the tests on ARM architectures.
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resolves #989
Problem
Currently, dbt-utils does not provide a built-in test to ensure that a set of columns (the “determinants”) functionally determines a single “dependent” column. This can be important for validating data integrity, for example, to confirm that every (order_id, product_id) maps to exactly one quantity.
Solution
Adds a new functional_dependency test under macros/generic_tests/.
This test checks that there is exactly one distinct dependent value for each unique combination of determinant columns.
Optionally allows filtering records via a where clause.
Includes example seed CSVs showing both passing and failing scenarios (test_functional_dependency_pass.csv and test_functional_dependency_fail.csv).
Adds a sample schema.yml demonstrating usage with data_tests, how to specify multiple determinant columns, and how to apply a custom where condition.
Provides documentation for the new test following dbt-utils conventions, describing arguments, usage patterns, and an example snippet similar to the style used in other generic tests.
Checklist