You know how to debug Bad gateway with nginx?

[g4njawizard]

Hi erik,

I made the push for building podman from source.
I am currently trying to fork your .container .socket to meet my environment.

Currently I am stucking with nginx ( 502 bad gateway )

I haven't used your install.sh. I made the steps in that script by hand to understand what has to be changed.

nginx.container

[Unit]
Description=Example proxy service
Requires=nginx.socket nextcloud.service
After=nginx.socket nextcloud.service

AssertPathIsDirectory=%h/data/nextcloud/html
AssertPathExists=%h/data/nginx/nginx.conf

[Container]
Image=docker.io/library/nginx:alpine

Environment=NGINX=3;
Network=ncloud.network

Volume=%h/data/nextcloud/html:/var/www/html:z,ro
Volume=%h/data/nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:Z,ro

[Install]
WantedBy=default.target

The socket file

/data/nextcloud$ cat .config/containers/systemd/nginx.socket 
[Unit]
Description=nginx

[Socket]

ListenStream=0.0.0.0:8666

[Install]
WantedBy=sockets.target

the nextcloud.container

[Unit]
Description=Nextcloud container
Requires=nginx.socket
After=nginx.socket

[Service]
Restart=always

[Container]
Image=docker.io/library/nextcloud:latest
ContainerName=nextcloud
User=0
Group=0
UserNS=keep-id:uid=33,gid=33
Network=ncloud.network
#PublishPort=8666:80
Volume=%h/data/nextcloud/html:/var/www/html:z
Volume=%h/data/nextcloud/data:/var/www/html/data:z
Volume=%h/data/nextcloud/redis-session.ini:/usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/redis-session.ini:z
Environment=REDIS_HOST=redis
Environment=NEXTCLOUD_DATA_DIR=/var/www/html/data
#Environment=TRUSTED_PROXIES=nginx  ## shouldn't that point now to the nginx container?

[Install]
WantedBy=default.target

I changed app:9000 to nextcloud:9000 to meet the container name and listen .

worker_processes auto;

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    types {
        text/javascript mjs;
        application/wasm wasm;
    }

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    # Prevent nginx HTTP Server Detection
    server_tokens   off;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

    # Set the `immutable` cache control options only for assets with a cache busting `v` argument
    map $arg_v $asset_immutable {
        "" "";
    default ", immutable";
    }

    #gzip  on;

    upstream php-handler {
        server nextcloud:9000;
    }

    server {
        listen 8666;

        # HSTS settings
        # WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
        # the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
        # will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
        # in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
        # could take several months.
        #add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;" always;

        # set max upload size and increase upload timeout:
        client_max_body_size 512M;
        client_body_timeout 300s;
        fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;

        # The settings allows you to optimize the HTTP2 bandwidth.
        # See https://blog.cloudflare.com/delivering-http-2-upload-speed-improvements/
        # for tuning hints
        client_body_buffer_size 512k;

        # Enable gzip but do not remove ETag headers
        gzip on;
        gzip_vary on;
        gzip_comp_level 4;
        gzip_min_length 256;
        gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private no_last_modified no_etag auth;
        gzip_types application/atom+xml text/javascript application/javascript application/json application/ld+json application/manifest+json application/rss+xml application/vnd.geo+json application/vnd.ms-fontobject application/wasm application/x-font-ttf application/x-web-app-manifest+json application/xhtml+xml application/xml font/opentype image/bmp image/svg+xml image/x-icon text/cache-manifest text/css text/plain text/vcard text/vnd.rim.location.xloc text/vtt text/x-component text/x-cross-domain-policy;

        # Pagespeed is not supported by Nextcloud, so if your server is built
        # with the `ngx_pagespeed` module, uncomment this line to disable it.
        #pagespeed off;

        # HTTP response headers borrowed from Nextcloud `.htaccess`
        add_header Referrer-Policy                      "no-referrer"       always;
        add_header X-Content-Type-Options               "nosniff"           always;
        add_header X-Frame-Options                      "SAMEORIGIN"        always;
        add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies    "none"              always;
        add_header X-Robots-Tag                         "noindex, nofollow" always;
        add_header X-XSS-Protection                     "1; mode=block"     always;

        # Remove X-Powered-By, which is an information leak
        fastcgi_hide_header X-Powered-By;

        # Path to the root of your installation
        root /var/www/html;

        # Specify how to handle directories -- specifying `/index.php$request_uri`
        # here as the fallback means that Nginx always exhibits the desired behaviour
        # when a client requests a path that corresponds to a directory that exists
        # on the server. In particular, if that directory contains an index.php file,
        # that file is correctly served; if it doesn't, then the request is passed to
        # the front-end controller. This consistent behaviour means that we don't need
        # to specify custom rules for certain paths (e.g. images and other assets,
        # `/updater`, `/ocm-provider`, `/ocs-provider`), and thus
        # `try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$request_uri`
        # always provides the desired behaviour.
        index index.php index.html /index.php$request_uri;

        # Rule borrowed from `.htaccess` to handle Microsoft DAV clients
        location = / {
            if ( $http_user_agent ~ ^DavClnt ) {
                return 302 /remote.php/webdav/$is_args$args;
            }
        }

        location = /robots.txt {
            allow all;
            log_not_found off;
            access_log off;
        }

        # Make a regex exception for `/.well-known` so that clients can still
        # access it despite the existence of the regex rule
        # `location ~ /(\.|autotest|...)` which would otherwise handle requests
        # for `/.well-known`.
        location ^~ /.well-known {
            # The rules in this block are an adaptation of the rules
            # in `.htaccess` that concern `/.well-known`.

            location = /.well-known/carddav { return 301 /remote.php/dav/; }
            location = /.well-known/caldav  { return 301 /remote.php/dav/; }

            location /.well-known/acme-challenge    { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; }
            location /.well-known/pki-validation    { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; }

            # Let Nextcloud's API for `/.well-known` URIs handle all other
            # requests by passing them to the front-end controller.
            return 301 /index.php$request_uri;
        }

        # Rules borrowed from `.htaccess` to hide certain paths from clients
        location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)(?:$|/)  { return 404; }
        location ~ ^/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console)                { return 404; }

        # Ensure this block, which passes PHP files to the PHP process, is above the blocks
        # which handle static assets (as seen below). If this block is not declared first,
        # then Nginx will encounter an infinite rewriting loop when it prepends `/index.php`
        # to the URI, resulting in a HTTP 500 error response.
        location ~ \.php(?:$|/) {
            # Required for legacy support
            rewrite ^/(?!index|remote|public|cron|core\/ajax\/update|status|ocs\/v[12]|updater\/.+|ocs-provider\/.+|.+\/richdocumentscode(_arm64)?\/proxy) /index.php$request_uri;

            fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(/.*)$;
            set $path_info $fastcgi_path_info;

            try_files $fastcgi_script_name =404;

            include fastcgi_params;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;
            #fastcgi_param HTTPS on;

            fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;         # Avoid sending the security headers twice
            fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;     # Enable pretty urls
            fastcgi_pass php-handler;

            fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
            fastcgi_request_buffering off;

            fastcgi_max_temp_file_size 0;
        }

        # Serve static files
        location ~ \.(?:css|js|mjs|svg|gif|ico|jpg|png|webp|wasm|tflite|map|ogg|flac)$ {
            try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
            add_header Cache-Control "public, max-age=15778463$asset_immutable";
            add_header Referrer-Policy                   "no-referrer"       always;
            add_header X-Content-Type-Options            "nosniff"           always;
            add_header X-Frame-Options                   "SAMEORIGIN"        always;
            add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies "none"              always;
            add_header X-Robots-Tag                      "noindex, nofollow" always;
            add_header X-XSS-Protection                  "1; mode=block"     always;
            access_log off;     # Optional: Don't log access to assets

            location ~ \.wasm$ {
                default_type application/wasm;
            }
        }

I also noticed, placing the nginx.socket into ~/.config/containers/systemd is not working. I had to move it to ~/.config/systemd/user to make it work.

[g4njawizard]

Found the problem... forgot to save the image tag from nextcloud:latest to fpm. ^^