diff --git a/examples/instruction_patching/Makefile b/examples/instruction_patching/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c67a2b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/instruction_patching/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+all: build-ebpf build run
+
+build-ebpf:
+	mkdir -p ebpf/bin
+	clang -D__KERNEL__ -D__ASM_SYSREG_H \
+		-Wno-unused-value \
+		-Wno-pointer-sign \
+		-Wno-compare-distinct-pointer-types \
+		-Wunused \
+		-Wall \
+		-Werror \
+		-I/lib/modules/$$(uname -r)/build/include \
+		-I/lib/modules/$$(uname -r)/build/include/uapi \
+		-I/lib/modules/$$(uname -r)/build/include/generated/uapi \
+		-I/lib/modules/$$(uname -r)/build/arch/x86/include \
+		-I/lib/modules/$$(uname -r)/build/arch/x86/include/uapi \
+		-I/lib/modules/$$(uname -r)/build/arch/x86/include/generated \
+		-O2 -emit-llvm \
+		ebpf/main.c \
+		-c -o - | llc -march=bpf -filetype=obj -o ebpf/bin/probe.o
+	go run github.com/shuLhan/go-bindata/cmd/go-bindata -pkg main -prefix "ebpf/bin" -o "probe.go" "ebpf/bin/probe.o"
+
+build:
+	go build -o bin/main .
+
+run:
+	sudo bin/main
diff --git a/examples/instruction_patching/bin/.gitkeep b/examples/instruction_patching/bin/.gitkeep
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/examples/instruction_patching/ebpf/include/bpf.h b/examples/instruction_patching/ebpf/include/bpf.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3a4d49a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/instruction_patching/ebpf/include/bpf.h
@@ -0,0 +1,1277 @@
+/* In Linux 5.4 asm_inline was introduced, but it's not supported by clang.
+ * Redefine it to just asm to enable successful compilation.
+ */
+#ifdef asm_inline
+#undef asm_inline
+#define asm_inline asm
+#endif
+/* Before bpf_helpers.h is included, uapi bpf.h has been
+ * included, which references linux/types.h. This may bring
+ * in asm_volatile_goto definition if permitted based on
+ * compiler setup and kernel configs.
+ *
+ * clang does not support "asm volatile goto" yet.
+ * So redefine asm_volatile_goto to some invalid asm code.
+ * If asm_volatile_goto is actually used by the bpf program,
+ * a compilation error will appear.
+ */
+#ifdef asm_volatile_goto
+#undef asm_volatile_goto
+#endif
+#define asm_volatile_goto(x...) asm volatile("invalid use of asm_volatile_goto")
+
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note */
+/* Copyright (c) 2011-2014 PLUMgrid, http://plumgrid.com
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of version 2 of the GNU General Public
+ * License as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ */
+#ifndef _UAPI__LINUX_BPF_H__
+#define _UAPI__LINUX_BPF_H__
+
+#include <linux/types.h>
+#include <linux/bpf_common.h>
+
+/* Extended instruction set based on top of classic BPF */
+
+/* instruction classes */
+#define BPF_ALU64 0x07 /* alu mode in double word width */
+
+/* ld/ldx fields */
+#define BPF_DW 0x18   /* double word (64-bit) */
+#define BPF_XADD 0xc0 /* exclusive add */
+
+/* alu/jmp fields */
+#define BPF_MOV 0xb0  /* mov reg to reg */
+#define BPF_ARSH 0xc0 /* sign extending arithmetic shift right */
+
+/* change endianness of a register */
+#define BPF_END 0xd0   /* flags for endianness conversion: */
+#define BPF_TO_LE 0x00 /* convert to little-endian */
+#define BPF_TO_BE 0x08 /* convert to big-endian */
+#define BPF_FROM_LE BPF_TO_LE
+#define BPF_FROM_BE BPF_TO_BE
+
+/* jmp encodings */
+#define BPF_JNE 0x50  /* jump != */
+#define BPF_JLT 0xa0  /* LT is unsigned, '<' */
+#define BPF_JLE 0xb0  /* LE is unsigned, '<=' */
+#define BPF_JSGT 0x60 /* SGT is signed '>', GT in x86 */
+#define BPF_JSGE 0x70 /* SGE is signed '>=', GE in x86 */
+#define BPF_JSLT 0xc0 /* SLT is signed, '<' */
+#define BPF_JSLE 0xd0 /* SLE is signed, '<=' */
+#define BPF_CALL 0x80 /* function call */
+#define BPF_EXIT 0x90 /* function return */
+
+/* Register numbers */
+enum
+{
+	BPF_REG_0 = 0,
+	BPF_REG_1,
+	BPF_REG_2,
+	BPF_REG_3,
+	BPF_REG_4,
+	BPF_REG_5,
+	BPF_REG_6,
+	BPF_REG_7,
+	BPF_REG_8,
+	BPF_REG_9,
+	BPF_REG_10,
+	__MAX_BPF_REG,
+};
+
+/* BPF has 10 general purpose 64-bit registers and stack frame. */
+#define MAX_BPF_REG __MAX_BPF_REG
+
+struct bpf_insn
+{
+	__u8 code;		  /* opcode */
+	__u8 dst_reg : 4; /* dest register */
+	__u8 src_reg : 4; /* source register */
+	__s16 off;		  /* signed offset */
+	__s32 imm;		  /* signed immediate constant */
+};
+
+/* Key of an a BPF_MAP_TYPE_LPM_TRIE entry */
+struct bpf_lpm_trie_key
+{
+	__u32 prefixlen; /* up to 32 for AF_INET, 128 for AF_INET6 */
+	__u8 data[0];	/* Arbitrary size */
+};
+
+/* BPF syscall commands, see bpf(2) man-page for details. */
+enum bpf_cmd
+{
+	BPF_MAP_CREATE,
+	BPF_MAP_LOOKUP_ELEM,
+	BPF_MAP_UPDATE_ELEM,
+	BPF_MAP_DELETE_ELEM,
+	BPF_MAP_GET_NEXT_KEY,
+	BPF_PROG_LOAD,
+	BPF_OBJ_PIN,
+	BPF_OBJ_GET,
+	BPF_PROG_ATTACH,
+	BPF_PROG_DETACH,
+	BPF_PROG_TEST_RUN,
+	BPF_PROG_GET_NEXT_ID,
+	BPF_MAP_GET_NEXT_ID,
+	BPF_PROG_GET_FD_BY_ID,
+	BPF_MAP_GET_FD_BY_ID,
+	BPF_OBJ_GET_INFO_BY_FD,
+	BPF_PROG_QUERY,
+	BPF_RAW_TRACEPOINT_OPEN,
+};
+
+enum bpf_map_type
+{
+	BPF_MAP_TYPE_UNSPEC,
+	BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH,
+	BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
+	BPF_MAP_TYPE_PROG_ARRAY,
+	BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERF_EVENT_ARRAY,
+	BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_HASH,
+	BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY,
+	BPF_MAP_TYPE_STACK_TRACE,
+	BPF_MAP_TYPE_CGROUP_ARRAY,
+	BPF_MAP_TYPE_LRU_HASH,
+	BPF_MAP_TYPE_LRU_PERCPU_HASH,
+	BPF_MAP_TYPE_LPM_TRIE,
+	BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY_OF_MAPS,
+	BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH_OF_MAPS,
+	BPF_MAP_TYPE_DEVMAP,
+	BPF_MAP_TYPE_SOCKMAP,
+	BPF_MAP_TYPE_CPUMAP,
+};
+
+enum bpf_prog_type
+{
+	BPF_PROG_TYPE_UNSPEC,
+	BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCKET_FILTER,
+	BPF_PROG_TYPE_KPROBE,
+	BPF_PROG_TYPE_SCHED_CLS,
+	BPF_PROG_TYPE_SCHED_ACT,
+	BPF_PROG_TYPE_TRACEPOINT,
+	BPF_PROG_TYPE_XDP,
+	BPF_PROG_TYPE_PERF_EVENT,
+	BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SKB,
+	BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SOCK,
+	BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_IN,
+	BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_OUT,
+	BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_XMIT,
+	BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCK_OPS,
+	BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_SKB,
+	BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_DEVICE,
+	BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_MSG,
+	BPF_PROG_TYPE_RAW_TRACEPOINT,
+	BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SOCK_ADDR,
+};
+
+enum bpf_attach_type
+{
+	BPF_CGROUP_INET_INGRESS,
+	BPF_CGROUP_INET_EGRESS,
+	BPF_CGROUP_INET_SOCK_CREATE,
+	BPF_CGROUP_SOCK_OPS,
+	BPF_SK_SKB_STREAM_PARSER,
+	BPF_SK_SKB_STREAM_VERDICT,
+	BPF_CGROUP_DEVICE,
+	BPF_SK_MSG_VERDICT,
+	BPF_CGROUP_INET4_BIND,
+	BPF_CGROUP_INET6_BIND,
+	BPF_CGROUP_INET4_CONNECT,
+	BPF_CGROUP_INET6_CONNECT,
+	BPF_CGROUP_INET4_POST_BIND,
+	BPF_CGROUP_INET6_POST_BIND,
+	__MAX_BPF_ATTACH_TYPE
+};
+
+#define MAX_BPF_ATTACH_TYPE __MAX_BPF_ATTACH_TYPE
+
+/* cgroup-bpf attach flags used in BPF_PROG_ATTACH command
+ *
+ * NONE(default): No further bpf programs allowed in the subtree.
+ *
+ * BPF_F_ALLOW_OVERRIDE: If a sub-cgroup installs some bpf program,
+ * the program in this cgroup yields to sub-cgroup program.
+ *
+ * BPF_F_ALLOW_MULTI: If a sub-cgroup installs some bpf program,
+ * that cgroup program gets run in addition to the program in this cgroup.
+ *
+ * Only one program is allowed to be attached to a cgroup with
+ * NONE or BPF_F_ALLOW_OVERRIDE flag.
+ * Attaching another program on top of NONE or BPF_F_ALLOW_OVERRIDE will
+ * release old program and attach the new one. Attach flags has to match.
+ *
+ * Multiple programs are allowed to be attached to a cgroup with
+ * BPF_F_ALLOW_MULTI flag. They are executed in FIFO order
+ * (those that were attached first, run first)
+ * The programs of sub-cgroup are executed first, then programs of
+ * this cgroup and then programs of parent cgroup.
+ * When children program makes decision (like picking TCP CA or sock bind)
+ * parent program has a chance to override it.
+ *
+ * A cgroup with MULTI or OVERRIDE flag allows any attach flags in sub-cgroups.
+ * A cgroup with NONE doesn't allow any programs in sub-cgroups.
+ * Ex1:
+ * cgrp1 (MULTI progs A, B) ->
+ *    cgrp2 (OVERRIDE prog C) ->
+ *      cgrp3 (MULTI prog D) ->
+ *        cgrp4 (OVERRIDE prog E) ->
+ *          cgrp5 (NONE prog F)
+ * the event in cgrp5 triggers execution of F,D,A,B in that order.
+ * if prog F is detached, the execution is E,D,A,B
+ * if prog F and D are detached, the execution is E,A,B
+ * if prog F, E and D are detached, the execution is C,A,B
+ *
+ * All eligible programs are executed regardless of return code from
+ * earlier programs.
+ */
+#define BPF_F_ALLOW_OVERRIDE (1U << 0)
+#define BPF_F_ALLOW_MULTI (1U << 1)
+
+/* If BPF_F_STRICT_ALIGNMENT is used in BPF_PROG_LOAD command, the
+ * verifier will perform strict alignment checking as if the kernel
+ * has been built with CONFIG_EFFICIENT_UNALIGNED_ACCESS not set,
+ * and NET_IP_ALIGN defined to 2.
+ */
+#define BPF_F_STRICT_ALIGNMENT (1U << 0)
+
+/* when bpf_ldimm64->src_reg == BPF_PSEUDO_MAP_FD, bpf_ldimm64->imm == fd */
+#define BPF_PSEUDO_MAP_FD 1
+
+/* when bpf_call->src_reg == BPF_PSEUDO_CALL, bpf_call->imm == pc-relative
+ * offset to another bpf function
+ */
+#define BPF_PSEUDO_CALL 1
+
+/* flags for BPF_MAP_UPDATE_ELEM command */
+#define BPF_ANY 0	 /* create new element or update existing */
+#define BPF_NOEXIST 1 /* create new element if it didn't exist */
+#define BPF_EXIST 2   /* update existing element */
+
+/* flags for BPF_MAP_CREATE command */
+#define BPF_F_NO_PREALLOC (1U << 0)
+/* Instead of having one common LRU list in the
+ * BPF_MAP_TYPE_LRU_[PERCPU_]HASH map, use a percpu LRU list
+ * which can scale and perform better.
+ * Note, the LRU nodes (including free nodes) cannot be moved
+ * across different LRU lists.
+ */
+#define BPF_F_NO_COMMON_LRU (1U << 1)
+/* Specify numa node during map creation */
+#define BPF_F_NUMA_NODE (1U << 2)
+
+/* flags for BPF_PROG_QUERY */
+#define BPF_F_QUERY_EFFECTIVE (1U << 0)
+
+#define BPF_OBJ_NAME_LEN 16U
+
+/* Flags for accessing BPF object */
+#define BPF_F_RDONLY (1U << 3)
+#define BPF_F_WRONLY (1U << 4)
+
+/* Flag for stack_map, store build_id+offset instead of pointer */
+#define BPF_F_STACK_BUILD_ID (1U << 5)
+
+enum bpf_stack_build_id_status
+{
+	/* user space need an empty entry to identify end of a trace */
+	BPF_STACK_BUILD_ID_EMPTY = 0,
+	/* with valid build_id and offset */
+	BPF_STACK_BUILD_ID_VALID = 1,
+	/* couldn't get build_id, fallback to ip */
+	BPF_STACK_BUILD_ID_IP = 2,
+};
+
+#define BPF_BUILD_ID_SIZE 20
+struct bpf_stack_build_id
+{
+	__s32 status;
+	unsigned char build_id[BPF_BUILD_ID_SIZE];
+	union {
+		__u64 offset;
+		__u64 ip;
+	};
+};
+
+union bpf_attr {
+	struct
+	{						/* anonymous struct used by BPF_MAP_CREATE command */
+		__u32 map_type;		/* one of enum bpf_map_type */
+		__u32 key_size;		/* size of key in bytes */
+		__u32 value_size;   /* size of value in bytes */
+		__u32 max_entries;  /* max number of entries in a map */
+		__u32 map_flags;	/* BPF_MAP_CREATE related
+					 * flags defined above.
+					 */
+		__u32 inner_map_fd; /* fd pointing to the inner map */
+		__u32 numa_node;	/* numa node (effective only if
+					 * BPF_F_NUMA_NODE is set).
+					 */
+		char map_name[BPF_OBJ_NAME_LEN];
+		__u32 map_ifindex; /* ifindex of netdev to create on */
+	};
+
+	struct
+	{ /* anonymous struct used by BPF_MAP_*_ELEM commands */
+		__u32 map_fd;
+		__aligned_u64 key;
+		union {
+			__aligned_u64 value;
+			__aligned_u64 next_key;
+		};
+		__u64 flags;
+	};
+
+	struct
+	{					 /* anonymous struct used by BPF_PROG_LOAD command */
+		__u32 prog_type; /* one of enum bpf_prog_type */
+		__u32 insn_cnt;
+		__aligned_u64 insns;
+		__aligned_u64 license;
+		__u32 log_level;	   /* verbosity level of verifier */
+		__u32 log_size;		   /* size of user buffer */
+		__aligned_u64 log_buf; /* user supplied buffer */
+		__u32 kern_version;	/* checked when prog_type=kprobe */
+		__u32 prog_flags;
+		char prog_name[BPF_OBJ_NAME_LEN];
+		__u32 prog_ifindex; /* ifindex of netdev to prep for */
+		/* For some prog types expected attach type must be known at
+		 * load time to verify attach type specific parts of prog
+		 * (context accesses, allowed helpers, etc).
+		 */
+		__u32 expected_attach_type;
+	};
+
+	struct
+	{ /* anonymous struct used by BPF_OBJ_* commands */
+		__aligned_u64 pathname;
+		__u32 bpf_fd;
+		__u32 file_flags;
+	};
+
+	struct
+	{						 /* anonymous struct used by BPF_PROG_ATTACH/DETACH commands */
+		__u32 target_fd;	 /* container object to attach to */
+		__u32 attach_bpf_fd; /* eBPF program to attach */
+		__u32 attach_type;
+		__u32 attach_flags;
+	};
+
+	struct
+	{ /* anonymous struct used by BPF_PROG_TEST_RUN command */
+		__u32 prog_fd;
+		__u32 retval;
+		__u32 data_size_in;
+		__u32 data_size_out;
+		__aligned_u64 data_in;
+		__aligned_u64 data_out;
+		__u32 repeat;
+		__u32 duration;
+	} test;
+
+	struct
+	{ /* anonymous struct used by BPF_*_GET_*_ID */
+		union {
+			__u32 start_id;
+			__u32 prog_id;
+			__u32 map_id;
+		};
+		__u32 next_id;
+		__u32 open_flags;
+	};
+
+	struct
+	{ /* anonymous struct used by BPF_OBJ_GET_INFO_BY_FD */
+		__u32 bpf_fd;
+		__u32 info_len;
+		__aligned_u64 info;
+	} info;
+
+	struct
+	{					 /* anonymous struct used by BPF_PROG_QUERY command */
+		__u32 target_fd; /* container object to query */
+		__u32 attach_type;
+		__u32 query_flags;
+		__u32 attach_flags;
+		__aligned_u64 prog_ids;
+		__u32 prog_cnt;
+	} query;
+
+	struct
+	{
+		__u64 name;
+		__u32 prog_fd;
+	} raw_tracepoint;
+} __attribute__((aligned(8)));
+
+/* BPF helper function descriptions:
+ *
+ * void *bpf_map_lookup_elem(&map, &key)
+ *     Return: Map value or NULL
+ *
+ * int bpf_map_update_elem(&map, &key, &value, flags)
+ *     Return: 0 on success or negative error
+ *
+ * int bpf_map_delete_elem(&map, &key)
+ *     Return: 0 on success or negative error
+ *
+ * int bpf_probe_read(void *dst, int size, void *src)
+ *     Return: 0 on success or negative error
+ *
+ * u64 bpf_ktime_get_ns(void)
+ *     Return: current ktime
+ *
+ * int bpf_trace_printk(const char *fmt, int fmt_size, ...)
+ *     Return: length of buffer written or negative error
+ *
+ * u32 bpf_prandom_u32(void)
+ *     Return: random value
+ *
+ * u32 bpf_raw_smp_processor_id(void)
+ *     Return: SMP processor ID
+ *
+ * int bpf_skb_store_bytes(skb, offset, from, len, flags)
+ *     store bytes into packet
+ *     @skb: pointer to skb
+ *     @offset: offset within packet from skb->mac_header
+ *     @from: pointer where to copy bytes from
+ *     @len: number of bytes to store into packet
+ *     @flags: bit 0 - if true, recompute skb->csum
+ *             other bits - reserved
+ *     Return: 0 on success or negative error
+ *
+ * int bpf_l3_csum_replace(skb, offset, from, to, flags)
+ *     recompute IP checksum
+ *     @skb: pointer to skb
+ *     @offset: offset within packet where IP checksum is located
+ *     @from: old value of header field
+ *     @to: new value of header field
+ *     @flags: bits 0-3 - size of header field
+ *             other bits - reserved
+ *     Return: 0 on success or negative error
+ *
+ * int bpf_l4_csum_replace(skb, offset, from, to, flags)
+ *     recompute TCP/UDP checksum
+ *     @skb: pointer to skb
+ *     @offset: offset within packet where TCP/UDP checksum is located
+ *     @from: old value of header field
+ *     @to: new value of header field
+ *     @flags: bits 0-3 - size of header field
+ *             bit 4 - is pseudo header
+ *             other bits - reserved
+ *     Return: 0 on success or negative error
+ *
+ * int bpf_tail_call(ctx, prog_array_map, index)
+ *     jump into another BPF program
+ *     @ctx: context pointer passed to next program
+ *     @prog_array_map: pointer to map which type is BPF_MAP_TYPE_PROG_ARRAY
+ *     @index: 32-bit index inside array that selects specific program to run
+ *     Return: 0 on success or negative error
+ *
+ * int bpf_clone_redirect(skb, ifindex, flags)
+ *     redirect to another netdev
+ *     @skb: pointer to skb
+ *     @ifindex: ifindex of the net device
+ *     @flags: bit 0 - if set, redirect to ingress instead of egress
+ *             other bits - reserved
+ *     Return: 0 on success or negative error
+ *
+ * u64 bpf_get_current_pid_tgid(void)
+ *     Return: current->tgid << 32 | current->pid
+ *
+ * u64 bpf_get_current_uid_gid(void)
+ *     Return: current_gid << 32 | current_uid
+ *
+ * int bpf_get_current_comm(char *buf, int size_of_buf)
+ *     stores current->comm into buf
+ *     Return: 0 on success or negative error
+ *
+ * u32 bpf_get_cgroup_classid(skb)
+ *     retrieve a proc's classid
+ *     @skb: pointer to skb
+ *     Return: classid if != 0
+ *
+ * int bpf_skb_vlan_push(skb, vlan_proto, vlan_tci)
+ *     Return: 0 on success or negative error
+ *
+ * int bpf_skb_vlan_pop(skb)
+ *     Return: 0 on success or negative error
+ *
+ * int bpf_skb_get_tunnel_key(skb, key, size, flags)
+ * int bpf_skb_set_tunnel_key(skb, key, size, flags)
+ *     retrieve or populate tunnel metadata
+ *     @skb: pointer to skb
+ *     @key: pointer to 'struct bpf_tunnel_key'
+ *     @size: size of 'struct bpf_tunnel_key'
+ *     @flags: room for future extensions
+ *     Return: 0 on success or negative error
+ *
+ * u64 bpf_perf_event_read(map, flags)
+ *     read perf event counter value
+ *     @map: pointer to perf_event_array map
+ *     @flags: index of event in the map or bitmask flags
+ *     Return: value of perf event counter read or error code
+ *
+ * int bpf_redirect(ifindex, flags)
+ *     redirect to another netdev
+ *     @ifindex: ifindex of the net device
+ *     @flags:
+ *	  cls_bpf:
+ *          bit 0 - if set, redirect to ingress instead of egress
+ *          other bits - reserved
+ *	  xdp_bpf:
+ *	    all bits - reserved
+ *     Return: cls_bpf: TC_ACT_REDIRECT on success or TC_ACT_SHOT on error
+ *	       xdp_bfp: XDP_REDIRECT on success or XDP_ABORT on error
+ * int bpf_redirect_map(map, key, flags)
+ *     redirect to endpoint in map
+ *     @map: pointer to dev map
+ *     @key: index in map to lookup
+ *     @flags: --
+ *     Return: XDP_REDIRECT on success or XDP_ABORT on error
+ *
+ * u32 bpf_get_route_realm(skb)
+ *     retrieve a dst's tclassid
+ *     @skb: pointer to skb
+ *     Return: realm if != 0
+ *
+ * int bpf_perf_event_output(ctx, map, flags, data, size)
+ *     output perf raw sample
+ *     @ctx: struct pt_regs*
+ *     @map: pointer to perf_event_array map
+ *     @flags: index of event in the map or bitmask flags
+ *     @data: data on stack to be output as raw data
+ *     @size: size of data
+ *     Return: 0 on success or negative error
+ *
+ * int bpf_get_stackid(ctx, map, flags)
+ *     walk user or kernel stack and return id
+ *     @ctx: struct pt_regs*
+ *     @map: pointer to stack_trace map
+ *     @flags: bits 0-7 - numer of stack frames to skip
+ *             bit 8 - collect user stack instead of kernel
+ *             bit 9 - compare stacks by hash only
+ *             bit 10 - if two different stacks hash into the same stackid
+ *                      discard old
+ *             other bits - reserved
+ *     Return: >= 0 stackid on success or negative error
+ *
+ * s64 bpf_csum_diff(from, from_size, to, to_size, seed)
+ *     calculate csum diff
+ *     @from: raw from buffer
+ *     @from_size: length of from buffer
+ *     @to: raw to buffer
+ *     @to_size: length of to buffer
+ *     @seed: optional seed
+ *     Return: csum result or negative error code
+ *
+ * int bpf_skb_get_tunnel_opt(skb, opt, size)
+ *     retrieve tunnel options metadata
+ *     @skb: pointer to skb
+ *     @opt: pointer to raw tunnel option data
+ *     @size: size of @opt
+ *     Return: option size
+ *
+ * int bpf_skb_set_tunnel_opt(skb, opt, size)
+ *     populate tunnel options metadata
+ *     @skb: pointer to skb
+ *     @opt: pointer to raw tunnel option data
+ *     @size: size of @opt
+ *     Return: 0 on success or negative error
+ *
+ * int bpf_skb_change_proto(skb, proto, flags)
+ *     Change protocol of the skb. Currently supported is v4 -> v6,
+ *     v6 -> v4 transitions. The helper will also resize the skb. eBPF
+ *     program is expected to fill the new headers via skb_store_bytes
+ *     and lX_csum_replace.
+ *     @skb: pointer to skb
+ *     @proto: new skb->protocol type
+ *     @flags: reserved
+ *     Return: 0 on success or negative error
+ *
+ * int bpf_skb_change_type(skb, type)
+ *     Change packet type of skb.
+ *     @skb: pointer to skb
+ *     @type: new skb->pkt_type type
+ *     Return: 0 on success or negative error
+ *
+ * int bpf_skb_under_cgroup(skb, map, index)
+ *     Check cgroup2 membership of skb
+ *     @skb: pointer to skb
+ *     @map: pointer to bpf_map in BPF_MAP_TYPE_CGROUP_ARRAY type
+ *     @index: index of the cgroup in the bpf_map
+ *     Return:
+ *       == 0 skb failed the cgroup2 descendant test
+ *       == 1 skb succeeded the cgroup2 descendant test
+ *        < 0 error
+ *
+ * u32 bpf_get_hash_recalc(skb)
+ *     Retrieve and possibly recalculate skb->hash.
+ *     @skb: pointer to skb
+ *     Return: hash
+ *
+ * u64 bpf_get_current_task(void)
+ *     Returns current task_struct
+ *     Return: current
+ *
+ * int bpf_probe_write_user(void *dst, void *src, int len)
+ *     safely attempt to write to a location
+ *     @dst: destination address in userspace
+ *     @src: source address on stack
+ *     @len: number of bytes to copy
+ *     Return: 0 on success or negative error
+ *
+ * int bpf_current_task_under_cgroup(map, index)
+ *     Check cgroup2 membership of current task
+ *     @map: pointer to bpf_map in BPF_MAP_TYPE_CGROUP_ARRAY type
+ *     @index: index of the cgroup in the bpf_map
+ *     Return:
+ *       == 0 current failed the cgroup2 descendant test
+ *       == 1 current succeeded the cgroup2 descendant test
+ *        < 0 error
+ *
+ * int bpf_skb_change_tail(skb, len, flags)
+ *     The helper will resize the skb to the given new size, to be used f.e.
+ *     with control messages.
+ *     @skb: pointer to skb
+ *     @len: new skb length
+ *     @flags: reserved
+ *     Return: 0 on success or negative error
+ *
+ * int bpf_skb_pull_data(skb, len)
+ *     The helper will pull in non-linear data in case the skb is non-linear
+ *     and not all of len are part of the linear section. Only needed for
+ *     read/write with direct packet access.
+ *     @skb: pointer to skb
+ *     @len: len to make read/writeable
+ *     Return: 0 on success or negative error
+ *
+ * s64 bpf_csum_update(skb, csum)
+ *     Adds csum into skb->csum in case of CHECKSUM_COMPLETE.
+ *     @skb: pointer to skb
+ *     @csum: csum to add
+ *     Return: csum on success or negative error
+ *
+ * void bpf_set_hash_invalid(skb)
+ *     Invalidate current skb->hash.
+ *     @skb: pointer to skb
+ *
+ * int bpf_get_numa_node_id()
+ *     Return: Id of current NUMA node.
+ *
+ * int bpf_skb_change_head()
+ *     Grows headroom of skb and adjusts MAC header offset accordingly.
+ *     Will extends/reallocae as required automatically.
+ *     May change skb data pointer and will thus invalidate any check
+ *     performed for direct packet access.
+ *     @skb: pointer to skb
+ *     @len: length of header to be pushed in front
+ *     @flags: Flags (unused for now)
+ *     Return: 0 on success or negative error
+ *
+ * int bpf_xdp_adjust_head(xdp_md, delta)
+ *     Adjust the xdp_md.data by delta
+ *     @xdp_md: pointer to xdp_md
+ *     @delta: An positive/negative integer to be added to xdp_md.data
+ *     Return: 0 on success or negative on error
+ *
+ * int bpf_probe_read_str(void *dst, int size, const void *unsafe_ptr)
+ *     Copy a NUL terminated string from unsafe address. In case the string
+ *     length is smaller than size, the target is not padded with further NUL
+ *     bytes. In case the string length is larger than size, just count-1
+ *     bytes are copied and the last byte is set to NUL.
+ *     @dst: destination address
+ *     @size: maximum number of bytes to copy, including the trailing NUL
+ *     @unsafe_ptr: unsafe address
+ *     Return:
+ *       > 0 length of the string including the trailing NUL on success
+ *       < 0 error
+ *
+ * u64 bpf_get_socket_cookie(skb)
+ *     Get the cookie for the socket stored inside sk_buff.
+ *     @skb: pointer to skb
+ *     Return: 8 Bytes non-decreasing number on success or 0 if the socket
+ *     field is missing inside sk_buff
+ *
+ * u32 bpf_get_socket_uid(skb)
+ *     Get the owner uid of the socket stored inside sk_buff.
+ *     @skb: pointer to skb
+ *     Return: uid of the socket owner on success or overflowuid if failed.
+ *
+ * u32 bpf_set_hash(skb, hash)
+ *     Set full skb->hash.
+ *     @skb: pointer to skb
+ *     @hash: hash to set
+ *
+ * int bpf_setsockopt(bpf_socket, level, optname, optval, optlen)
+ *     Calls setsockopt. Not all opts are available, only those with
+ *     integer optvals plus TCP_CONGESTION.
+ *     Supported levels: SOL_SOCKET and IPPROTO_TCP
+ *     @bpf_socket: pointer to bpf_socket
+ *     @level: SOL_SOCKET or IPPROTO_TCP
+ *     @optname: option name
+ *     @optval: pointer to option value
+ *     @optlen: length of optval in bytes
+ *     Return: 0 or negative error
+ *
+ * int bpf_getsockopt(bpf_socket, level, optname, optval, optlen)
+ *     Calls getsockopt. Not all opts are available.
+ *     Supported levels: IPPROTO_TCP
+ *     @bpf_socket: pointer to bpf_socket
+ *     @level: IPPROTO_TCP
+ *     @optname: option name
+ *     @optval: pointer to option value
+ *     @optlen: length of optval in bytes
+ *     Return: 0 or negative error
+ *
+ * int bpf_sock_ops_cb_flags_set(bpf_sock_ops, flags)
+ *     Set callback flags for sock_ops
+ *     @bpf_sock_ops: pointer to bpf_sock_ops_kern struct
+ *     @flags: flags value
+ *     Return: 0 for no error
+ *             -EINVAL if there is no full tcp socket
+ *             bits in flags that are not supported by current kernel
+ *
+ * int bpf_skb_adjust_room(skb, len_diff, mode, flags)
+ *     Grow or shrink room in sk_buff.
+ *     @skb: pointer to skb
+ *     @len_diff: (signed) amount of room to grow/shrink
+ *     @mode: operation mode (enum bpf_adj_room_mode)
+ *     @flags: reserved for future use
+ *     Return: 0 on success or negative error code
+ *
+ * int bpf_sk_redirect_map(map, key, flags)
+ *     Redirect skb to a sock in map using key as a lookup key for the
+ *     sock in map.
+ *     @map: pointer to sockmap
+ *     @key: key to lookup sock in map
+ *     @flags: reserved for future use
+ *     Return: SK_PASS
+ *
+ * int bpf_sock_map_update(skops, map, key, flags)
+ *	@skops: pointer to bpf_sock_ops
+ *	@map: pointer to sockmap to update
+ *	@key: key to insert/update sock in map
+ *	@flags: same flags as map update elem
+ *
+ * int bpf_xdp_adjust_meta(xdp_md, delta)
+ *     Adjust the xdp_md.data_meta by delta
+ *     @xdp_md: pointer to xdp_md
+ *     @delta: An positive/negative integer to be added to xdp_md.data_meta
+ *     Return: 0 on success or negative on error
+ *
+ * int bpf_perf_event_read_value(map, flags, buf, buf_size)
+ *     read perf event counter value and perf event enabled/running time
+ *     @map: pointer to perf_event_array map
+ *     @flags: index of event in the map or bitmask flags
+ *     @buf: buf to fill
+ *     @buf_size: size of the buf
+ *     Return: 0 on success or negative error code
+ *
+ * int bpf_perf_prog_read_value(ctx, buf, buf_size)
+ *     read perf prog attached perf event counter and enabled/running time
+ *     @ctx: pointer to ctx
+ *     @buf: buf to fill
+ *     @buf_size: size of the buf
+ *     Return : 0 on success or negative error code
+ *
+ * int bpf_override_return(pt_regs, rc)
+ *	@pt_regs: pointer to struct pt_regs
+ *	@rc: the return value to set
+ *
+ * int bpf_msg_redirect_map(map, key, flags)
+ *     Redirect msg to a sock in map using key as a lookup key for the
+ *     sock in map.
+ *     @map: pointer to sockmap
+ *     @key: key to lookup sock in map
+ *     @flags: reserved for future use
+ *     Return: SK_PASS
+ *
+ * int bpf_bind(ctx, addr, addr_len)
+ *     Bind socket to address. Only binding to IP is supported, no port can be
+ *     set in addr.
+ *     @ctx: pointer to context of type bpf_sock_addr
+ *     @addr: pointer to struct sockaddr to bind socket to
+ *     @addr_len: length of sockaddr structure
+ *     Return: 0 on success or negative error code
+ */
+#define __BPF_FUNC_MAPPER(FN)          \
+	FN(unspec),                        \
+		FN(map_lookup_elem),           \
+		FN(map_update_elem),           \
+		FN(map_delete_elem),           \
+		FN(probe_read),                \
+		FN(ktime_get_ns),              \
+		FN(trace_printk),              \
+		FN(get_prandom_u32),           \
+		FN(get_smp_processor_id),      \
+		FN(skb_store_bytes),           \
+		FN(l3_csum_replace),           \
+		FN(l4_csum_replace),           \
+		FN(tail_call),                 \
+		FN(clone_redirect),            \
+		FN(get_current_pid_tgid),      \
+		FN(get_current_uid_gid),       \
+		FN(get_current_comm),          \
+		FN(get_cgroup_classid),        \
+		FN(skb_vlan_push),             \
+		FN(skb_vlan_pop),              \
+		FN(skb_get_tunnel_key),        \
+		FN(skb_set_tunnel_key),        \
+		FN(perf_event_read),           \
+		FN(redirect),                  \
+		FN(get_route_realm),           \
+		FN(perf_event_output),         \
+		FN(skb_load_bytes),            \
+		FN(get_stackid),               \
+		FN(csum_diff),                 \
+		FN(skb_get_tunnel_opt),        \
+		FN(skb_set_tunnel_opt),        \
+		FN(skb_change_proto),          \
+		FN(skb_change_type),           \
+		FN(skb_under_cgroup),          \
+		FN(get_hash_recalc),           \
+		FN(get_current_task),          \
+		FN(probe_write_user),          \
+		FN(current_task_under_cgroup), \
+		FN(skb_change_tail),           \
+		FN(skb_pull_data),             \
+		FN(csum_update),               \
+		FN(set_hash_invalid),          \
+		FN(get_numa_node_id),          \
+		FN(skb_change_head),           \
+		FN(xdp_adjust_head),           \
+		FN(probe_read_str),            \
+		FN(get_socket_cookie),         \
+		FN(get_socket_uid),            \
+		FN(set_hash),                  \
+		FN(setsockopt),                \
+		FN(skb_adjust_room),           \
+		FN(redirect_map),              \
+		FN(sk_redirect_map),           \
+		FN(sock_map_update),           \
+		FN(xdp_adjust_meta),           \
+		FN(perf_event_read_value),     \
+		FN(perf_prog_read_value),      \
+		FN(getsockopt),                \
+		FN(override_return),           \
+		FN(sock_ops_cb_flags_set),     \
+		FN(msg_redirect_map),          \
+		FN(msg_apply_bytes),           \
+		FN(msg_cork_bytes),            \
+		FN(msg_pull_data),             \
+		FN(bind),
+
+/* integer value in 'imm' field of BPF_CALL instruction selects which helper
+ * function eBPF program intends to call
+ */
+#define __BPF_ENUM_FN(x) BPF_FUNC_##x
+enum bpf_func_id
+{
+	__BPF_FUNC_MAPPER(__BPF_ENUM_FN)
+		__BPF_FUNC_MAX_ID,
+};
+#undef __BPF_ENUM_FN
+
+/* All flags used by eBPF helper functions, placed here. */
+
+/* BPF_FUNC_skb_store_bytes flags. */
+#define BPF_F_RECOMPUTE_CSUM (1ULL << 0)
+#define BPF_F_INVALIDATE_HASH (1ULL << 1)
+
+/* BPF_FUNC_l3_csum_replace and BPF_FUNC_l4_csum_replace flags.
+ * First 4 bits are for passing the header field size.
+ */
+#define BPF_F_HDR_FIELD_MASK 0xfULL
+
+/* BPF_FUNC_l4_csum_replace flags. */
+#define BPF_F_PSEUDO_HDR (1ULL << 4)
+#define BPF_F_MARK_MANGLED_0 (1ULL << 5)
+#define BPF_F_MARK_ENFORCE (1ULL << 6)
+
+/* BPF_FUNC_clone_redirect and BPF_FUNC_redirect flags. */
+#define BPF_F_INGRESS (1ULL << 0)
+
+/* BPF_FUNC_skb_set_tunnel_key and BPF_FUNC_skb_get_tunnel_key flags. */
+#define BPF_F_TUNINFO_IPV6 (1ULL << 0)
+
+/* BPF_FUNC_get_stackid flags. */
+#define BPF_F_SKIP_FIELD_MASK 0xffULL
+#define BPF_F_USER_STACK (1ULL << 8)
+#define BPF_F_FAST_STACK_CMP (1ULL << 9)
+#define BPF_F_REUSE_STACKID (1ULL << 10)
+
+/* BPF_FUNC_skb_set_tunnel_key flags. */
+#define BPF_F_ZERO_CSUM_TX (1ULL << 1)
+#define BPF_F_DONT_FRAGMENT (1ULL << 2)
+#define BPF_F_SEQ_NUMBER (1ULL << 3)
+
+/* BPF_FUNC_perf_event_output, BPF_FUNC_perf_event_read and
+ * BPF_FUNC_perf_event_read_value flags.
+ */
+#define BPF_F_INDEX_MASK 0xffffffffULL
+#define BPF_F_CURRENT_CPU BPF_F_INDEX_MASK
+/* BPF_FUNC_perf_event_output for sk_buff input context. */
+#define BPF_F_CTXLEN_MASK (0xfffffULL << 32)
+
+/* Mode for BPF_FUNC_skb_adjust_room helper. */
+enum bpf_adj_room_mode
+{
+	BPF_ADJ_ROOM_NET,
+};
+
+/* user accessible mirror of in-kernel sk_buff.
+ * new fields can only be added to the end of this structure
+ */
+struct __sk_buff
+{
+	__u32 len;
+	__u32 pkt_type;
+	__u32 mark;
+	__u32 queue_mapping;
+	__u32 protocol;
+	__u32 vlan_present;
+	__u32 vlan_tci;
+	__u32 vlan_proto;
+	__u32 priority;
+	__u32 ingress_ifindex;
+	__u32 ifindex;
+	__u32 tc_index;
+	__u32 cb[5];
+	__u32 hash;
+	__u32 tc_classid;
+	__u32 data;
+	__u32 data_end;
+	__u32 napi_id;
+
+	/* Accessed by BPF_PROG_TYPE_sk_skb types from here to ... */
+	__u32 family;
+	__u32 remote_ip4;	/* Stored in network byte order */
+	__u32 local_ip4;	 /* Stored in network byte order */
+	__u32 remote_ip6[4]; /* Stored in network byte order */
+	__u32 local_ip6[4];  /* Stored in network byte order */
+	__u32 remote_port;   /* Stored in network byte order */
+	__u32 local_port;	/* stored in host byte order */
+	/* ... here. */
+
+	__u32 data_meta;
+};
+
+struct bpf_tunnel_key
+{
+	__u32 tunnel_id;
+	union {
+		__u32 remote_ipv4;
+		__u32 remote_ipv6[4];
+	};
+	__u8 tunnel_tos;
+	__u8 tunnel_ttl;
+	__u16 tunnel_ext;
+	__u32 tunnel_label;
+};
+
+/* Generic BPF return codes which all BPF program types may support.
+ * The values are binary compatible with their TC_ACT_* counter-part to
+ * provide backwards compatibility with existing SCHED_CLS and SCHED_ACT
+ * programs.
+ *
+ * XDP is handled seprately, see XDP_*.
+ */
+enum bpf_ret_code
+{
+	BPF_OK = 0,
+	/* 1 reserved */
+	BPF_DROP = 2,
+	/* 3-6 reserved */
+	BPF_REDIRECT = 7,
+	/* >127 are reserved for prog type specific return codes */
+};
+
+struct bpf_sock
+{
+	__u32 bound_dev_if;
+	__u32 family;
+	__u32 type;
+	__u32 protocol;
+	__u32 mark;
+	__u32 priority;
+	__u32 src_ip4;	/* Allows 1,2,4-byte read.
+				 * Stored in network byte order.
+				 */
+	__u32 src_ip6[4]; /* Allows 1,2,4-byte read.
+				 * Stored in network byte order.
+				 */
+	__u32 src_port;   /* Allows 4-byte read.
+				 * Stored in host byte order
+				 */
+};
+
+#define XDP_PACKET_HEADROOM 256
+
+/* User return codes for XDP prog type.
+ * A valid XDP program must return one of these defined values. All other
+ * return codes are reserved for future use. Unknown return codes will
+ * result in packet drops and a warning via bpf_warn_invalid_xdp_action().
+ */
+enum xdp_action
+{
+	XDP_ABORTED = 0,
+	XDP_DROP,
+	XDP_PASS,
+	XDP_TX,
+	XDP_REDIRECT,
+};
+
+/* user accessible metadata for XDP packet hook
+ * new fields must be added to the end of this structure
+ */
+struct xdp_md
+{
+	__u32 data;
+	__u32 data_end;
+	__u32 data_meta;
+	/* Below access go through struct xdp_rxq_info */
+	__u32 ingress_ifindex; /* rxq->dev->ifindex */
+	__u32 rx_queue_index;  /* rxq->queue_index  */
+};
+
+enum sk_action
+{
+	SK_DROP = 0,
+	SK_PASS,
+};
+
+/* user accessible metadata for SK_MSG packet hook, new fields must
+ * be added to the end of this structure
+ */
+struct sk_msg_md
+{
+	void *data;
+	void *data_end;
+};
+
+#define BPF_TAG_SIZE 8
+
+struct bpf_prog_info
+{
+	__u32 type;
+	__u32 id;
+	__u8 tag[BPF_TAG_SIZE];
+	__u32 jited_prog_len;
+	__u32 xlated_prog_len;
+	__aligned_u64 jited_prog_insns;
+	__aligned_u64 xlated_prog_insns;
+	__u64 load_time; /* ns since boottime */
+	__u32 created_by_uid;
+	__u32 nr_map_ids;
+	__aligned_u64 map_ids;
+	char name[BPF_OBJ_NAME_LEN];
+	__u32 ifindex;
+	__u32 : 32;
+	__u64 netns_dev;
+	__u64 netns_ino;
+} __attribute__((aligned(8)));
+
+struct bpf_map_info
+{
+	__u32 type;
+	__u32 id;
+	__u32 key_size;
+	__u32 value_size;
+	__u32 max_entries;
+	__u32 map_flags;
+	char name[BPF_OBJ_NAME_LEN];
+	__u32 ifindex;
+	__u32 : 32;
+	__u64 netns_dev;
+	__u64 netns_ino;
+} __attribute__((aligned(8)));
+
+/* User bpf_sock_addr struct to access socket fields and sockaddr struct passed
+ * by user and intended to be used by socket (e.g. to bind to, depends on
+ * attach attach type).
+ */
+struct bpf_sock_addr
+{
+	__u32 user_family; /* Allows 4-byte read, but no write. */
+	__u32 user_ip4;	/* Allows 1,2,4-byte read and 4-byte write.
+				 * Stored in network byte order.
+				 */
+	__u32 user_ip6[4]; /* Allows 1,2,4-byte read an 4-byte write.
+				 * Stored in network byte order.
+				 */
+	__u32 user_port;   /* Allows 4-byte read and write.
+				 * Stored in network byte order
+				 */
+	__u32 family;	  /* Allows 4-byte read, but no write */
+	__u32 type;		   /* Allows 4-byte read, but no write */
+	__u32 protocol;	/* Allows 4-byte read, but no write */
+};
+
+/* User bpf_sock_ops struct to access socket values and specify request ops
+ * and their replies.
+ * Some of this fields are in network (bigendian) byte order and may need
+ * to be converted before use (bpf_ntohl() defined in samples/bpf/bpf_endian.h).
+ * New fields can only be added at the end of this structure
+ */
+struct bpf_sock_ops
+{
+	__u32 op;
+	union {
+		__u32 args[4];		/* Optionally passed to bpf program */
+		__u32 reply;		/* Returned by bpf program	    */
+		__u32 replylong[4]; /* Optionally returned by bpf prog  */
+	};
+	__u32 family;
+	__u32 remote_ip4;	/* Stored in network byte order */
+	__u32 local_ip4;	 /* Stored in network byte order */
+	__u32 remote_ip6[4]; /* Stored in network byte order */
+	__u32 local_ip6[4];  /* Stored in network byte order */
+	__u32 remote_port;   /* Stored in network byte order */
+	__u32 local_port;	/* stored in host byte order */
+	__u32 is_fullsock;   /* Some TCP fields are only valid if
+				 * there is a full socket. If not, the
+				 * fields read as zero.
+				 */
+	__u32 snd_cwnd;
+	__u32 srtt_us;				 /* Averaged RTT << 3 in usecs */
+	__u32 bpf_sock_ops_cb_flags; /* flags defined in uapi/linux/tcp.h */
+	__u32 state;
+	__u32 rtt_min;
+	__u32 snd_ssthresh;
+	__u32 rcv_nxt;
+	__u32 snd_nxt;
+	__u32 snd_una;
+	__u32 mss_cache;
+	__u32 ecn_flags;
+	__u32 rate_delivered;
+	__u32 rate_interval_us;
+	__u32 packets_out;
+	__u32 retrans_out;
+	__u32 total_retrans;
+	__u32 segs_in;
+	__u32 data_segs_in;
+	__u32 segs_out;
+	__u32 data_segs_out;
+	__u32 lost_out;
+	__u32 sacked_out;
+	__u32 sk_txhash;
+	__u64 bytes_received;
+	__u64 bytes_acked;
+};
+
+/* Definitions for bpf_sock_ops_cb_flags */
+#define BPF_SOCK_OPS_RTO_CB_FLAG (1 << 0)
+#define BPF_SOCK_OPS_RETRANS_CB_FLAG (1 << 1)
+#define BPF_SOCK_OPS_STATE_CB_FLAG (1 << 2)
+#define BPF_SOCK_OPS_ALL_CB_FLAGS 0x7 /* Mask of all currently \
+									   * supported cb flags    \
+									   */
+
+/* List of known BPF sock_ops operators.
+ * New entries can only be added at the end
+ */
+enum
+{
+	BPF_SOCK_OPS_VOID,
+	BPF_SOCK_OPS_TIMEOUT_INIT,			 /* Should return SYN-RTO value to use or
+					 * -1 if default value should be used
+					 */
+	BPF_SOCK_OPS_RWND_INIT,				 /* Should return initial advertized
+					 * window (in packets) or -1 if default
+					 * value should be used
+					 */
+	BPF_SOCK_OPS_TCP_CONNECT_CB,		 /* Calls BPF program right before an
+					 * active connection is initialized
+					 */
+	BPF_SOCK_OPS_ACTIVE_ESTABLISHED_CB,  /* Calls BPF program when an
+						 * active connection is
+						 * established
+						 */
+	BPF_SOCK_OPS_PASSIVE_ESTABLISHED_CB, /* Calls BPF program when a
+						 * passive connection is
+						 * established
+						 */
+	BPF_SOCK_OPS_NEEDS_ECN,				 /* If connection's congestion control
+					 * needs ECN
+					 */
+	BPF_SOCK_OPS_BASE_RTT,				 /* Get base RTT. The correct value is
+					 * based on the path and may be
+					 * dependent on the congestion control
+					 * algorithm. In general it indicates
+					 * a congestion threshold. RTTs above
+					 * this indicate congestion
+					 */
+	BPF_SOCK_OPS_RTO_CB,				 /* Called when an RTO has triggered.
+					 * Arg1: value of icsk_retransmits
+					 * Arg2: value of icsk_rto
+					 * Arg3: whether RTO has expired
+					 */
+	BPF_SOCK_OPS_RETRANS_CB,			 /* Called when skb is retransmitted.
+					 * Arg1: sequence number of 1st byte
+					 * Arg2: # segments
+					 * Arg3: return value of
+					 *       tcp_transmit_skb (0 => success)
+					 */
+	BPF_SOCK_OPS_STATE_CB,				 /* Called when TCP changes state.
+					 * Arg1: old_state
+					 * Arg2: new_state
+					 */
+};
+
+/* List of TCP states. There is a build check in net/ipv4/tcp.c to detect
+ * changes between the TCP and BPF versions. Ideally this should never happen.
+ * If it does, we need to add code to convert them before calling
+ * the BPF sock_ops function.
+ */
+enum
+{
+	BPF_TCP_ESTABLISHED = 1,
+	BPF_TCP_SYN_SENT,
+	BPF_TCP_SYN_RECV,
+	BPF_TCP_FIN_WAIT1,
+	BPF_TCP_FIN_WAIT2,
+	BPF_TCP_TIME_WAIT,
+	BPF_TCP_CLOSE,
+	BPF_TCP_CLOSE_WAIT,
+	BPF_TCP_LAST_ACK,
+	BPF_TCP_LISTEN,
+	BPF_TCP_CLOSING, /* Now a valid state */
+	BPF_TCP_NEW_SYN_RECV,
+
+	BPF_TCP_MAX_STATES /* Leave at the end! */
+};
+
+#define TCP_BPF_IW 1001			   /* Set TCP initial congestion window */
+#define TCP_BPF_SNDCWND_CLAMP 1002 /* Set sndcwnd_clamp */
+
+struct bpf_perf_event_value
+{
+	__u64 counter;
+	__u64 enabled;
+	__u64 running;
+};
+
+#define BPF_DEVCG_ACC_MKNOD (1ULL << 0)
+#define BPF_DEVCG_ACC_READ (1ULL << 1)
+#define BPF_DEVCG_ACC_WRITE (1ULL << 2)
+
+#define BPF_DEVCG_DEV_BLOCK (1ULL << 0)
+#define BPF_DEVCG_DEV_CHAR (1ULL << 1)
+
+struct bpf_cgroup_dev_ctx
+{
+	/* access_type encoded as (BPF_DEVCG_ACC_* << 16) | BPF_DEVCG_DEV_* */
+	__u32 access_type;
+	__u32 major;
+	__u32 minor;
+};
+
+struct bpf_raw_tracepoint_args
+{
+	__u64 args[0];
+};
+
+#endif /* _UAPI__LINUX_BPF_H__ */
diff --git a/examples/instruction_patching/ebpf/include/bpf_helpers.h b/examples/instruction_patching/ebpf/include/bpf_helpers.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bb4c86b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/instruction_patching/ebpf/include/bpf_helpers.h
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+#ifndef __BPF_HELPERS_H
+#define __BPF_HELPERS_H
+
+#define bpf_printk(fmt, ...)                       \
+	({                                             \
+		char ____fmt[] = fmt;                      \
+		bpf_trace_printk(____fmt, sizeof(____fmt), \
+						 ##__VA_ARGS__);           \
+	})
+
+/* helper macro to place programs, maps, license in
+ * different sections in elf_bpf file. Section names
+ * are interpreted by elf_bpf loader
+ */
+#define SEC(NAME) __attribute__((section(NAME), used))
+
+/* helper functions called from eBPF programs written in C */
+static void *(*bpf_map_lookup_elem)(void *map, void *key) =
+	(void *)BPF_FUNC_map_lookup_elem;
+static int (*bpf_map_update_elem)(void *map, void *key, void *value,
+								  unsigned long long flags) =
+	(void *)BPF_FUNC_map_update_elem;
+static int (*bpf_map_delete_elem)(void *map, void *key) =
+	(void *)BPF_FUNC_map_delete_elem;
+static int (*bpf_probe_read)(void *dst, int size, void *unsafe_ptr) =
+	(void *)BPF_FUNC_probe_read;
+static unsigned long long (*bpf_ktime_get_ns)(void) =
+	(void *)BPF_FUNC_ktime_get_ns;
+static int (*bpf_trace_printk)(const char *fmt, int fmt_size, ...) =
+	(void *)BPF_FUNC_trace_printk;
+static unsigned long long (*bpf_get_smp_processor_id)(void) =
+	(void *)BPF_FUNC_get_smp_processor_id;
+static unsigned long long (*bpf_get_current_pid_tgid)(void) =
+	(void *)BPF_FUNC_get_current_pid_tgid;
+static unsigned long long (*bpf_get_current_uid_gid)(void) =
+	(void *)BPF_FUNC_get_current_uid_gid;
+static int (*bpf_get_current_comm)(void *buf, int buf_size) =
+	(void *)BPF_FUNC_get_current_comm;
+static int (*bpf_perf_event_read)(void *map, int index) =
+	(void *)BPF_FUNC_perf_event_read;
+static int (*bpf_clone_redirect)(void *ctx, int ifindex, int flags) =
+	(void *)BPF_FUNC_clone_redirect;
+static int (*bpf_redirect)(int ifindex, int flags) =
+	(void *)BPF_FUNC_redirect;
+static int (*bpf_perf_event_output)(void *ctx, void *map,
+									unsigned long long flags, void *data,
+									int size) =
+	(void *)BPF_FUNC_perf_event_output;
+static int (*bpf_skb_get_tunnel_key)(void *ctx, void *key, int size, int flags) =
+	(void *)BPF_FUNC_skb_get_tunnel_key;
+static int (*bpf_skb_set_tunnel_key)(void *ctx, void *key, int size, int flags) =
+	(void *)BPF_FUNC_skb_set_tunnel_key;
+static unsigned long long (*bpf_get_prandom_u32)(void) =
+	(void *)BPF_FUNC_get_prandom_u32;
+
+/* llvm builtin functions that eBPF C program may use to
+ * emit BPF_LD_ABS and BPF_LD_IND instructions
+ */
+struct sk_buff;
+unsigned long long load_byte(void *skb,
+							 unsigned long long off) asm("llvm.bpf.load.byte");
+unsigned long long load_half(void *skb,
+							 unsigned long long off) asm("llvm.bpf.load.half");
+unsigned long long load_word(void *skb,
+							 unsigned long long off) asm("llvm.bpf.load.word");
+
+/* a helper structure used by eBPF C program
+ * to describe map attributes to elf_bpf loader
+ */
+#define BUF_SIZE_MAP_NS 256
+
+// struct bpf_map_def
+// {
+// 	unsigned int type;
+// 	unsigned int key_size;
+// 	unsigned int value_size;
+// 	unsigned int max_entries;
+// 	unsigned int map_flags;
+// 	unsigned int pinning;
+// 	char namespace[BUF_SIZE_MAP_NS];
+// };
+
+static int (*bpf_skb_store_bytes)(void *ctx, int off, void *from, int len, int flags) =
+	(void *)BPF_FUNC_skb_store_bytes;
+static int (*bpf_l3_csum_replace)(void *ctx, int off, int from, int to, int flags) =
+	(void *)BPF_FUNC_l3_csum_replace;
+static int (*bpf_l4_csum_replace)(void *ctx, int off, int from, int to, int flags) =
+	(void *)BPF_FUNC_l4_csum_replace;
+
+#if defined(__x86_64__)
+
+#define PT_REGS_PARM1(x) ((x)->di)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM2(x) ((x)->si)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM3(x) ((x)->dx)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM4(x) ((x)->cx)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM5(x) ((x)->r8)
+#define PT_REGS_RET(x) ((x)->sp)
+#define PT_REGS_FP(x) ((x)->bp)
+#define PT_REGS_RC(x) ((x)->ax)
+#define PT_REGS_SP(x) ((x)->sp)
+#define PT_REGS_IP(x) ((x)->ip)
+
+#elif defined(__s390x__)
+
+#define PT_REGS_PARM1(x) ((x)->gprs[2])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM2(x) ((x)->gprs[3])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM3(x) ((x)->gprs[4])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM4(x) ((x)->gprs[5])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM5(x) ((x)->gprs[6])
+#define PT_REGS_RET(x) ((x)->gprs[14])
+#define PT_REGS_FP(x) ((x)->gprs[11]) /* Works only with CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER */
+#define PT_REGS_RC(x) ((x)->gprs[2])
+#define PT_REGS_SP(x) ((x)->gprs[15])
+#define PT_REGS_IP(x) ((x)->ip)
+
+#elif defined(__aarch64__)
+
+#define PT_REGS_PARM1(x) ((x)->regs[0])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM2(x) ((x)->regs[1])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM3(x) ((x)->regs[2])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM4(x) ((x)->regs[3])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM5(x) ((x)->regs[4])
+#define PT_REGS_RET(x) ((x)->regs[30])
+#define PT_REGS_FP(x) ((x)->regs[29]) /* Works only with CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER */
+#define PT_REGS_RC(x) ((x)->regs[0])
+#define PT_REGS_SP(x) ((x)->sp)
+#define PT_REGS_IP(x) ((x)->pc)
+
+#elif defined(__powerpc__)
+
+#define PT_REGS_PARM1(x) ((x)->gpr[3])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM2(x) ((x)->gpr[4])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM3(x) ((x)->gpr[5])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM4(x) ((x)->gpr[6])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM5(x) ((x)->gpr[7])
+#define PT_REGS_RC(x) ((x)->gpr[3])
+#define PT_REGS_SP(x) ((x)->sp)
+#define PT_REGS_IP(x) ((x)->nip)
+
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __powerpc__
+#define BPF_KPROBE_READ_RET_IP(ip, ctx) ({ (ip) = (ctx)->link; })
+#define BPF_KRETPROBE_READ_RET_IP BPF_KPROBE_READ_RET_IP
+#else
+#define BPF_KPROBE_READ_RET_IP(ip, ctx) ({ bpf_probe_read(&(ip), sizeof(ip), (void *)PT_REGS_RET(ctx)); })
+#define BPF_KRETPROBE_READ_RET_IP(ip, ctx) ({ bpf_probe_read(&(ip), sizeof(ip), \
+															 (void *)(PT_REGS_FP(ctx) + sizeof(ip))); })
+#endif
+
+#endif
diff --git a/examples/instruction_patching/ebpf/include/bpf_map.h b/examples/instruction_patching/ebpf/include/bpf_map.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..71f1157
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/instruction_patching/ebpf/include/bpf_map.h
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#define BUF_SIZE_MAP_NS 256
+
+typedef struct bpf_map_def {
+	unsigned int type;
+	unsigned int key_size;
+	unsigned int value_size;
+	unsigned int max_entries;
+	unsigned int map_flags;
+	unsigned int inner_map_idx;
+	unsigned int pinning;
+	char namespace[BUF_SIZE_MAP_NS];
+} bpf_map_def;
+
+enum bpf_pin_type {
+	PIN_NONE = 0,
+	PIN_OBJECT_NS,
+	PIN_GLOBAL_NS,
+	PIN_CUSTOM_NS,
+};
diff --git a/examples/instruction_patching/ebpf/main.c b/examples/instruction_patching/ebpf/main.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1be313e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/instruction_patching/ebpf/main.c
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#include "include/bpf.h"
+#include "include/bpf_map.h"
+#include "include/bpf_helpers.h"
+
+char _license[] SEC("license") = "GPL";
+
+
+static void *(*bpf_patch)(unsigned long,...) = (void *)-1;
+
+SEC("kprobe/security_socket_create")
+int kprobe__security_socket_create(void *ctx) {
+    int ret = 0;
+    bpf_patch(ret);
+    return 1;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/examples/instruction_patching/main.go b/examples/instruction_patching/main.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9a87af8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/instruction_patching/main.go
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	_ "embed"
+	"fmt"
+	"github.com/cilium/ebpf"
+	"github.com/cilium/ebpf/asm"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"log"
+	"time"
+
+	manager "github.com/gojue/ebpfmanager"
+)
+
+var Probe []byte
+
+const eBPFFuncName = "kprobe__security_socket_create"
+const eBPFAsmValue = 255
+
+var m1 = &manager.Manager{
+	Probes: []*manager.Probe{
+		{
+			UID:              "MyFirstHook",
+			Section:          "kprobe/vfs_mkdir",
+			AttachToFuncName: "vfs_mkdir",
+			EbpfFuncName:     eBPFFuncName,
+		},
+	},
+	InstructionPatchers: []manager.InstructionPatcherFunc{patchBPFTelemetry},
+}
+
+const BPFTelemetryPatchCall = -1
+
+func getAllProgramSpecs(m *manager.Manager) ([]*ebpf.ProgramSpec, error) {
+	var specs []*ebpf.ProgramSpec
+	for _, p := range m.Probes {
+		oldID := manager.ProbeIdentificationPair{p.UID, p.EbpfFuncName}
+		s, present, err := m.GetProgramSpec(oldID)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		if !present {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("could not find ProgramSpec for probe %v", oldID)
+		}
+
+		specs = append(specs, s...)
+	}
+
+	return specs, nil
+}
+
+func patchBPFTelemetry(m *manager.Manager) error {
+	specs, err := getAllProgramSpecs(m)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	for _, spec := range specs {
+		if spec == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		iter := spec.Instructions.Iterate()
+		for iter.Next() {
+			ins := iter.Ins
+
+			if !ins.IsBuiltinCall() {
+				continue
+			}
+
+			if ins.Constant != BPFTelemetryPatchCall {
+				continue
+			}
+			*ins = asm.Mov.Imm(asm.R1, int32(eBPFAsmValue)).WithMetadata(ins.Metadata)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func main() {
+	if err := run(); err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func run() error {
+	if err := m1.Init(recoverAssets()); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if err := m1.Stop(manager.CleanAll); err != nil {
+			log.Print(err)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	if err := m1.Start(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	log.Println("=> Use 'bpftool prog dump xlated id <prog-id>' to verify that the instruction has been patched")
+	log.Println("=> Enter to exit")
+	// check output with `bpftool prog dump xlated id <prog-id>`
+	/*
+		root@vm-ubuntu-arm64:/home/cfc4n# bpftool prog dump xlated id 664
+		   0: (b7) r1 = 0
+		   1: (b7) r1 = 255
+		   2: (b7) r0 = 1
+		   3: (95) exit
+	*/
+	// wait for eBPF program to be loaded
+	time.Sleep(time.Second * 3)
+
+	err := check(eBPFFuncName)
+
+	if err != nil {
+		logrus.Errorf("failed to check eBPF program: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err = m1.Stop(manager.CleanAll); err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	log.Println("=> Stopped the manager")
+	return nil
+}
diff --git a/examples/instruction_patching/probe.go b/examples/instruction_patching/probe.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3675696
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/instruction_patching/probe.go
@@ -0,0 +1,276 @@
+// Code generated by go-bindata. DO NOT EDIT.
+// sources:
+// ebpf/bin/probe.o
+
+package main
+
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"compress/gzip"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func bindataRead(data []byte, name string) ([]byte, error) {
+	gz, err := gzip.NewReader(bytes.NewBuffer(data))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Read %q: %v", name, err)
+	}
+
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	_, err = io.Copy(&buf, gz)
+	clErr := gz.Close()
+
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Read %q: %v", name, err)
+	}
+	if clErr != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return buf.Bytes(), nil
+}
+
+
+type asset struct {
+	bytes []byte
+	info  fileInfoEx
+}
+
+type fileInfoEx interface {
+	os.FileInfo
+	MD5Checksum() string
+}
+
+type bindataFileInfo struct {
+	name        string
+	size        int64
+	mode        os.FileMode
+	modTime     time.Time
+	md5checksum string
+}
+
+func (fi bindataFileInfo) Name() string {
+	return fi.name
+}
+func (fi bindataFileInfo) Size() int64 {
+	return fi.size
+}
+func (fi bindataFileInfo) Mode() os.FileMode {
+	return fi.mode
+}
+func (fi bindataFileInfo) ModTime() time.Time {
+	return fi.modTime
+}
+func (fi bindataFileInfo) MD5Checksum() string {
+	return fi.md5checksum
+}
+func (fi bindataFileInfo) IsDir() bool {
+	return false
+}
+func (fi bindataFileInfo) Sys() interface{} {
+	return nil
+}
+
+var _bindataProbeO = []byte("\x1f\x8b\x08\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\xff\xac\x53\xb1\x4e\xc3\x30\x10\x7d\x6e\x02\x04\xc1\x50\x98\x18\x18\x3a\x31\x1a\x3e\xa1\x03\x85\xa5\x48\xc0\xca\x60\x92\xe8\x50\x43\x9b\x16\x39\x46\x6a\x11\x12\x13\x9f\x80\xd4\x3f\xe9\x77\x31\x31\x06\x25\x3a\x53\xcb\x4d\xd4\x85\x27\x5d\x5f\xef\x5d\xce\xcf\xce\x39\x1f\x83\xe1\x55\x47\x08\x58\x08\xfc\x60\x9d\xad\xb1\x74\xc4\x3e\xff\x46\x10\x58\xb1\xfe\x09\xa0\x2c\xcb\x72\x55\xaf\x01\x7c\xf1\xb3\xd7\xb7\xc3\x9a\xbb\x76\xfd\xb7\x7b\x44\xef\x07\xe2\x10\xc0\x09\x87\x45\xaf\xc1\xd7\xc7\x03\x80\x10\xdf\x65\x53\x2d\x40\xb0\xa1\xed\x01\x38\x76\x74\xeb\x71\x09\xe0\x08\xe1\x9f\x6e\xff\x9d\x32\x77\x38\x20\x0d\xcd\x0d\xc6\x2f\x7a\x96\x90\x52\x05\xa5\xaf\x3a\x33\x0b\x55\xcc\xd2\x31\x19\x95\x6a\x8a\x0d\x71\xf9\xbc\xa5\xaa\x26\x59\x4a\xd3\x82\x20\x35\x4d\x24\x8d\xd4\x93\x8e\x73\x42\x1e\x67\x53\x99\x42\x16\x46\x9b\x38\x81\x2c\x16\x79\xc5\xff\x83\xa4\x7e\x1f\x9b\xe8\xf1\xbc\xb4\xa7\xfb\x33\x17\x1c\xbb\x9e\xde\x6f\xf1\x0b\xbd\xfc\x6c\x4b\xbf\x3f\xeb\xc8\xcb\x07\xdc\xef\x9f\xe1\xb1\xc5\xcf\xdf\xff\x1d\x6b\x1d\x4f\x1f\x31\x5f\x6c\xf1\xbf\x01\xb0\xdf\x70\xde\x2e\x1b\xd9\xfb\x5c\xdd\xaf\x1d\xa7\xdf\xea\xcf\x0d\xde\x15\x96\xcc\x73\x67\xdf\x81\xd3\x6f\xbf\x87\xdf\x00\x00\x00\xff\xff\x20\xd9\x34\xf2\x98\x03\x00\x00")
+
+func bindataProbeOBytes() ([]byte, error) {
+	return bindataRead(
+		_bindataProbeO,
+		"/probe.o",
+	)
+}
+
+
+
+func bindataProbeO() (*asset, error) {
+	bytes, err := bindataProbeOBytes()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	info := bindataFileInfo{
+		name: "/probe.o",
+		size: 920,
+		md5checksum: "",
+		mode: os.FileMode(436),
+		modTime: time.Unix(1706883532, 0),
+	}
+
+	a := &asset{bytes: bytes, info: info}
+
+	return a, nil
+}
+
+
+//
+// Asset loads and returns the asset for the given name.
+// It returns an error if the asset could not be found or
+// could not be loaded.
+//
+func Asset(name string) ([]byte, error) {
+	cannonicalName := strings.Replace(name, "\\", "/", -1)
+	if f, ok := _bindata[cannonicalName]; ok {
+		a, err := f()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("Asset %s can't read by error: %v", name, err)
+		}
+		return a.bytes, nil
+	}
+	return nil, &os.PathError{Op: "open", Path: name, Err: os.ErrNotExist}
+}
+
+//
+// MustAsset is like Asset but panics when Asset would return an error.
+// It simplifies safe initialization of global variables.
+// nolint: deadcode
+//
+func MustAsset(name string) []byte {
+	a, err := Asset(name)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("asset: Asset(" + name + "): " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	return a
+}
+
+//
+// AssetInfo loads and returns the asset info for the given name.
+// It returns an error if the asset could not be found or could not be loaded.
+//
+func AssetInfo(name string) (os.FileInfo, error) {
+	cannonicalName := strings.Replace(name, "\\", "/", -1)
+	if f, ok := _bindata[cannonicalName]; ok {
+		a, err := f()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("AssetInfo %s can't read by error: %v", name, err)
+		}
+		return a.info, nil
+	}
+	return nil, &os.PathError{Op: "open", Path: name, Err: os.ErrNotExist}
+}
+
+//
+// AssetNames returns the names of the assets.
+// nolint: deadcode
+//
+func AssetNames() []string {
+	names := make([]string, 0, len(_bindata))
+	for name := range _bindata {
+		names = append(names, name)
+	}
+	return names
+}
+
+//
+// _bindata is a table, holding each asset generator, mapped to its name.
+//
+var _bindata = map[string]func() (*asset, error){
+	"/probe.o": bindataProbeO,
+}
+
+//
+// AssetDir returns the file names below a certain
+// directory embedded in the file by go-bindata.
+// For example if you run go-bindata on data/... and data contains the
+// following hierarchy:
+//     data/
+//       foo.txt
+//       img/
+//         a.png
+//         b.png
+// then AssetDir("data") would return []string{"foo.txt", "img"}
+// AssetDir("data/img") would return []string{"a.png", "b.png"}
+// AssetDir("foo.txt") and AssetDir("notexist") would return an error
+// AssetDir("") will return []string{"data"}.
+//
+func AssetDir(name string) ([]string, error) {
+	node := _bintree
+	if len(name) != 0 {
+		cannonicalName := strings.Replace(name, "\\", "/", -1)
+		pathList := strings.Split(cannonicalName, "/")
+		for _, p := range pathList {
+			node = node.Children[p]
+			if node == nil {
+				return nil, &os.PathError{
+					Op: "open",
+					Path: name,
+					Err: os.ErrNotExist,
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if node.Func != nil {
+		return nil, &os.PathError{
+			Op: "open",
+			Path: name,
+			Err: os.ErrNotExist,
+		}
+	}
+	rv := make([]string, 0, len(node.Children))
+	for childName := range node.Children {
+		rv = append(rv, childName)
+	}
+	return rv, nil
+}
+
+
+type bintree struct {
+	Func     func() (*asset, error)
+	Children map[string]*bintree
+}
+
+var _bintree = &bintree{Func: nil, Children: map[string]*bintree{
+	"": {Func: nil, Children: map[string]*bintree{
+		"probe.o": {Func: bindataProbeO, Children: map[string]*bintree{}},
+	}},
+}}
+
+// RestoreAsset restores an asset under the given directory
+func RestoreAsset(dir, name string) error {
+	data, err := Asset(name)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	info, err := AssetInfo(name)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	err = os.MkdirAll(_filePath(dir, filepath.Dir(name)), os.FileMode(0755))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	err = ioutil.WriteFile(_filePath(dir, name), data, info.Mode())
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return os.Chtimes(_filePath(dir, name), info.ModTime(), info.ModTime())
+}
+
+// RestoreAssets restores an asset under the given directory recursively
+func RestoreAssets(dir, name string) error {
+	children, err := AssetDir(name)
+	// File
+	if err != nil {
+		return RestoreAsset(dir, name)
+	}
+	// Dir
+	for _, child := range children {
+		err = RestoreAssets(dir, filepath.Join(name, child))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func _filePath(dir, name string) string {
+	cannonicalName := strings.Replace(name, "\\", "/", -1)
+	return filepath.Join(append([]string{dir}, strings.Split(cannonicalName, "/")...)...)
+}
diff --git a/examples/instruction_patching/utils.go b/examples/instruction_patching/utils.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a3e7aa9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/instruction_patching/utils.go
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"os/signal"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+	"unsafe"
+
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// ByteOrder - host byte order
+var ByteOrder binary.ByteOrder
+
+const (
+	//BpfProgShowProgramId = "bpftool prog show name %s |grep %s |awk -F ':' '{print $1}'"
+	BpfProgShowProgramId = "prog show name %s |grep %s |awk -F ':' '{print $1}'"
+	BpfProgDumpXlatedId  = "prog dump xlated id %s"
+	BpfAsmCode           = "r1 = %d"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	ByteOrder = getHostByteOrder()
+}
+
+// getHostByteOrder - Returns the host byte order
+func getHostByteOrder() binary.ByteOrder {
+	var i int32 = 0x01020304
+	u := unsafe.Pointer(&i)
+	pb := (*byte)(u)
+	b := *pb
+	if b == 0x04 {
+		return binary.LittleEndian
+	}
+
+	return binary.BigEndian
+}
+
+// recoverAssets - Recover ebpf asset
+func recoverAssets() io.ReaderAt {
+	buf, err := Asset("/probe.o")
+	if err != nil {
+		logrus.Fatal(fmt.Errorf("error:%v, %s", err, "couldn't find asset"))
+	}
+	return bytes.NewReader(buf)
+}
+
+func check(progName string) error {
+	if len(progName) >= 15 {
+		progName = progName[:15]
+	}
+	var c = exec.Command("bpftool", "prog", "show", "name", progName)
+	logrus.Println("executing command:", c.String())
+	output, err := c.Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("executing command:%s, error:%v", c.String(), err)
+	}
+	outputStr := string(output)
+	var outArrs = strings.Split(outputStr, ":")
+	if len(outArrs) < 2 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to find prog id in output:%s", outputStr)
+	}
+	var progId = outArrs[0]
+	logrus.Println("output:", progId)
+	c = exec.Command("bpftool", "prog", "dump", "xlated", "id", progId)
+	logrus.Println("executing command:", c.String())
+	output, err = c.Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("executing command:%s, error:%v", c.String(), err)
+	}
+	outputStr = string(output)
+	logrus.Printf("output:%s", outputStr)
+	var asmCode = fmt.Sprintf(BpfAsmCode, eBPFAsmValue)
+	if !strings.Contains(outputStr, asmCode) {
+		logrus.Fatalf("failed to find asm code:%s in output:%s", asmCode, outputStr)
+	}
+	logrus.Println("found asm code:", asmCode)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func wait() {
+	logrus.Println("run next testcase after 3 second")
+	time.Sleep(time.Second * 3)
+	//return
+	sig := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
+	signal.Notify(sig, os.Interrupt, os.Kill)
+	<-sig
+	fmt.Println()
+}
diff --git a/manager.go b/manager.go
index 9361f52..a7e6683 100644
--- a/manager.go
+++ b/manager.go
@@ -237,6 +237,10 @@ type netlinkCacheValue struct {
 	schedClsCount int
 }
 
+// InstructionPatcherFunc - A function that patches the instructions of a program
+// more info  https://github.com/DataDog/ebpf-manager/blob/main/manager.go#L158
+type InstructionPatcherFunc func(m *Manager) error
+
 // Manager - Helper structure that manages multiple eBPF programs and maps
 type Manager struct {
 	wg             *sync.WaitGroup
@@ -258,6 +262,10 @@ type Manager struct {
 	PerfMaps []*PerfMap
 
 	RingbufMaps []*RingbufMap
+
+	// InstructionPatchers - Callback functions called before loading probes, to
+	// provide user the ability to perform last minute instruction patching.
+	InstructionPatchers []InstructionPatcherFunc
 }
 
 // DumpMaps - Return a string containing human readable info about eBPF maps
@@ -526,7 +534,11 @@ func (m *Manager) InitWithOptions(elf io.ReaderAt, options Options) error {
 	m.activateProbes()
 	m.state = initialized
 	m.stateLock.Unlock()
-
+	resetManager := func(m *Manager) {
+		m.stateLock.Lock()
+		m.state = reset
+		m.stateLock.Unlock()
+	}
 	// Edit program constants
 	if len(options.ConstantEditors) > 0 {
 		if err := m.editConstants(); err != nil {
@@ -548,6 +560,14 @@ func (m *Manager) InitWithOptions(elf io.ReaderAt, options Options) error {
 		}
 	}
 
+	// Patch instructions
+	for _, patcher := range m.InstructionPatchers {
+		if err := patcher(m); err != nil {
+			resetManager(m)
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
 	// Load pinned maps and pinned programs to avoid loading them twice
 	if err := m.loadPinnedObjects(); err != nil {
 		return err