diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index a42439c24887..fc914b8cdca0 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 
 ### Fixes
 
+- `[jest-resolve-dependencies]` Continue dependency resolution if mock dependency can't be found ([#10779](https://github.com/facebook/jest/pull/10779))
+
 ### Chore & Maintenance
 
 ### Performance
diff --git a/packages/jest-resolve-dependencies/src/__tests__/dependency_resolver.test.ts b/packages/jest-resolve-dependencies/src/__tests__/dependency_resolver.test.ts
index 27323aaf024e..0eff9cf84064 100644
--- a/packages/jest-resolve-dependencies/src/__tests__/dependency_resolver.test.ts
+++ b/packages/jest-resolve-dependencies/src/__tests__/dependency_resolver.test.ts
@@ -149,3 +149,17 @@ test('resolves dependencies correctly when dependency resolution fails', () => {
 
   expect(resolved).toEqual([]);
 });
+
+test('resolves dependencies correctly when mock dependency resolution fails', () => {
+  jest.spyOn(runtimeContextResolver, 'getMockModule').mockImplementation(() => {
+    throw new Error('getMockModule has failed');
+  });
+
+  const resolved = dependencyResolver.resolve(
+    path.resolve(__dirname, '__fixtures__', 'file.test.js'),
+  );
+
+  expect(resolved).toEqual([
+    expect.stringContaining(path.join('__tests__', '__fixtures__', 'file.js')),
+  ]);
+});
diff --git a/packages/jest-resolve-dependencies/src/index.ts b/packages/jest-resolve-dependencies/src/index.ts
index ed6212e7bf14..19228328d7a7 100644
--- a/packages/jest-resolve-dependencies/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/jest-resolve-dependencies/src/index.ts
@@ -75,10 +75,14 @@ class DependencyResolver {
 
       // If we resolve a dependency, then look for a mock dependency
       // of the same name in that dependency's directory.
-      resolvedMockDependency = this._resolver.getMockModule(
-        resolvedDependency,
-        path.basename(dependency),
-      );
+      try {
+        resolvedMockDependency = this._resolver.getMockModule(
+          resolvedDependency,
+          path.basename(dependency),
+        );
+      } catch {
+        // leave resolvedMockDependency as undefined if nothing can be found
+      }
 
       if (resolvedMockDependency) {
         const dependencyMockDir = path.resolve(