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README.md

Standard ML Examples ⬆

SML project This repository gathers Standard ML code examples from various websites.
It also includes several build scripts (batch files, Make scripts) for experimenting with Standard ML on a Windows machine.

Standard ML code can be executed either as a script or as a module.

SML SML/NJ commands Moscow ML commands
script sml <script-file> mosml <script-file>
module a)
 
 		 ml-build <cm-file>b)
     <module-main>
     <image-name>		 mosmlc <source-file>
 
 
a) An SML module consists of a signature and its implementation.
b) Compilation manager file (similar in the spirit to a Makefile).

Futhermore there are also two ways to execute each of the following code examples as an SML script :

  • either interactively by running the REPL and writing use "src/hello.sml" (below the '-' character is the SML prompt) :

    > %SMLNJ_HOME%\bin\sml.bat
Standard ML of New Jersey [Version 110.99.6.1; 32-bit; October 25, 2024]
- use "src/hello.sml";
[opening src/hello.sml]
[autoloading]
[library $SMLNJ-BASIS/basis.cm is stable]
[library $SMLNJ-BASIS/(basis.cm):basis-common.cm is stable]
[autoloading done]
structure Hello : sig
  val hello : unit -> unit
  val main : 'a -> 'b
end
val it = () : unit
- Hello.main();
stdIn:2.1-2.13 Warning: type vars not generalized because of
  value restriction are instantiated to dummy types (X1,X2,...)
Hello World

  • or as a slightly modified SML script file :

    • SML/NJ (option -smlnj, default) 
      > build -verbose clean run
Execute SML script "target\hello-sml"
Standard ML of New Jersey [Version 110.99.6.1; 32-bit; October 25, 2024]
[opening K:\examples\hello\target\hello.sml]
[autoloading]
[library $SMLNJ-BASIS/basis.cm is stable]
[library $SMLNJ-BASIS/(basis.cm):basis-common.cm is stable]
[autoloading done]
Hello World
    • Moscow ML (option -mosml) 
      > build -verbose -mosml clean run
Execute SML script "target\hello.sml" 1 a
Moscow ML version 2.01 (January 2004)
Enter `quit();' to quit.
[opening file "K:\examples\hello\target\hello.sml"]
> val it = () : unit
> val it = () : unit
> val it = () : unit
Hello World

    Note: build.bat does simply appends a new line to the executed script in order to force the evaluation of the main function (together with the appropriate arguments).

    > diff src\hello.sml target\hello.sml
12a13,14
>
> val _ = Hello.main ["1","a"]

args Example

This project has the following directory structure :

> tree /a /f .| findstr /v /b [A-Z]
|   build.bat
|   build.cm
\---src
        args.sml

We execute the slightly modified SML script file target\args.sml as follows :

> build -verbose clean run
Execute SML script "args"
Standard ML of New Jersey [Version 110.99.6.1; 32-bit; October 25, 2024]
[opening K:\examples\args\target\args.sml]
[autoloading]
[library $SMLNJ-BASIS/basis.cm is stable]
[library $SMLNJ-BASIS/(basis.cm):basis-common.cm is stable]
[autoloading done]
Command: C:\opt\smlnj\bin\.run\run.x86-win32.exe
Arguments: 1
That's right! 1

We add compile to the above command in order to generate and execute the SML image args-image.x86-win32:

> build -verbose clean compile run
Compile SML source file "args"
Standard ML of New Jersey [Version 110.99.6.1; 32-bit; October 25, 2024]
[scanning ../build.cm]
[parsing ../(build.cm):src/args.sml]
[creating directory ..\src\.cm\SKEL]
[library $SMLNJ-BASIS/basis.cm is stable]
[library $SMLNJ-BASIS/(basis.cm):basis-common.cm is stable]
[compiling ../(build.cm):src/args.sml]
[...]
[code: 334, data: 74, env: 39 bytes]
Execute SML image "target\args-image.x86-win32"
That's right! 1

Note: The output directory contains the generated SML image file with the suffix x86-win32, a combinaison of x86 for a particular architecture and win32 for the operating system.

> tree /a /f target | findstr /v /b [A-Z]
|   args-image.x86-win32  (240 KB)
\---.cm
    +---GUID
    +---SKEL
    \---x86-win32

hello Example ▴

This project has the following directory structure :

> tree /a /f .| findstr /v /b [A-Z]
|   build.bat
|   build.cm
\---src
        hello.sml

We execute the slightly modified SML script file [tatget\hello.sml] :

> build -verbose clean run
Execute SML script "hello"
Standard ML of New Jersey [Version 110.99.6.1; 32-bit; October 25, 2024]
[opening K:\examples\hello\target\hello.sml]
[autoloading]
[library $SMLNJ-BASIS/basis.cm is stable]
[library $SMLNJ-BASIS/(basis.cm):basis-common.cm is stable]
[autoloading done]
Hello World

We add compile to the above command in order to generate and execute the SML image hello-image.x86-win32 :

> build -verbose clean compile run
Compile SML source file "hello"
Standard ML of New Jersey [Version 110.99.6.1; 32-bit; October 25, 2024]
[scanning ../build.cm]
[parsing ../(build.cm):src/hello.sml]
[creating directory ..\src\.cm\SKEL]
[library $SMLNJ-BASIS/basis.cm is stable]
[library $SMLNJ-BASIS/(basis.cm):basis-common.cm is stable]
[compiling ../(build.cm):src/hello.sml]
[...]
[code: 335, data: 75, env: 39 bytes]
Execute SML image "target\hello-image.x86-win32"
Hello World

norm Example ▴

This project has the following directory structure :

> tree /a /f . | findstr /v /b [A-Z]
|   build.bat
|   build.cm
\---src
        helper.sml
        main.sml

We execute the SML script file target\main.sml as follows :

> build -verbose clean run
Execute SML script "main"
Standard ML of New Jersey [Version 110.99.6.1; 32-bit; October 25, 2024]
[opening K:\examples\norm\target\main.sml]
[opening src/script/helper.sml]
[autoloading]
[library $SMLNJ-BASIS/basis.cm is stable]
[library $SMLNJ-BASIS/(basis.cm):basis-common.cm is stable]
[autoloading done]
val intSquare = fn : int -> int
val square = fn : real -> real
val cube = fn : real -> real
val pi = 3.1415926535 : real
val degreeToRadian = fn : real -> real
val it = () : unit
[autoloading]
[autoloading done]
31.0062766776
1.57079632675
3.60555127546

qsort Example

This code example is taken from the Williams College course "CSCI 334 – Principles of Programming Languages"; it has the following directory structure :

> tree /a /f .| findstr /v /b [A-Z]
|   00download.txt
|   build.bat
|   build.cm
\---src
        qsort.sml

We execute the slightly modified SML script file target\qsort.sml as follows :

  • SML/NJ (option -smlnj, default)

    > build -verbose clean run
Execute SML script "target\qsort.sml"
Standard ML of New Jersey [Version 110.99.6.1; 32-bit; October 25, 2024]
[opening K:\examples\qsort\target\qsort.sml]
[autoloading]
[library $smlnj/compiler/current.cm is stable]
[...]
[autoloading done]
val it = () : unit
val it = () : unit
[autoloading]
[autoloading done]
list=6,23,6,3,78,23,12,6,7,34,7,1,23,7,23,6,3,6
qsort=1,3,3,6,6,6,6,6,7,7,7,12,23,23,23,23,34,78

  • Moscow ML (option -mosml)

    > build -verbose -mosml clean run
Execute SML script "target\qsort.sml"
Moscow ML version 2.01 (January 2004)
Enter `quit();' to quit.
[opening file "K:\examples\qsort\target\qsort.sml"]
> val it = () : unit
> val it = () : unit
> val it = () : unit
> val it = () : unit
list=6,23,6,3,78,23,12,6,7,34,7,1,23,7,23,6,3,6
qsort=1,3,3,6,6,6,6,6,7,7,7,12,23,23,23,23,34,78

polysort Example

This code example is taken from the Williams College course "CSCI 334 – Principles of Programming Languages"; it has the following directory structure :

> tree /a /f .| findstr /v /b [A-Z]
|   00download.txt
|   build.bat
|   build.cm
\---src
        polysort.sml

We execute the slightly modified SML script file target\polysort.sml as follows :

  • SML/NJ (option -smlnj, default)

    > build -verbose clean run
Execute SML script "target\polysort.sml"
Standard ML of New Jersey [Version 110.99.6.1; 32-bit; October 25, 2024]
[opening K:\examples\polysort\target\polysort.sml]
[autoloading]
[library $smlnj/compiler/current.cm is stable]
[...]
[autoloading done]
val it = () : unit
val it = () : unit
val partition = fn : ('a * 'b -> bool) * 'b * 'a list -> 'a list * 'a list
val qsort = fn : ('a * 'a -> bool) * 'a list -> 'a list
[autoloading]
[autoloading done]
list1=6,23,6,3,78,23,12,6,7,34,7
qsort1=3,6,6,6,7,7,12,23,23,34,78

list2=~3,5,2,~1
qsort2=~1,2,~3,5

list3=moo,purple,cow,wombat
qsort3=cow,moo,purple,wombat

  • Moscow ML (option -mosml)

    > build -verbose -mosml clean run
Execute SML script "target\polysort.sml"
Moscow ML version 2.01 (January 2004)
Enter `quit();' to quit.
[opening file "K:\examples\polysort\target\polysort.sml"]
> val it = () : unit
> val it = () : unit
> val it = () : unit
> val it = () : unit
> val ('a, 'b) partition = fn :
  ('a * 'b -> bool) * 'b * 'a list -> 'a list * 'a list
> val 'a qsort = fn : ('a * 'a -> bool) * 'a list -> 'a list
list1=6,23,6,3,78,23,12,6,7,34,7
qsort1=3,6,6,6,7,7,12,23,23,34,78

list2=~3,5,2,~1
qsort2=~1,2,~3,5

list3=moo,purple,cow,wombat
qsort3=cow,moo,purple,wombat

sumpairs Example

This project has the following directory structure :

> tree /a /f .| findstr /v /b [A-Z]
|   build.bat
|   build.cm
\---src
        sumpairs.sml

We execute the slightly modified SML script file target\sumpairs.sml as follows :

  • SML/NJ (option -smlnj, default)

    > build -verbose clean run
Execute SML script "sumpairs"
Standard ML of New Jersey [Version 110.99.6.1; 32-bit; October 25, 2024]
[opening K:\examples\sumpairs\target\sumpairs.sml]
[autoloading]
[library $SMLNJ-BASIS/basis.cm is stable]
[library $SMLNJ-BASIS/(basis.cm):basis-common.cm is stable]
[autoloading done]
val sumpairs = fn : int list -> int list
val listToString = fn : int list -> string
list=1,2,3,4
sumpairs=3,7

  • Moscow ML (option -mosml)

    > build -verbose -mosml clean run
Execute SML script "target\sumpairs.sml"
Moscow ML version 2.01 (January 2004)
Enter `quit();' to quit.
[opening file "K:\examples\sumpairs\target\sumpairs.sml"]
> val it = () : unit
> val it = () : unit
> val it = () : unit
> val it = () : unit
list=1,2,3,4
sumpairs=3,7

We add compile to the above command in order to generate and execute the SML image target\sumpairs-image.x86-win32 :

> build -verbose clean compile run
Compile SML source file "sumpairs"
Standard ML of New Jersey [Version 110.99.6.1; 32-bit; October 25, 2024]
[scanning ../build.cm]
[parsing ../(build.cm):src/sumpairs.sml]
[creating directory ..\src\.cm\SKEL]
[library $SMLNJ-BASIS/basis.cm is stable]
[library $SMLNJ-BASIS/(basis.cm):basis-common.cm is stable]
[compiling ../(build.cm):src/sumpairs.sml]
[...]
[code: 338, data: 78, env: 39 bytes]
Execute SML image "target\sumpairs-image.x86-win32"
list=1,2,3,4
sumpairs=3,7

mics/January 2025 ▲