compile

#!/usr/bin/env bash

# The Heroku Python Buildpack. This script accepts parameters for a build
# directory, a cache directory, and a directory for app environment variables.

# Warning: there are a few hacks in this script to accommodate excellent builds
# on Heroku. No guarantee for external compatibility is made. However,
# everything should work fine outside of the Heroku environment, if the
# environment is setup correctly.

# Usage:
#
#     $ bin/compile <build-dir> <cache-dir> <env-path>

# Fail fast and fail hard.
set -eo pipefail

# Boostrap the Buildpack Standard Library.
export BPLOG_PREFIX="buildpack.python"
export BUILDPACK_LOG_FILE=${BUILDPACK_LOG_FILE:-/dev/null}

[ "$BUILDPACK_XTRACE" ] && set -o xtrace

# Prepend proper path for old-school virtualenv hackery.
# This may not be neccessary.
export PATH=:/usr/local/bin:$PATH

# Setup Path variables, for later use in the Buildpack.
BIN_DIR=$(cd "$(dirname "$0")"; pwd) # absolute path
ROOT_DIR=$(dirname "$BIN_DIR")
BUILD_DIR=$1
CACHE_DIR=$2
ENV_DIR=$3

# Export Path variables, for use in sub-scripts.
export BUILD_DIR CACHE_DIR ENV_DIR

# Set the Buildpack's internet target for downloading Python distributions.
# The user can provide BUILDPACK_VENDOR_URL to specify a custom target.
# Note: this is designed for non-Heroku use, as it does not use the user-provided
# environment variable mechanism (the ENV_DIR).
VENDOR_URL="https://lang-python.s3.amazonaws.com/$STACK"
if [[ -n ${BUILDPACK_VENDOR_URL:-} ]]; then
    VENDOR_URL="$BUILDPACK_VENDOR_URL"
elif [[ -n ${USE_STAGING_BINARIES} ]]; then
    VENDOR_URL="$USE_STAGING_BINARIES/$STACK"
fi
export VENDOR_URL

# Default Python Versions
# shellcheck source=bin/default_pythons
source "$BIN_DIR/default_pythons"

# Supported Python Branches
PY38="python-3.8"
PY37="python-3.7"
PY36="python-3.6"
PY35="python-3.5"
PY34="python-3.4"
PY27="python-2.7"
PYPY27="pypy2.7"
PYPY36="pypy3.6"

# Which stack is used (for binary downloading), if none is provided (e.g. outside of Heroku)?
DEFAULT_PYTHON_STACK="cedar-14"
# If pip doesn't match this version (the version we install), run the installer.
PIP_UPDATE="20.0.2"

for file in "$BUILD_DIR/runtime.txt" "$CACHE_DIR/.heroku/python-version" ; do
    [ -f "$file" ] || continue

    version=$(tr -d '[:space:]' < "$file")

    case "$version" in "$PY34"*)
        # Python 3.4 support was dropped in pip >= 19.2.
        PIP_UPDATE="19.1.1"
        break
        ;;
    esac
done

if [[ -f "$BUILD_DIR/Pipfile" ]]; then
    # Do not force pipenv users to re-install pipenv locally.
    PIP_UPDATE="9.0.2"
fi

export DEFAULT_PYTHON_STACK PIP_UPDATE
export PY37 PY36 PY35 PY27 PY34

# Common Problem Warnings:
# This section creates a temporary file in which to stick the output of `pip install`.
# The `warnings` subscript then greps through this for common problems and guides
# the user towards resolution of known issues.
WARNINGS_LOG=$(mktemp)
export WARNINGS_LOG
export RECOMMENDED_PYTHON_VERSION=$DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION

# The buildpack ships with a few executable tools (e.g. pip-grep, etc).
# This installs them into the path, so we can execute them directly.
export PATH=$PATH:$ROOT_DIR/vendor/:$ROOT_DIR/vendor/pip-pop

# Set environment variables if they weren't set by the platform.
# Note: this is legacy, for a deprecated build system known as Anvil.
# This can likely be removed, with caution.
[ ! "$SLUG_ID" ] && SLUG_ID="defaultslug"
[ ! "$REQUEST_ID" ] && REQUEST_ID=$SLUG_ID
[ ! "$STACK" ] && STACK=$DEFAULT_PYTHON_STACK

# Sanitize externally-provided environment variables:
# The following environment variables are either problematic or simply unneccessary
# for the buildpack to have knowledge of, so we unset them, to keep the environment
# as clean and pristine as possible.
unset GIT_DIR PYTHONHOME PYTHONPATH
unset RECEIVE_DATA RUN_KEY BUILD_INFO DEPLOY LOG_TOKEN
unset CYTOKINE_LOG_FILE GEM_PATH

# Import the utils script, which contains helper functions used throughout the buildpack.
# shellcheck source=bin/utils
source "$BIN_DIR/utils"

# Import the warnings script, which contains the `pip install` user warning mechanisms
# (mentioned and explained above)
# shellcheck source=bin/warnings
source "$BIN_DIR/warnings"

# Make the directory in which we will create symlinks from the temporary build directory
# to `/app`.
# Symlinks are required, since Python is not a portable installation.
# More on this topic later.
mkdir -p /app/.heroku

# This buildpack programatically generates (or simply copies) a number of files for
# buildpack machinery: an export script, and a number of `.profile.d` scripts. This
# section declares the locations of those files and targets.
PROFILE_PATH="$BUILD_DIR/.profile.d/python.sh"
EXPORT_PATH="$BIN_DIR/../export"
GUNICORN_PROFILE_PATH="$BUILD_DIR/.profile.d/python.gunicorn.sh"
WEB_CONCURRENCY_PROFILE_PATH="$BUILD_DIR/.profile.d/WEB_CONCURRENCY.sh"

# We'll need to send these statics to other scripts we `source`.
export BUILD_DIR CACHE_DIR BIN_DIR PROFILE_PATH EXPORT_PATH

# Python Environment Variables
# Set Python-specific environment variables, for running Python within the buildpack.
# Notes on each variable included.

# PATH is relatively obvious, we need to be able to execute 'python'.
export PATH=/app/.heroku/python/bin:/app/.heroku/vendor/bin:$PATH
# Tell Python to not buffer it's stdin/stdout.
export PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1
# Set the locale to a well-known and expected standard.
export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
# `~/.heroku/vendor` is an place where the buildpack may stick pre-build binaries for known
# C dependencies (e.g. libmemcached on cedar-14). This section configures Python (GCC, more specifically)
# and pip to automatically include these paths when building binaries.
export C_INCLUDE_PATH=/app/.heroku/vendor/include:/app/.heroku/python/include:$C_INCLUDE_PATH
export CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH=/app/.heroku/vendor/include:/app/.heroku/python/include:$CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH
export LIBRARY_PATH=/app/.heroku/vendor/lib:/app/.heroku/python/lib:$LIBRARY_PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/app/.heroku/vendor/lib:/app/.heroku/python/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/app/.heroku/vendor/lib/pkg-config:/app/.heroku/python/lib/pkg-config:$PKG_CONFIG_PATH

# The Application Code
# --------------------

# Switch to the repo's context.
cd "$BUILD_DIR"

# The Cache
# ---------

# The workflow for the Python Buildpack's cache is as follows:
#
# - `~/.heroku/{known-paths}` are copied from the cache into the slug.
# - The build is executed, modifying `~/.heroku/{known-paths}`.
# - Once the build is complete, `~/.heroku/{known-paths}` is copied back into the cache.

# Create the cache directory, if it doesn't exist.
mkdir -p "$CACHE_DIR"

# Restore old artifacts from the cache.
mkdir -p .heroku

# The Python installation.
cp -R "$CACHE_DIR/.heroku/python" .heroku/ &> /dev/null || true
# A plain text file which contains the current stack being used (used for cache busting).
cp -R "$CACHE_DIR/.heroku/python-stack" .heroku/ &> /dev/null || true
# A plain text file which contains the current python version being used (used for cache busting).
cp -R "$CACHE_DIR/.heroku/python-version" .heroku/ &> /dev/null || true
# A plain text file which contains the current sqlite3 version being used (used for cache busting).
cp -R "$CACHE_DIR/.heroku/python-sqlite3-version" .heroku/ &> /dev/null || true
# Any pre-compiled binaries, provided by the buildpack.
cp -R "$CACHE_DIR/.heroku/vendor" .heroku/ &> /dev/null || true
# "editable" installations of code repositories, via pip or pipenv.
if [[ -d "$CACHE_DIR/.heroku/src" ]]; then
  cp -R "$CACHE_DIR/.heroku/src" .heroku/ &> /dev/null || true
fi

# The pre_compile hook. Customers rely on this. Don't remove it.
# This part of the code is used to allow users to customize their build experience
# without forking the buildpack by providing a `bin/pre_compile` script, which gets
# run inline with the buildpack automatically.

# shellcheck source=bin/steps/hooks/pre_compile
source "$BIN_DIR/steps/hooks/pre_compile"

# Sticky runtimes. If there was a previous build, and it used a given version of Python,
# continue to use that version of Python in perpituity (warnings will be raised if
# they are out–of–date).
if [ -f "$CACHE_DIR/.heroku/python-version" ]; then
  DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION=$(cat "$CACHE_DIR/.heroku/python-version")
fi

# We didn't always record the stack version. This code is in place because of that.
if [ -f "$CACHE_DIR/.heroku/python-stack" ]; then
  CACHED_PYTHON_STACK=$(cat "$CACHE_DIR/.heroku/python-stack")
else
  CACHED_PYTHON_STACK=$STACK
fi

export CACHED_PYTHON_STACK

# Pipenv Python version support.
# Detect the version of Python requested from a Pipfile (e.g. python_version or python_full_version).
# Convert it to a runtime.txt file.

# shellcheck source=bin/steps/pipenv-python-version
source "$BIN_DIR/steps/pipenv-python-version"

# If no runtime was provided by the user, assume the default Python runtime version.
if [ ! -f runtime.txt ]; then
  echo "$DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION" > runtime.txt
fi

# Create the directory for .profile.d, if it doesn't exist.
mkdir -p "$(dirname "$PROFILE_PATH")"
# Create the directory for editable source code installation, if it doesn't exist.
mkdir -p /app/.heroku/src

# On Heroku CI, builds happen in `/app`. Otherwise, on the Heroku platform,
# they occur in a temp directory. Beacuse Python is not portable, we must create
# symlinks to emulate that we are operating in `/app` during the build process.
# This is (hopefully obviously) because apps end up running from `/app` in production.
if [[ $BUILD_DIR != '/app' ]]; then
    # python expects to reside in /app, so set up symlinks
    # we will not remove these later so subsequent buildpacks can still invoke it
    ln -nsf "$BUILD_DIR/.heroku/python" /app/.heroku/python
    ln -nsf "$BUILD_DIR/.heroku/vendor" /app/.heroku/vendor
    # Note: .heroku/src is copied in later.
fi

# Download / Install Python, from pre-build binaries available on Amazon S3.
# This step also bootstraps pip / setuptools.
(( start=$(nowms) ))
# shellcheck source=bin/steps/python
source "$BIN_DIR/steps/python"
mtime "python.install.time" "${start}"

# Install Pipenv dependencies, if a Pipfile was provided.
# shellcheck source=bin/steps/pipenv
source "$BIN_DIR/steps/pipenv"

# Uninstall removed dependencies with Pip.
# The buildpack will automatically remove any declared dependencies (in requirements.txt)
# that were explicitly removed. This machinery is a bit complex, but it is not complicated.
(( start=$(nowms) ))
# shellcheck source=bin/steps/pip-uninstall
source "$BIN_DIR/steps/pip-uninstall"
mtime "pip.uninstall.time" "${start}"

# If no requirements.txt file given, assume `setup.py develop` is intended.
# This allows for people to ship a setup.py application to Heroku
# (which is rare, but I vouch that it should work!)

if [ ! -f requirements.txt ] && [ ! -f Pipfile ]; then
  echo "-e ." > requirements.txt
fi

# Fix egg-links.
# Because we're installing things into a different path than we're running them (temp dir vs app dir),
# We must re-write all of Python's eggpath links to target the proper directory.
# shellcheck source=bin/steps/eggpath-fix
source "$BIN_DIR/steps/eggpath-fix"

# Mercurial support.
# If a customer appears to be using mercurial for dependency resolution, we install it first.
# Note: this only applies to pip, not pipenv. This can likely be removed, over time. Measure it first.
# shellcheck source=bin/steps/mercurial
source "$BIN_DIR/steps/mercurial"

# Pylibmc support.
# On cedar-14, libmemcached was not available. The buildpack provides its own version, instead.
# shellcheck source=bin/steps/pylibmc
source "$BIN_DIR/steps/pylibmc"

# Support for Geo libraries. This is deprecated functionality, only functional on cedar-14.
# It is undocumented.
# shellcheck source=bin/steps/geo-libs
sub_env "$BIN_DIR/steps/geo-libs"

# GDAL support.
# This is part of the Geo support.
# shellcheck source=bin/steps/gdal
source "$BIN_DIR/steps/gdal"

# SQLite3 support.
# This sets up and installs sqlite3 dev headers and the sqlite3 binary but not the
# libsqlite3-0 library since that exists on the stack image.
# Note: This only applies to Python 2.7.15+ and Python 3.6.6+
(( start=$(nowms) ))
# shellcheck source=bin/steps/sqlite3
source "$BIN_DIR/steps/sqlite3"
buildpack_sqlite3_install
mtime "sqlite3.install.time" "${start}"

# pip install
# -----------

# Install dependencies with pip (where the magic happens).
(( start=$(nowms) ))
# shellcheck source=bin/steps/pip-install
source "$BIN_DIR/steps/pip-install"
mtime "pip.install.time" "${start}"

# Support for NLTK corpora.
# Note: this may only work on Python 2.7. I don't think many customers use this functionality,
# and it should probably be undocumented.
# (there's an import error on 3.6 that should hopefully be fixed upstream at some point)
(( start=$(nowms) ))
sub_env "$BIN_DIR/steps/nltk"
mtime "nltk.download.time" "${start}"

# Support for editable installations. Here, we are copying pip–created src directory,
# and copying it into the proper place (the logical place to do this was early, but it must be done here).
# In CI, $BUILD_DIR is /app.
if [[ ! "$BUILD_DIR" == "/app" ]]; then
  rm -fr "$BUILD_DIR/.heroku/src"
  deep-cp /app/.heroku/src "$BUILD_DIR/.heroku/src"
fi


# Django collectstatic support.
# The buildpack automatically runs collectstatic for Django applications.
# This is the cause for the majority of build failures on the Python platform.
# These failures are intentional — if collectstatic (which can be tricky, at times) fails,
# your build fails.
(( start=$(nowms) ))
sub_env "$BIN_DIR/steps/collectstatic"
mtime "collectstatic.time" "${start}"


# Progamatically create .profile.d script for application runtime environment variables.

# Set the PATH to include Python / pip / pipenv / etc.
set_env PATH "\$HOME/.heroku/python/bin:\$PATH"
# Tell Python to run in unbuffered mode.
set_env PYTHONUNBUFFERED true
# Tell Python where it lives.
set_env PYTHONHOME "\$HOME/.heroku/python"
# Set variables for C libraries.
set_env LIBRARY_PATH "\$HOME/.heroku/vendor/lib:\$HOME/.heroku/python/lib:\$LIBRARY_PATH"
set_env LD_LIBRARY_PATH "\$HOME/.heroku/vendor/lib:\$HOME/.heroku/python/lib:\$LD_LIBRARY_PATH"
# Locale.
set_default_env LANG en_US.UTF-8
# The Python hash seed is set to random.
set_default_env PYTHONHASHSEED random
# Tell Python to look for Python modules in the /app dir. Don't change this.
set_default_env PYTHONPATH "\$HOME"

# Python expects to be in /app, if at runtime, it is not, set
# up symlinks… this can occur when the subdir buildpack is used.
cat <<EOT >> "$PROFILE_PATH"
if [[ \$HOME != "/app" ]]; then
    mkdir -p /app/.heroku
    ln -nsf "\$HOME/.heroku/python" /app/.heroku/python
    ln -nsf "\$HOME/.heroku/vendor" /app/.heroku/vendor
fi
EOT

# Install sane-default script for $WEB_CONCURRENCY and $FORWARDED_ALLOW_IPS.
cp "$ROOT_DIR/vendor/WEB_CONCURRENCY.sh" "$WEB_CONCURRENCY_PROFILE_PATH"
cp "$ROOT_DIR/vendor/python.gunicorn.sh" "$GUNICORN_PROFILE_PATH"

# Experimental post_compile hook. Don't remove this.
# shellcheck source=bin/steps/hooks/post_compile
source "$BIN_DIR/steps/hooks/post_compile"

# Fix egg-links, again.
# shellcheck source=bin/steps/eggpath-fix2
source "$BIN_DIR/steps/eggpath-fix2"

# Store new artifacts in the cache.
rm -rf "$CACHE_DIR/.heroku/python"
rm -rf "$CACHE_DIR/.heroku/python-version"
rm -rf "$CACHE_DIR/.heroku/python-stack"
rm -rf "$CACHE_DIR/.heroku/vendor"
rm -rf "$CACHE_DIR/.heroku/src"

mkdir -p "$CACHE_DIR/.heroku"
cp -R .heroku/python "$CACHE_DIR/.heroku/"
cp -R .heroku/python-version "$CACHE_DIR/.heroku/"
cp -R .heroku/python-stack "$CACHE_DIR/.heroku/" &> /dev/null || true
cp -R .heroku/vendor "$CACHE_DIR/.heroku/" &> /dev/null || true
if [[ -d .heroku/src ]]; then
  cp -R .heroku/src "$CACHE_DIR/.heroku/" &> /dev/null || true
fi

# Measure the size of the Python installation.
# shellcheck disable=SC2119
mmeasure 'python.size' "$(measure-size)"