Creating a simple currency converter.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Pulling data from public APIs (without registration) - GET request"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# loading the packages\n",
    "# requests provides us with the capabilities of sending an HTTP request to a server\n",
    "import requests"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Extracting data on currency exchange rates"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# We will use an API containing currency exchange rates as published by the European Central Bank\n",
    "# Documentation at https://exchangeratesapi.io"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Sending a GET request"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Define the base URL\n",
    "# Base URL: the part of the URL common to all requests, not containing the parameters\n",
    "base_url = \"https://api.exchangeratesapi.io/latest\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# We can make a GET request to this API endpoint with requests.get\n",
    "response = requests.get(base_url)\n",
    "\n",
    "# This method returns the response from the server\n",
    "# We store this response in a variable for future processing"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Investigating the response"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 5,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Checking if the request went through ok\n",
    "response.ok"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "200"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 6,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Checking the status code of the response\n",
    "response.status_code"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'{\"rates\":{\"CAD\":1.5613,\"HKD\":8.9041,\"ISK\":145.0,\"PHP\":58.013,\"DKK\":7.4695,\"HUF\":336.25,\"CZK\":25.504,\"AUD\":1.733,\"RON\":4.8175,\"SEK\":10.7203,\"IDR\":16488.05,\"INR\":84.96,\"BRL\":5.4418,\"RUB\":85.1553,\"HRK\":7.55,\"JPY\":117.12,\"THB\":36.081,\"CHF\":1.0594,\"SGD\":1.5841,\"PLN\":4.3132,\"BGN\":1.9558,\"TRY\":7.0002,\"CNY\":7.96,\"NOK\":10.89,\"NZD\":1.8021,\"ZAR\":18.2898,\"USD\":1.1456,\"MXN\":24.3268,\"ILS\":4.0275,\"GBP\":0.87383,\"KRW\":1374.71,\"MYR\":4.8304},\"base\":\"EUR\",\"date\":\"2020-03-09\"}'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 7,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Inspecting the content body of the response (as a regular 'string')\n",
    "response.text"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "b'{\"rates\":{\"CAD\":1.5613,\"HKD\":8.9041,\"ISK\":145.0,\"PHP\":58.013,\"DKK\":7.4695,\"HUF\":336.25,\"CZK\":25.504,\"AUD\":1.733,\"RON\":4.8175,\"SEK\":10.7203,\"IDR\":16488.05,\"INR\":84.96,\"BRL\":5.4418,\"RUB\":85.1553,\"HRK\":7.55,\"JPY\":117.12,\"THB\":36.081,\"CHF\":1.0594,\"SGD\":1.5841,\"PLN\":4.3132,\"BGN\":1.9558,\"TRY\":7.0002,\"CNY\":7.96,\"NOK\":10.89,\"NZD\":1.8021,\"ZAR\":18.2898,\"USD\":1.1456,\"MXN\":24.3268,\"ILS\":4.0275,\"GBP\":0.87383,\"KRW\":1374.71,\"MYR\":4.8304},\"base\":\"EUR\",\"date\":\"2020-03-09\"}'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 8,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Inspecting the content of the response (in 'bytes' format)\n",
    "response.content"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# The data is presented in JSON format"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Handling the JSON"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'rates': {'CAD': 1.5613,\n",
       "  'HKD': 8.9041,\n",
       "  'ISK': 145.0,\n",
       "  'PHP': 58.013,\n",
       "  'DKK': 7.4695,\n",
       "  'HUF': 336.25,\n",
       "  'CZK': 25.504,\n",
       "  'AUD': 1.733,\n",
       "  'RON': 4.8175,\n",
       "  'SEK': 10.7203,\n",
       "  'IDR': 16488.05,\n",
       "  'INR': 84.96,\n",
       "  'BRL': 5.4418,\n",
       "  'RUB': 85.1553,\n",
       "  'HRK': 7.55,\n",
       "  'JPY': 117.12,\n",
       "  'THB': 36.081,\n",
       "  'CHF': 1.0594,\n",
       "  'SGD': 1.5841,\n",
       "  'PLN': 4.3132,\n",
       "  'BGN': 1.9558,\n",
       "  'TRY': 7.0002,\n",
       "  'CNY': 7.96,\n",
       "  'NOK': 10.89,\n",
       "  'NZD': 1.8021,\n",
       "  'ZAR': 18.2898,\n",
       "  'USD': 1.1456,\n",
       "  'MXN': 24.3268,\n",
       "  'ILS': 4.0275,\n",
       "  'GBP': 0.87383,\n",
       "  'KRW': 1374.71,\n",
       "  'MYR': 4.8304},\n",
       " 'base': 'EUR',\n",
       " 'date': '2020-03-09'}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 10,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Requests has in-build method to directly convert the response to JSON format\n",
    "response.json()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "dict"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 11,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# In Python, this JSON is stored as a dictionary\n",
    "type(response.json())"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# A useful library for JSON manipulation and pretty print\n",
    "import json\n",
    "\n",
    "# It has two main methods:\n",
    "# .loads(), which creates a Python dictionary from a JSON format string (just as response.json() does)\n",
    "# .dumps(), which creates a JSON format string out of a Python dictionary "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'{\\n    \"rates\": {\\n        \"CAD\": 1.5613,\\n        \"HKD\": 8.9041,\\n        \"ISK\": 145.0,\\n        \"PHP\": 58.013,\\n        \"DKK\": 7.4695,\\n        \"HUF\": 336.25,\\n        \"CZK\": 25.504,\\n        \"AUD\": 1.733,\\n        \"RON\": 4.8175,\\n        \"SEK\": 10.7203,\\n        \"IDR\": 16488.05,\\n        \"INR\": 84.96,\\n        \"BRL\": 5.4418,\\n        \"RUB\": 85.1553,\\n        \"HRK\": 7.55,\\n        \"JPY\": 117.12,\\n        \"THB\": 36.081,\\n        \"CHF\": 1.0594,\\n        \"SGD\": 1.5841,\\n        \"PLN\": 4.3132,\\n        \"BGN\": 1.9558,\\n        \"TRY\": 7.0002,\\n        \"CNY\": 7.96,\\n        \"NOK\": 10.89,\\n        \"NZD\": 1.8021,\\n        \"ZAR\": 18.2898,\\n        \"USD\": 1.1456,\\n        \"MXN\": 24.3268,\\n        \"ILS\": 4.0275,\\n        \"GBP\": 0.87383,\\n        \"KRW\": 1374.71,\\n        \"MYR\": 4.8304\\n    },\\n    \"base\": \"EUR\",\\n    \"date\": \"2020-03-09\"\\n}'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 13,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# .dumps() has options to make the string 'prettier', more readable\n",
    "# We can choose the number of spaces to be used as indentation\n",
    "json.dumps(response.json(), indent=4)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{\n",
      "    \"rates\": {\n",
      "        \"CAD\": 1.5613,\n",
      "        \"HKD\": 8.9041,\n",
      "        \"ISK\": 145.0,\n",
      "        \"PHP\": 58.013,\n",
      "        \"DKK\": 7.4695,\n",
      "        \"HUF\": 336.25,\n",
      "        \"CZK\": 25.504,\n",
      "        \"AUD\": 1.733,\n",
      "        \"RON\": 4.8175,\n",
      "        \"SEK\": 10.7203,\n",
      "        \"IDR\": 16488.05,\n",
      "        \"INR\": 84.96,\n",
      "        \"BRL\": 5.4418,\n",
      "        \"RUB\": 85.1553,\n",
      "        \"HRK\": 7.55,\n",
      "        \"JPY\": 117.12,\n",
      "        \"THB\": 36.081,\n",
      "        \"CHF\": 1.0594,\n",
      "        \"SGD\": 1.5841,\n",
      "        \"PLN\": 4.3132,\n",
      "        \"BGN\": 1.9558,\n",
      "        \"TRY\": 7.0002,\n",
      "        \"CNY\": 7.96,\n",
      "        \"NOK\": 10.89,\n",
      "        \"NZD\": 1.8021,\n",
      "        \"ZAR\": 18.2898,\n",
      "        \"USD\": 1.1456,\n",
      "        \"MXN\": 24.3268,\n",
      "        \"ILS\": 4.0275,\n",
      "        \"GBP\": 0.87383,\n",
      "        \"KRW\": 1374.71,\n",
      "        \"MYR\": 4.8304\n",
      "    },\n",
      "    \"base\": \"EUR\",\n",
      "    \"date\": \"2020-03-09\"\n",
      "}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# In order to visualize these changes, we need to print the string\n",
    "print(json.dumps(response.json(), indent=4))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "dict_keys(['rates', 'base', 'date'])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 15,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# It contains 3 keys; the value for the 'rates' key is another dictionary\n",
    "response.json().keys()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Incorporating parameters in the GET request"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'https://api.exchangeratesapi.io/latest?symbols=USD,GBP'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 16,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Request parameters are added to the URL after a question mark '?'\n",
    "# In this case, we request for the exchange rates of the US Dollar (USD) and Pound Sterling (GBP) only\n",
    "param_url = base_url + \"?symbols=USD,GBP\"\n",
    "param_url"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "200"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 17,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Making a request to the server with the new URL, containing the parameters\n",
    "response = requests.get(param_url)\n",
    "response.status_code"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'rates': {'USD': 1.1456, 'GBP': 0.87383}, 'base': 'EUR', 'date': '2020-03-09'}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 18,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Saving the response data\n",
    "data = response.json()\n",
    "data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'EUR'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 19,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# 'data' is a dictionary\n",
    "data['base']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'2020-03-09'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 20,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data['date']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'USD': 1.1456, 'GBP': 0.87383}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 21,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data['rates']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# As per the documentation of this API, we can change the base with the parameter 'base'\n",
    "param_url = base_url + \"?symbols=GBP&base=USD\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'rates': {'GBP': 0.7627706006}, 'base': 'USD', 'date': '2020-03-09'}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 23,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Sending a request and saving the response JSON, all at once\n",
    "data = requests.get(param_url).json()\n",
    "data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0.7627706006"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 24,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "usd_to_gbp = data['rates']['GBP']\n",
    "usd_to_gbp"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Obtaining historical exchange rates"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "base_url = \"https://api.exchangeratesapi.io\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'https://api.exchangeratesapi.io/2016-01-26'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 26,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# We can also ask for the exhange rates at a particular day in the past with '/DATE', where DATE is in the format YYYY-MM-DD\n",
    "historical_url = base_url + \"/2016-01-26\"\n",
    "historical_url"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "200"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 27,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Making the GET request\n",
    "response = requests.get(historical_url)\n",
    "response.status_code"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{\n",
      "    \"rates\": {\n",
      "        \"CAD\": 1.5411,\n",
      "        \"HKD\": 8.4498,\n",
      "        \"SGD\": 1.5498,\n",
      "        \"PHP\": 52.051,\n",
      "        \"DKK\": 7.4622,\n",
      "        \"HUF\": 312.73,\n",
      "        \"CZK\": 27.021,\n",
      "        \"AUD\": 1.555,\n",
      "        \"RON\": 4.5348,\n",
      "        \"SEK\": 9.2644,\n",
      "        \"IDR\": 15004.76,\n",
      "        \"INR\": 73.5797,\n",
      "        \"BRL\": 4.4465,\n",
      "        \"RUB\": 86.7725,\n",
      "        \"HRK\": 7.6658,\n",
      "        \"JPY\": 128.22,\n",
      "        \"THB\": 38.865,\n",
      "        \"CHF\": 1.1008,\n",
      "        \"PLN\": 4.4942,\n",
      "        \"BGN\": 1.9558,\n",
      "        \"TRY\": 3.2699,\n",
      "        \"CNY\": 7.1314,\n",
      "        \"NOK\": 9.4858,\n",
      "        \"NZD\": 1.6777,\n",
      "        \"ZAR\": 17.8881,\n",
      "        \"USD\": 1.0837,\n",
      "        \"MXN\": 20.1259,\n",
      "        \"ILS\": 4.3084,\n",
      "        \"GBP\": 0.76095,\n",
      "        \"KRW\": 1303.82,\n",
      "        \"MYR\": 4.6335\n",
      "    },\n",
      "    \"base\": \"EUR\",\n",
      "    \"date\": \"2016-01-26\"\n",
      "}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Pretty printing the data\n",
    "data = response.json()\n",
    "print(json.dumps(data, indent=4))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Extracting data for a time period"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# The last feautre of this API is: giving the historical exchange rates for every day over some time period"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 30,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'https://api.exchangeratesapi.io/history?start_at=2017-04-26&end_at=2018-04-26&symbols=GBP'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 30,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# The URL for this request is formed with '/history' and the parameters 'start_at' and 'end_at'\n",
    "time_period = base_url + \"/history\" + \"?start_at=2017-04-26&end_at=2018-04-26\" + \"&symbols=GBP\"\n",
    "time_period"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 31,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Extracting the response JSON object\n",
    "data = requests.get(time_period).json()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 32,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{\n",
      "    \"rates\": {\n",
      "        \"2017-08-02\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89425\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-07\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.90435\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-12-05\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88183\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-03\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.90318\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-17\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89148\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-05-12\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.84588\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-23\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8909\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-04\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88768\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-16\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.90993\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-06-12\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88545\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-04-10\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87183\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-09-19\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88622\n",
      "        },\n",
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      "            \"GBP\": 0.84485\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-19\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89815\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-07-27\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88978\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-05-02\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8452\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-03-19\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87593\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-02-05\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88568\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-02\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88418\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-11-28\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89538\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-05-24\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8634\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-02-21\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88463\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-09\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89195\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-06-19\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87518\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-07-11\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88318\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-31\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.91973\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-06-23\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87805\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-10\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.90303\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-31\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87853\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-02-15\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8866\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-03-22\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.872\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-02-19\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8859\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-09-21\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8824\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-12-21\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88763\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-11-17\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89385\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-06-21\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8781\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-12-14\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88163\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-01-30\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8793\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-04\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.9028\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-03-28\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87605\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-01-29\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8794\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-06-09\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87638\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-05-04\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.84765\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-01-25\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87038\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-09-25\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87938\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-11-10\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8837\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-04-20\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87608\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-01-15\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89043\n",
      "        }\n",
      "    },\n",
      "    \"start_at\": \"2017-04-26\",\n",
      "    \"base\": \"EUR\",\n",
      "    \"end_at\": \"2018-04-26\"\n",
      "}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Pretty printing the JSON\n",
    "# Notice that the dates are in random order\n",
    "print(json.dumps(data, indent=4))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 33,
   "metadata": {
    "scrolled": true
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{\n",
      "    \"base\": \"EUR\",\n",
      "    \"end_at\": \"2018-04-26\",\n",
      "    \"rates\": {\n",
      "        \"2017-04-26\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.84903\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-04-27\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8442\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-04-28\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.84473\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-05-02\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8452\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-05-03\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8444\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-05-04\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.84765\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-05-05\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8471\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-05-08\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.84465\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-05-09\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.843\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-05-10\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.83985\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-05-11\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.84485\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-05-12\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.84588\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-05-15\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.84928\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-05-16\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.85868\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-05-17\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.85745\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-05-18\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.85363\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-05-19\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.85908\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-05-22\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.86353\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-05-23\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.86463\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-05-24\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8634\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-05-25\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.86528\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-05-26\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8719\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-05-29\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87093\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-05-30\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.86793\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-05-31\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87365\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-06-01\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8723\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-06-02\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87268\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-06-05\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8713\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-06-06\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8723\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-06-07\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.86908\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-06-08\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.86755\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-06-09\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87638\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-06-12\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88545\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-06-13\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88075\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-06-14\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8796\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-06-15\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8764\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-06-16\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87453\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-06-19\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87518\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-06-20\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88143\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-06-21\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8781\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-06-22\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88168\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-06-23\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87805\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-06-26\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8783\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-06-27\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8837\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-06-28\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88525\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-06-29\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8799\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-06-30\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87933\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-07-03\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87705\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-07-04\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87805\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-07-05\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87735\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-07-06\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88013\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-07-07\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88488\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-07-10\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88443\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-07-11\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88318\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-07-12\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88925\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-07-13\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88215\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-07-14\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87983\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-07-17\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87755\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-07-18\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8878\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-07-19\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88485\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-07-20\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88718\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-07-21\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8961\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-07-24\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8935\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-07-25\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89395\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-07-26\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89275\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-07-27\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88978\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-07-28\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89568\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-07-31\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8942\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-01\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8944\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-02\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89425\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-03\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.90318\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-04\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.9028\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-07\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.90435\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-08\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.90678\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-09\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.90338\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-10\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.90303\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-11\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.90645\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-14\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.90935\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-15\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.91145\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-16\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.90993\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-17\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.90895\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-18\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.91188\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-21\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.91318\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-22\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.91713\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-23\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.92133\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-24\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.92\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-25\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.92083\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-28\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.92328\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-29\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.92965\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-30\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.92246\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-08-31\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.91973\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-09-01\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.92075\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-09-04\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.91855\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-09-05\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.9174\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-09-06\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.91428\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-09-07\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.91403\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-09-08\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.91268\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-09-11\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.90775\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-09-12\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89878\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-09-13\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.90243\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-09-14\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89123\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-09-15\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88043\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-09-18\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88253\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-09-19\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88622\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-09-20\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8868\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-09-21\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8824\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-09-22\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88155\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-09-25\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87938\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-09-26\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87775\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-09-27\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87565\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-09-28\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87635\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-09-29\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88178\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-02\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88418\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-03\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88793\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-04\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88768\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-05\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89153\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-06\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89535\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-09\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89195\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-10\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8941\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-11\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8971\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-12\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.90235\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-13\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8898\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-16\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88753\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-17\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89148\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-18\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89283\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-19\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89815\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-20\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89623\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-23\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8909\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-24\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89303\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-25\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88883\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-26\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8901\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-27\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88633\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-30\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8798\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-10-31\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87853\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-11-01\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87385\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-11-02\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8869\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-11-03\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88923\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-11-06\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8839\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-11-07\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88038\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-11-08\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88405\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-11-09\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88633\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-11-10\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8837\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-11-13\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89018\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-11-14\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89585\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-11-15\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8991\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-11-16\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89183\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-11-17\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89385\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-11-20\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8894\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-11-21\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88498\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-11-22\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8881\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-11-23\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89005\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-11-24\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8912\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-11-27\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89375\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-11-28\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89538\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-11-29\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88293\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-11-30\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87985\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-12-01\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88115\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-12-04\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87725\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-12-05\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88183\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-12-06\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88335\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-12-07\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88068\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-12-08\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87525\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-12-11\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8825\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-12-12\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88068\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-12-13\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87905\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-12-14\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88163\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-12-15\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88253\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-12-18\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88208\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-12-19\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.885\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-12-20\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8832\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-12-21\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88763\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-12-22\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88568\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-12-27\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88593\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-12-28\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88768\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2017-12-29\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88723\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-01-02\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88953\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-01-03\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8864\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-01-04\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89103\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-01-05\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88883\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-01-08\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88413\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-01-09\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8827\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-01-10\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8867\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-01-11\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89075\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-01-12\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88983\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-01-15\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89043\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-01-16\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8886\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-01-17\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88568\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-01-18\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88208\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-01-19\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88365\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-01-22\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88085\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-01-23\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8783\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-01-24\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87183\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-01-25\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87038\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-01-26\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87335\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-01-29\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8794\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-01-30\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8793\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-01-31\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8791\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-02-01\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8752\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-02-02\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8785\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-02-05\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88568\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-02-06\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88885\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-02-07\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88675\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-02-08\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87513\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-02-09\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8874\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-02-12\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.886\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-02-13\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88935\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-02-14\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8904\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-02-15\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8866\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-02-16\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88803\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-02-19\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8859\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-02-20\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88168\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-02-21\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88463\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-02-22\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88343\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-02-23\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8794\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-02-26\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8782\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-02-27\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.884\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-02-28\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88415\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-03-01\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8852\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-03-02\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8932\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-03-05\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8907\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-03-06\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89165\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-03-07\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89513\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-03-08\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.89465\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-03-09\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88893\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-03-12\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8859\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-03-13\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8865\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-03-14\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8863\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-03-15\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8848\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-03-16\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.88253\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-03-19\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87593\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-03-20\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87715\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-03-21\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87403\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-03-22\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.872\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-03-23\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87285\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-03-26\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87248\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-03-27\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8794\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-03-28\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87605\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-03-29\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8749\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-04-03\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87523\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-04-04\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87573\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-04-05\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87395\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-04-06\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87295\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-04-09\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87088\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-04-10\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87183\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-04-11\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8736\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-04-12\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.86745\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-04-13\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.864\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-04-16\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.86465\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-04-17\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8628\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-04-18\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87105\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-04-19\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.86975\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-04-20\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87608\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-04-23\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8764\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-04-24\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.87468\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-04-25\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.8738\n",
      "        },\n",
      "        \"2018-04-26\": {\n",
      "            \"GBP\": 0.871\n",
      "        }\n",
      "    },\n",
      "    \"start_at\": \"2017-04-26\"\n",
      "}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# We can use the 'sort_keys' parameter of the json.dumps() method to order these dates chronologically\n",
    "print(json.dumps(data, indent=4, sort_keys=True))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 34,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# This data can then be used to plot the change in the exchange rate through time or any other further analysis"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Testing the API response to incorrect input"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 35,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Testing how the API behaves if given incorrect input parameters"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 36,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Trying out an invalid DATE\n",
    "invalid_url = base_url + \"/2019-13-01\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 37,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "400"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 37,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Making the request\n",
    "response = requests.get(invalid_url)\n",
    "response.status_code # The server responds with a 400 error code indicating a 'bad request'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 38,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'error': \"time data '2019-13-01' does not match format '%Y-%m-%d'\"}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 38,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# There is also an error message in the JSON\n",
    "response.json()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 39,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Testing an invalid BASE CURRENCY\n",
    "invalid_url = base_url + \"/2019-12-01?base=USB\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 40,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "400"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 40,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "response = requests.get(invalid_url)\n",
    "response.status_code"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 41,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'error': \"Base 'USB' is not supported.\"}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 41,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "response.json()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 42,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Testing an invalid EXCHANGE CURRENCY\n",
    "invalid_url = base_url + \"/2019-12-01?symbols=WBP\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 43,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "400"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 43,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "response = requests.get(invalid_url)\n",
    "response.status_code"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 44,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'error': \"Symbols 'WBP' are invalid for date 2019-12-01.\"}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 44,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "response.json()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Creating a simple currency convertor"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 45,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# We can use the data provided from this API to create a simple currency convertor"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 46,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Please enter the date (in the format 'yyyy-mm-dd' or 'latest'): 2009-07-03\n",
      "Convert from (currency): GBP\n",
      "Convert to (currency): USD\n",
      "How much GBP do you want to convert: 26.0\n",
      "\n",
      "26.0 GBP is equal to 42.538277371199996 USD, based upon exchange rates on 2009-07-03\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Gathering input parameters from the user\n",
    "date = input(\"Please enter the date (in the format 'yyyy-mm-dd' or 'latest'): \")\n",
    "base = input(\"Convert from (currency): \")\n",
    "curr = input(\"Convert to (currency): \")\n",
    "quan = float(input(\"How much {} do you want to convert: \".format(base)))\n",
    "\n",
    "# Constructing the URL based on the user parameters and sending a request to the server\n",
    "url = base_url + \"/\" + date + \"?base=\" + base + \"&symbols=\" + curr\n",
    "response = requests.get(url)\n",
    "\n",
    "# Displaying the error message, if something went wrong\n",
    "if(response.ok is False):\n",
    "    print(\"\\nError {}:\".format(response.status_code))\n",
    "    print(response.json()['error'])\n",
    "\n",
    "else:\n",
    "    data = response.json()\n",
    "    rate = data['rates'][curr]\n",
    "    \n",
    "    result = quan*rate\n",
    "    \n",
    "    print(\"\\n{0} {1} is equal to {2} {3}, based upon exchange rates on {4}\".format(quan,base,result,curr,data['date']))\n"
   ]
  }
 ],
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   "file_extension": ".py",
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