feature: introduce monkey patcher to make adapters configurable

[KebabJoy]

Recently, I encountered an issue while adding Sentry to our project. After adding a simple Sentry initializer, all of our HTTP requests started failing with a "Stack too deep" exception. It turned out that both the sentry-ruby and httplog gems patch the Net::HTTP class, but httplog does so in a way that creates a loop with other patches.
Sentry::Net::HTTP - https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-ruby/blob/master/sentry-ruby/lib/sentry/net/http.rb

To resolve this issue, I introduced a lazy monkey patcher that allows users to configure the required patches themselves. This makes the gem more flexible when used alongside other custom patches and resolves the issue mentioned above

Major changes:

1. Remove .alias method usage due to its unpredictable behaviour
2. Added MonkeyPatcher class which stores adapters and applies them based on the user's configuration
3. Now gem requires initializer since #configure method prepends patching modules, meaning it has to be called at the application start. Maybe it is a good idea to make alias method #init, for convenience