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实现 strStr() #3

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Bulandent opened this issue Jan 4, 2021 · 0 comments
Open

实现 strStr() #3

Bulandent opened this issue Jan 4, 2021 · 0 comments

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@Bulandent
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Bulandent commented Jan 4, 2021

实现 strStr()

难度:简单
来源:LeetCode 28

实现 strStr() 函数。

给定一个 haystack 字符串和一个 needle 字符串,在 haystack 字符串中找出 needle 字符串出现的第一个位置 (从0开始)。如果不存在,则返回  -1。

示例 1:

输入: haystack = "hello", needle = "ll"
输出: 2

示例 2:

输入: haystack = "aaaaa", needle = "bba"
输出: -1

说明:

当 needle 是空字符串时,我们应当返回什么值呢?这是一个在面试中很好的问题。

对于本题而言,当 needle 是空字符串时我们应当返回 0 。这与C语言的 strstr() 以及 Java的 indexOf() 定义相符

题解一:子串逐一比较

/**
 * @param {string} haystack
 * @param {string} needle
 * @return {number}
 */
var strStr = function(haystack, needle) {
    if (needle === '') return 0
    for(let i = 0, l = haystack.length; i < l; i++) {
        if (haystack[i] === needle[0]) {
            if (needle === haystack.substring(i, i + needle.length)) {
                return i
            }
        }
    }
    return -1
};
  • 时间复杂度:O((n-l)l),其中 n 为 haystack 长度,l 为 needle 长度,执行用时:80 ms
  • 空间复杂度:O(1),内存消耗:40.6 MB

题解二:双指针

var strStr = function(haystack, needle) {
    const n = haystack.length, l = needle.length
    if (l === 0) {
        return 0
    }
    let pn = 0
    while (pn < n - l + 1) {
        while (pn < n - l + 1 && haystack.charAt(pn) !== needle.charAt(0)){
            ++pn
        }
        let curr = 0, pl = 0
        while (pl < l && pn < n && haystack.charAt(pn) === needle.charAt(pl)) {
            ++pn
            ++pl
            ++curr
        }
        if (curr === l) {
            return pn - l
        }
        pn = pn - curr + 1
    }
    return -1
}
  • 时间复杂度:最坏 O((n - l)l,最优 O(n);执行用时:80 ms
  • 空间复杂度:O(1);内存消耗:38.8 MB
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