Example usage:
let array = [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 ]
rank(array, 0)
rank(array, 1)
rank(array, 2)
rank(array, 3)
rank(array, 4)
rank(array, 5)
rank(array, 6)
rank(array, 7)
rank(array, 8)
rank(array, 9)
rank(array, 10)
rank(array, 11)