- Cross-Browser Testing
- Fluid Layouts
- Mobile-First
- Breakpoints
- Accessibility (a11y)
- Performance Optimization
- SEO Optimization
I ensured consistent design performance across Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, and Microsoft Edge, focusing on different viewport widths for each browser.
In this project, I have ensured that the layout is fully responsive and adapts smoothly to different screen sizes. For a pixel-perfect design, I focused on three key breakpoints: mobile (375px), tablet (768px), and desktop (1440px).
To achieve fluidity across all screen sizes, I used percentage-based widths, Flexbox, and CSS Grid to create flexible layouts. These techniques allow elements to scale and adjust based on the available screen space, ensuring the design remains consistent and functional.
Moreover, I utilized root calculations (rem and em units) to maintain consistent spacing, font sizes, and other elements across all devices, ensuring a seamless, fluid experience regardless of screen size.
In this project, I followed a Mobile-First approach, designing for the smallest screens first and progressively enhancing the layout for larger devices. This strategy ensures that the core functionality and design work seamlessly on mobile devices, providing an optimal user experience even on constrained screen sizes.
Once the mobile layout was perfected, I used media queries to progressively enhance the design for larger screen sizes such as tablets (768px) and desktops (1440px). At each breakpoint, the layout adjusts smoothly, adding or expanding elements to take advantage of the larger screen real estate. This ensures that the design remains consistent, functional, and visually appealing across all device sizes.
These are the breakpoints used in the project, targeting various device screen widths:
- 320px: Very small smartphones (portrait)
- 360px: Small smartphones (portrait)
- 375px: Small-medium smartphones (portrait)
- 390px: Small-medium smartphones (portrait)
- 414px: Small smartphones (portrait)
- 480px: Smaller smartphones (portrait)
- 540px: Small-medium smartphones
- 568px: Medium smartphones (portrait)
- 600px: Larger smartphones or small tablets (portrait)
- 640px: iPhone 5/5s (landscape)
- 667px: iPhone 6/7/8 (portrait)
- 750px: iPhone 6/7/8 Plus (portrait)
- 800px: Small tablets (landscape)
- 834px: iPad Mini (portrait)
- 1024px: Tablets (portrait) or small laptops
- 1194px: Larger tablets or smaller desktops
- 1200px: Desktop or large tablets
- 1280px: Standard laptops or desktops
- 1366px: Laptops or small desktops
- 1512px: Large laptops or desktop screens
- 1536px: Large desktop monitors
- 1600px: Large desktops or wide laptops
- 1920px: Full HD monitors
- 2560px: Ultra-wide or 4K displays
- I have ensured that all links are tabbable, allowing users to easily navigate through the site.
I have added ARIA attributes to enhance accessibility for screen readers and assistive technologies. Specifically, the following improvements were made:
aria-label: Added to custom components, like #, to provide clear and descriptive labels, ensuring assistive technologies can accurately communicate the purpose of each component.aria-describedby: Used to associate form fields with error messages or additional instructions, offering users contextual guidance during interactions.aria-live="polite": Implemented for error messages to ensure they are dynamically announced to users by assistive technologies without interrupting their workflow.
These additions make the interface more inclusive and improve the overall user experience for all users, including those relying on assistive tools.
- I have added
alttext on all images that aren't used as background images, ensuring that screen readers can interpret them for better accessibility.
- I have added
alttext on all images that aren't used as background images, ensuring that screen readers can interpret them for better accessibility.
- I have tested the site using the Axe DevTools browser extension to identify and resolve accessibility issues. The testing ensures compliance with WCAG 2.1 AA standards.
- All detected issues from Axe have been reviewed and addressed where applicable to improve the overall accessibility of the site.
- I have tested the site using the WAVE Web Accessibility Evaluation Tool to identify potential accessibility issues.
- While WAVE flagged the contrast on the "About" buttons as insufficient, I decided to retain the current color scheme for design consistency and brand identity.
- To balance aesthetics and accessibility, I ensured that all other interactive elements meet contrast requirements and implemented additional accessibility features to enhance the overall user experience.
To enhance site performance, I focused on Font Optimization by preloading custom fonts and ensuring they load asynchronously. This approach reduces render-blocking issues and improves page speed significantly.
These optimizations resulted in significant speed improvements, as verified by tools like Google Lighthouse and PageSpeed Insights. Render-blocking delays caused by custom font loading were eliminated while maintaining the visual integrity of the design.
To enhance site performance, I optimized the loading of JavaScript by using the defer attribute, which improves load times and overall user experience.
- JavaScript Deferred Loading:
- I applied the
deferattribute to non-critical JavaScript files, ensuring they load after the page content is parsed. This reduces render-blocking and allows the page to become interactive faster.
- I applied the
This optimization resulted in faster page load times and improved performance metrics, contributing to a better user experience.
To enhance performance, I prioritized image optimization throughout the project. All images were compressed by converting them from PNG to the modern WebP format, significantly reducing file sizes while maintaining high-quality visuals. This optimization saved substantial storage space and improved page loading times.
For vector graphics, I retained SVG for icons due to their scalability and minimal file size. SVGs are ideal for responsive designs as they adapt to different resolutions without losing quality. By combining WebP for raster images and SVG for icons, the site achieves an optimal balance of performance and visual fidelity.
In this project, I have used the seo-title and seo-description tags to enhance search engine optimization (SEO). These tags are important for improving visibility and click-through rates from search engine results pages (SERPs).
- SEO Title: This tag defines the title of the page as it will appear in search engine results.
- SEO Description: This provides a brief summary of the page content and is displayed under the SEO title in search results.
Both tags were carefully crafted to improve the page's SEO ranking and provide a better user experience when the page is listed in search engines.