[fix][broker] Fix the bug that elected leader thinks it's a follower

[heesung-sn]

Fixes #23125

Motivation

As reported in the issue, #23125, we have seen a case where the elected leader indefinitely thinks it's a follower. As a result, this issue can block load shedding(run by the leader) and cause broker load imbalance.

Additionally, I think the broker leadership should be checked more aggressively upon zk re-connection as well because znode deletion watch events could be missed while reconnected[1]

Watches are maintained locally at the ZooKeeper server to which the client is connected. This allows watches to be lightweight to set, maintain, and dispatch. When a client connects to a new server, the watch will be triggered for any session events. Watches will not be received while disconnected from a server. When a client reconnects, any previously registered watches will be reregistered and triggered if needed. In general this all occurs transparently. There is one case where a watch may be missed: a watch for the existence of a znode not yet created will be missed if the znode is created and deleted while disconnected.

Refs:
[1] https://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/current/zookeeperProgrammers.html#ch_zkWatches

Modifications

• Fix a bug to return Leading LeaderElectionState when the leader is the same as the proposed and from the same session.
• elect() more aggressively upon zk reconnection events.
• Set LeaderElectionState to NoLeader when closing LeaderElection.
• Add more logs to better debug leader election

Verifying this change

• Make sure that the change passes the CI checks.

Does this pull request potentially affect one of the following parts:

If the box was checked, please highlight the changes

• Dependencies (add or upgrade a dependency)
• The public API
• The schema
• The default values of configurations
• The threading model
• The binary protocol
• The REST endpoints
• The admin CLI options
• The metrics
• Anything that affects deployment

Documentation

• doc
• doc-required
• doc-not-needed
• doc-complete

Matching PR in forked repository

PR in forked repository: heesung-sn#77

[lhotari]

Good catch and good work @heesung-sn! LGTM

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 74.56%. Comparing base (bbc6224) to head (f797af3).
Report is 501 commits behind head on master.

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff              @@
##             master   #23138      +/-   ##
============================================
+ Coverage     73.57%   74.56%   +0.99%     
- Complexity    32624    33576     +952     
============================================
  Files          1877     1919      +42     
  Lines        139502   144174    +4672     
  Branches      15299    15758     +459     
============================================
+ Hits         102638   107504    +4866     
+ Misses        28908    28436     -472     
- Partials       7956     8234     +278     

Flag	Coverage Δ
inttests	27.75% <54.54%> (+3.17%)	⬆️
systests	24.75% <54.54%> (+0.42%)	⬆️
unittests	73.92% <100.00%> (+1.07%)	⬆️

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Files	Coverage Δ
...metadata/coordination/impl/LeaderElectionImpl.java	81.39% <100.00%> (+2.54%)	⬆️

... and 492 files with indirect coverage changes