Modernization

[Zeitsperre]

Overview

Changes:

• Added support for Python3.12 and Python3.13
• Updated the authors file and Zenodo configuration to reflect contributors.
• Replaced bumpversion (obsolete) with bump-my-version.
• Added dependencies that were missing from the requirements*.txt and environment*.yml files.
• Set base versions for most dependencies.
• Updated the build setup for ReadTheDocs.
• Updated the pre-commit hook versions.
• Added security hardening steps to workflows.
• Replaced pydocstyle with numpydoc-validation
• Added missing docstrings for all public functions, classes, and methods.

Related Issue / Discussion

Static typing was inferred by me, so there may be errors and inaccuracies.

Additional Information

I may have gone a bit overboard here, but there is a need for us to support modern Python versions.

[Zeitsperre]

@cehbrecht This is good to go. The next step would be to translate the setup to pyproject.toml (pip >=25.0 is warning that packages should start moving to the new standard).