Iterative method to find maximum likelihood estimates of parameters in the case unobserved latent variables dependent model
A.P. Dempster, N.M. Laird et Donald Rubin, « Maximum Likelihood from Incomplete Data via the EM Algorithm », Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B (Methodological), vol. 39, no 1, 1977, p. 1–38 (JSTOR 2984875)