DFIR Reference Frameworks

This repository is intended to provide a public reference to frameworks directly relevant to the DFIR community. It's common for the DFIR community to use terminology that isn't always well defined in the documentation they produce. This repository aims to help the DFIR community, and those reading information from the DFIR community, have a better understanding of defined terms and a more consistent approach to the language used in documentation.

Given the DFIR community is not a regulated industry, it's not common to find academic peer-reviewed papers for the majority of the topics below. For this reason, the Frameworks provided below are considered commonly used/accepted within the industry, or originate from well-known educational resrouces. This repository is not intended as a reference location to individual vendor methodologies. Any changes submitted need to show that the source meets these requirements.

Use of this Repository

You're welcome, and I encourage, you to use the references provided below. All I ask is if you find other useful references you drop me an Issue with the link and why you think it's useful, so I can add it for others to benefit from. Additoinally, if you really enjoy using these references, shoot me an email or a message just to let me know this was useful....that's it, enjoy.

Incident Response

• NIST Computer Security Incident Handling Guide

Description	Author	Link
Identification and Prevention of Cyber Activity	Lockheed Martin	The Cyber Kill Chain
Adversary Tactics and Techniques Categorisation	MITRE	ATT&CK Matrix
Sensitive Information Sharing/Classification	FIRST.org	Traffic Light Protocal
Event and Incident Vocabulary	Verizon	The Vocabulary for Event Recording and Incident Sharing (VERIS)
Detection Indicators Usefulness	David J Bianco	The Pyramid of Pain
Capabilities to Defend an Organization	Matt Swann	The Incident Response Hierarchy of Needs
DFIR Reporting	Lenny Zeltser	Report Template for Threat Intelligence and Incident Response
Incident Response Framework for OT Systems	Chris Sistrunk, Ken Proska, Glen Chason, Daniel Kapellmann	Introducing Mandiant's Digital Forensics and Incident Response Framework for Embedded OT Systems

Malware Analysis

• NIST Guide to Malware Incident Prevention and Handling for Desktops and Laptops

Description	Author	Link
Malware Analysis Process	Lenny Zeltser	How You Can Start Learning Malware Analysis
Sharing Malware Samples	Lenny Zeltser	How to Share Malware Samples With Other Researchers

Threat Intelligence

Description	Author	Link
CTI Source Analysis/Assessment Framework	Sergio Caltagirone, Andrew Pendergast, Christopher Betz	The Diamond Model of Intrusion Analysis
CTI Likelihood and Confidence Taxonomies	MISP	MISP Estimative Language
CTI Structured Language	MITRE	Structured Threat Information Expression (STIX™)
Transport Framework for Sharing CTI	MITRE	Trusted Automated Exchange of Intelligence Information (TAXII™)
Assessing CTI Feeds Value	Kimberly K. Watson	Assessing The Potential Value Of Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) Feeds

Proactive Response

Description	Author	Link
Modeling Security Threats	Bruce Schneier	Attack Trees
Theat Modelling Framework	Microsoft	The STRIDE Threat Model
Vulnerability Scoring Framework	FIRST.org	Common Vulnerability Scoring System

Threat Hunting

Description	Author	Link
TTP-Based Hunting Methodology	MITRE	TTP-Based Hunting
Cyber Threat Hunting Model	Dan Gunter	A Practical Model for Conducting Cyber Threat Hunting
Threat Hunting Scenarios	@ThreatHuntProj	The Threat Hunting Project

Insider Threat

Description	Author	Link
Detecting and Identifying Insider Threats and Methodology	CISA	Detecting and Identifying Insider Threats
Whitepaper on Behaviour Indicators of Insider Threats	Eric D. Shaw, Ph.D. and Harley V. Stock, Ph.D	Behavioral Risk Indicators of Malicious Insider Theft of Intellectual Property: Misreading the Writing on the Wall
An Insider Threat Indicator Ontology Research Papaer	Carnegie Mellon University	An Insider Threat Indicator Ontology
Insider Threat Detection Case Study	NATO	Insider Threat Detection Study
Insider Threat Detection and Approach from CrowdStrike	Venu Shastri - CrowdStrike	Detecting Insider Threat Indicators
Insider Threat Detection for the Cloud	Dave Shackleford	How to Build a Detection and Response Strategy for Insider Threats

Digital Forensics

Description	Author	Link