feat: refactor: use sigstore-go for fetching TrustedRoot (#791)

Uses the `sigstore-go` library for fetching the `TrustedRoot`, which
contains the Sigstore infrastructure certificates needed to validate the
leaf ephemeral certificates used to sign artifacts.

Refactors:

- replace `TrustedRootSingleton()` with `getDefaultCosignCheckOpts()`,
since only `VerifyImage()` will now need that data.
- replace `cosign.ValidateAndUnpackCert`
with`sigstoreVerify.VerifyLeafCertificate()`
- use `sync.Once` for sigstore and rekor clients, and the `TrustedRoot`

## Testing

- existing tests continue to pass
- [negative tests
](https://github.com/slsa-framework/slsa-verifier/blob/d96b9777090694fa5096ee1b9c710a46b5a66f5e/cli/slsa-verifier/main_regression_test.go#L450-L471)
against rekor TLogs
- manual invocations of `verify-artifact`.

---------

Signed-off-by: Ramon Petgrave <ramon.petgrave64@gmail.com>

.github/workflows/pre-submit.lint.yml

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@cdcb36043654635271a94b9a6d1392de5bb323a7 # v5.0.1
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@0a12ed9d6a96ab950c8f026ed9f722fe0da7ef32 # v5.0.2
         with:
           go-version-file: "go.mod"
           # not needed but gets rid of warnings

go.mod

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 module github.com/slsa-framework/slsa-verifier/v2
 
-go 1.21
-
-toolchain go1.21.6
+go 1.22.0
 
 require (
 	github.com/docker/go v1.5.1-1
@@ -12,25 +10,26 @@ require (
 	github.com/in-toto/in-toto-golang v0.9.0
 	github.com/secure-systems-lab/go-securesystemslib v0.8.0
 	github.com/sigstore/rekor v1.3.6
-	github.com/sigstore/sigstore v1.8.3
+	github.com/sigstore/sigstore v1.8.7
 )
 
 require (
-	github.com/google/go-containerregistry v0.19.1
+	github.com/google/go-containerregistry v0.20.0
 	github.com/gorilla/mux v1.8.1
 	github.com/in-toto/attestation v1.1.0
 	github.com/sigstore/cosign/v2 v2.2.4
-	github.com/sigstore/sigstore-go v0.2.0
+	github.com/sigstore/sigstore-go v0.5.1
 	github.com/slsa-framework/slsa-github-generator v1.9.0
-	github.com/spf13/cobra v1.8.0
-	golang.org/x/mod v0.18.0
+	github.com/spf13/cobra v1.8.1
+	golang.org/x/mod v0.19.0
 	sigs.k8s.io/release-utils v0.7.7
 )
 
 require (
 	github.com/digitorus/pkcs7 v0.0.0-20230818184609-3a137a874352 // indirect
 	github.com/digitorus/timestamp v0.0.0-20231217203849-220c5c2851b7 // indirect
 	github.com/dustin/go-humanize v1.0.1 // indirect
+	github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v4 v4.0.2 // indirect
 	github.com/go-openapi/strfmt v0.23.0 // indirect
 	github.com/go-openapi/swag v0.23.0 // indirect
 	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0 // indirect
@@ -39,12 +38,11 @@ require (
 	github.com/sagikazarmark/slog-shim v0.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/sigstore/timestamp-authority v1.2.2 // indirect
 	github.com/sourcegraph/conc v0.3.0 // indirect
-	github.com/theupdateframework/go-tuf/v2 v2.0.0-20240207172116-f5cf71290141 // indirect
+	github.com/theupdateframework/go-tuf/v2 v2.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/transparency-dev/merkle v0.0.2 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v1.24.0 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20240311173647-c811ad7063a7 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20240318140521-94a12d6c2237 // indirect
-	gopkg.in/go-jose/go-jose.v2 v2.6.3 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v1.27.0 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20240520151616-dc85e6b867a5 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20240520151616-dc85e6b867a5 // indirect
 )
 
 require (
@@ -68,17 +66,16 @@ require (
 	github.com/go-openapi/loads v0.22.0 // indirect
 	github.com/go-openapi/spec v0.21.0 // indirect
 	github.com/go-openapi/validate v0.24.0 // indirect
-	github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.4 // indirect
 	github.com/golang/snappy v0.0.4 // indirect
-	github.com/google/certificate-transparency-go v1.1.8 // indirect
+	github.com/google/certificate-transparency-go v1.2.1 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-cleanhttp v0.5.2 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-retryablehttp v0.7.7 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/hcl v1.0.1-vault-5 // indirect
 	github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/jedisct1/go-minisign v0.0.0-20230811132847-661be99b8267 // indirect
 	github.com/josharian/intern v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.17.4 // indirect
-	github.com/letsencrypt/boulder v0.0.0-20231026200631-000cd05d5491 // indirect
+	github.com/letsencrypt/boulder v0.0.0-20240620165639-de9c06129bec // indirect
 	github.com/magiconair/properties v1.8.7 // indirect
 	github.com/mailru/easyjson v0.7.7 // indirect
 	github.com/mitchellh/go-homedir v1.1.0 // indirect
@@ -92,7 +89,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/sassoftware/relic v7.2.1+incompatible // indirect
 	github.com/shibumi/go-pathspec v1.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/sigstore/fulcio v1.4.5
-	github.com/sigstore/protobuf-specs v0.3.0
+	github.com/sigstore/protobuf-specs v0.3.2
 	github.com/sirupsen/logrus v1.9.3 // indirect
 	github.com/spf13/afero v1.11.0 // indirect
 	github.com/spf13/cast v1.6.0 // indirect
@@ -104,19 +101,19 @@ require (
 	github.com/titanous/rocacheck v0.0.0-20171023193734-afe73141d399 // indirect
 	github.com/vbatts/tar-split v0.11.5 // indirect
 	go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver v1.14.0 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.24.0 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.24.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.27.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.27.0 // indirect
 	go.uber.org/multierr v1.11.0 // indirect
 	go.uber.org/zap v1.27.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.22.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.25.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20240613232115-7f521ea00fb8
-	golang.org/x/net v0.23.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/net v0.26.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/sync v0.7.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.20.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/term v0.19.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.14.0 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/grpc v1.62.1 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.34.1
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.22.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/term v0.22.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.16.0 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/grpc v1.64.1 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.34.2
 	gopkg.in/ini.v1 v1.67.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
 	k8s.io/klog/v2 v2.120.1 // indirect