add enable_edge_node_externals (vercel/turborepo#6562)

### Description

Some edge runtimes allow additional node.js builtins

### Testing Instructions

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  Give a quick description of steps to test your changes.
-->


Closes PACK-2030

crates/turbopack-core/src/environment.rs

@@ -223,6 +223,19 @@ impl Environment {
         })
     }
 
+    #[turbo_tasks::function]
+    pub async fn supports_commonjs_externals(self: Vc<Self>) -> Result<Vc<bool>> {
+        let this = self.await?;
+        Ok(match this.execution {
+            ExecutionEnvironment::NodeJsBuildTime(..) | ExecutionEnvironment::NodeJsLambda(_) => {
+                Vc::cell(true)
+            }
+            ExecutionEnvironment::Browser(_) => Vc::cell(false),
+            ExecutionEnvironment::EdgeWorker(_) => Vc::cell(true),
+            ExecutionEnvironment::Custom(_) => todo!(),
+        })
+    }
+
     #[turbo_tasks::function]
     pub async fn resolve_extensions(self: Vc<Self>) -> Result<Vc<Vec<String>>> {
         let env = self.await?;

crates/turbopack-ecmascript/src/references/esm/base.rs

@@ -256,10 +256,14 @@ impl CodeGenerateable for EsmAssetReference {
                         }));
                     }
                     ReferencedAsset::OriginalReferenceTypeExternal(request) => {
-                        if !*chunking_context.environment().node_externals().await? {
+                        if !*chunking_context
+                            .environment()
+                            .supports_commonjs_externals()
+                            .await?
+                        {
                             bail!(
-                                "the chunking context does not support Node.js external modules \
-                                 (request: {})",
+                                "the chunking context does not support external modules (request: \
+                                 {})",
                                 request
                             );
                         }

crates/turbopack/src/resolve.rs

@@ -69,6 +69,8 @@ const NODE_EXTERNALS: [&str; 51] = [
     "pnpapi",
 ];
 
+const EDGE_NODE_EXTERNALS: [&str; 5] = ["buffer", "events", "assert", "util", "async_hooks"];
+
 #[turbo_tasks::function]
 async fn base_resolve_options(
     resolve_path: Vc<FileSystemPath>,
@@ -100,6 +102,18 @@ async fn base_resolve_options(
             );
         }
     }
+    if opt.enable_edge_node_externals {
+        for req in EDGE_NODE_EXTERNALS {
+            direct_mappings.insert(
+                AliasPattern::exact(req),
+                ImportMapping::External(Some(format!("node:{req}"))).into(),
+            );
+            direct_mappings.insert(
+                AliasPattern::exact(format!("node:{req}")),
+                ImportMapping::External(None).into(),
+            );
+        }
+    }
 
     let mut import_map = ImportMap::new(direct_mappings);
     if let Some(additional_import_map) = opt.import_map {

crates/turbopack/src/resolve_options_context.rs

@@ -35,6 +35,9 @@ pub struct ResolveOptionsContext {
     /// Mark well-known Node.js modules as external imports and load them using
     /// native `require`. e.g. url, querystring, os
     pub enable_node_externals: bool,
+    /// Mark well-known Edge modules as external imports and load them using
+    /// native `require`. e.g. buffer, events, assert
+    pub enable_edge_node_externals: bool,
     #[serde(default)]
     /// Enables the "browser" field and export condition in package.json
     pub browser: bool,